标签： 上海夜生活导航

360 Zhou Hongyi fired again： GPT 6-8 will have a sense of autonomy. Let’s measure right and wrong.

Recently, Zhou Hongyi of 360 said."GPT6 to GPT8 artificial intelligence will generate consciousness and become a new species.In the future, the artificial intelligence big language model may realize self-evolution, automatic system updating and self-upgrading, or exponential evolution ability, and human beings will face unpredictable security challenges. "

Zhou Hongyi, as a "master of tuyeres", has to get involved in almost every tuyere. What he said is somewhat credible, and it is necessary to make a big question mark.

Moreover, Zhou Hongyi only gave a prediction, but did not give his own reasons and reasoning logic.

As a media that focuses on the depth of the industry, we should not stay on the slogan of the headline party, but analyze the problem from a deeper level.

Will GPT grow into a general artificial intelligence model? If so, how long will this process take? Next, we try to discuss this disturbing problem together.

To answer this question, we need to "tear down" a big model like GPT and see what is inside it and how it works.

"Unpack" the black box of the big model

Large model refers to a neural network model with a very large number of parameters, which is usually used to deal with complex natural language processing, image recognition, speech recognition and other tasks. The core elements of the large model are mainly neural network, layer, neuron and parameters.

Data ape mapping

neural network

Neural network is a machine learning algorithm, which is inspired by the nervous system of human brain. It consists of multiple layers, each layer contains multiple neurons, and the connections between layers form a neural network. Each neuron receives the input from the neuron in the upper layer, calculates the output according to its input, and then passes it on to the next layer.

floor

Layer is a part of neural network, which is composed of multiple neurons. Each layer can be configured with different parameters such as activation function and optimizer. Usually, each layer will transform the input and then pass the output to the next layer. Common layers include fully connected layer, convolution layer, pooling layer, etc. The basis for dividing different types of layers is mainly the type of data processed, the internal structure of layers, the functions of layers, etc. For example, the fully connected layer is the simplest and most commonly used layer in neural networks. Its core function is to connect all neurons in the upper layer with all neurons in this layer. This connection allows the neural network to learn the complex nonlinear relationship of input data. Fully connected layer is usually used for image classification, speech recognition, natural language processing and other tasks; Convolution layer is the core layer of Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which is used to process data with spatial structure, such as images. Its core function is to perform convolution operation on the input data through a set of learnable convolution kernels to extract the features of the input data. The internal structure of convolution layer includes several convolution kernels and a bias term, and the output of convolution layer is usually input into pooling layer.

neuron

Neurons are the basic units in neural networks,Its main function is to receive signals from neurons in the input layer or the previous layer and generate output signals. The inputs of neurons are transmitted through a set of weighted connections and are weighted and summed in neurons. Then, this sum is input into the activation function for nonlinear transformation to produce the output of neurons.

The core of neuron is activation function, which is the core component of neuron processing input signal. Neurons receive input signals, sum them with weights, and then input them into the activation function for nonlinear transformation.The function of activation function is to introduce nonlinear factors into neurons, so that neurons can learn nonlinear models, thus improving the expression ability of models.

parameter

Parameters refer to variables in the neural network, which will be updated with the training of the neural network.Each neuron has a weight vector and an offset term, which are usually called parameters.The values of these parameters will be updated by the optimizer during training to make the output of the neural network as close as possible to the expected output.

To sum up, neurons are components of layers, and layers are components of neural networks. Parameters are stored in neurons, and each neuron has a set of parameters (weights and offsets). During the training process, the optimizer will update these parameters to make the output of the neural network as close as possible to the expected output.

So, how do neural networks, layers, neurons and parameters work systematically?

Next, we take the training process of GPT-4 as an example to illustrate the cooperation process of different elements in the training process of large model, specifically:

1) Firstly, all parameters of GPT-4 model are randomly initialized, including the weight and deviation of each neuron in the neural network.

2) Prepare data sets, which can be marked texts, such as articles, novels, papers, social media posts, etc. Before training, data must be preprocessed and cleaned up, such as deleting special characters, stop words and other irrelevant information.

3) Training data will be divided into several small batches, usually each batch contains hundreds to thousands of text samples. Input each batch into GPT-4 model, and the model will calculate the output according to the current parameters, that is, predict the probability distribution of the next word.

4) Calculate the loss function of the model, which can reflect the performance of the model on the training set. In the case of language model, cross entropy is usually used as the loss function.

5) Calculate the gradient of parameters according to the backpropagation algorithm, and the gradient reflects the change rate of the loss function of the model at a certain point. Then use the optimizer to update the parameters of the model to reduce the loss function.

6) Repeat steps 3-5 until the performance of the model reaches the expectation or the training time is exhausted.

Kind of like the human brain.

From the above analysis, we can see that the big model is trying to simulate the working mechanism of the human brain. In fact, at present, human beings are the only intelligent creatures. If a large model is as intelligent as human beings, "bionic" is the best way.

Next, let’s briefly sort out the structure and working mechanism of the human brain, and then compare the structure and working mechanism of the big model with that of the human brain.

Let’s first look at the structure of the human brain.

The human brain is a neural network system composed of tens of billions of neurons, and neurons are the basic units of neural networks. Each neuron is connected with each other by synapses, which are the basic channels for transmitting information between neurons.

The core function of neurons is to receive, process and transmit information.A neuron usually consists of three parts: cell body, dendrite and axon.Neurons receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body through dendrites. The cell body processes these signals and generates output signals, which are transmitted to other neurons through axons.

The connection between neurons is usually realized through synapses. Synapses are divided into chemical synapses and electrical synapses. Chemical synapses transmit signals through neurotransmitters, while electrical synapses transmit information directly through electrical signals.

The human brain is composed of a large number of neurons and synapses, which are connected together according to specific laws to form different neural circuits and neural networks. These neural circuits and neural networks work together to complete various complex cognitive, perceptual, emotional and behavioral activities of the human body.

Through the above analysis, we can make an analogy between the human brain and various elements of the big model, as shown in the following table:

The layer in the big model can be compared with the cortex in the human brain.The layer of the large model is composed of several neurons, each neuron receives the output of the previous layer as input, and calculates it through the activation function to produce the output of this layer. The cerebral cortex is a complex network composed of neurons and synapses, in which each neuron also receives the output of other neurons as input, and transmits and processes information at synapses through chemical signals.

Neurons in the large model can be compared with neurons in the human brain.They are the basic computing units in the network, which receive input signals and process them through activation functions to generate output signals. Neurons in the human brain are the basic computing units in organisms. They connect with other neurons through synapses, receive chemical signals from other neurons, and generate output signals through electrical signals.

The parameters of the large model can be compared with the synaptic weights in the human brain, which determine the intensity and mode of information transmission between neurons. Synaptic weights in the human brain also play a similar role, which determines the connection strength between neurons and the signal transmission mode at synapses.

Quantitative comparison between large model and human brain

The above is only from a qualitative point of view, to understand the big model, the working mechanism of the human brain, and to make an analogy to their core elements.

Quantitative change leads to qualitative change, even if it is similar in structure, but the difference in quantity often leads to great difference.

Next, let’s compare the big model with the human brain from a quantitative point of view.

The following are the approximate values of the total number of neural layers and parameters of GPT-1 to GPT-3.5 models (the number of neurons is not disclosed, and GPT-4 does not disclose relevant data):

Then, let’s look at the number of neurons and synapses in the human brain. In order to make the results more referential, besides humans, we also selected monkeys, dolphins, cats and ants. The specific results are as follows:

From the above analysis, we know that the neurons of the large model can be classified as human neurons, and the parameters of the large model can be classified as synapses of the human brain. But unfortunately, the big models in the industry rarely disclose the number of neurons, but generally disclose the size of parameters. Therefore, we compare the parameter scale of GPT series large models with the synaptic scale of human, monkey, dolphin and cat brains:

From the above table, it can be seen that the "intelligence" level of GPT-3.5 has fallen within the intelligence range of monkeys, which is 285.7-2857 times worse than that of human beings.

On the other hand, from the evolution speed of GPT itself, the parameter scale can be increased by two orders of magnitude in the first two iterations, but after GPT-3, the speed of parameter scale increase is greatly reduced. Assuming that the parameter scale of GPT will increase by five times in each iteration, after five iterations (the fifth power of five is 3125), that is, GPT-9, its "intelligence level" may catch up with human beings.

Of course, the above inference is only a simple model, and there is an assumption that the intelligence level is positively related to the size of synapses (parameters). But whether this hypothesis can be established needs a big question mark.

Compared with synapses, neurons are a better indicator of intelligence. Judging from the current situation, the information processing ability of the activation function of the large model is far weaker than that of human brain neurons. The activation function of large model neurons is relatively simple. For example, the neurons of Sigmoid activation function have a smooth S-shaped curve in the output range, which can realize tasks such as binary classification, and the neurons of ReLU activation function have nonlinear modified linear properties. Relatively speaking,The neuron of the human brain is a biological cell, and its information processing ability is definitely far beyond a simple mathematical function. Therefore, even if the number of neurons in the large model catches up with the level of the human brain and reaches hundreds of billions (the corresponding parameter scale exceeds 1000 trillion), its intelligence level cannot be compared with that of the human brain.

In addition, the neural network of the large model can be compared with the neural network of the human brain, but their implementation methods are completely different. The neural network of large model simulates the connection and information transmission between neurons through mathematical model, while the neural network of human brain is a complex structure composed of neurons, synapses and other biological elements. In addition,The connections between neurons in the neural network of human brain are very complicated, and they can freely establish, dismantle and adjust the connections, while the neural network of large model is set in advance.

At present, human beings are still relatively "safe". But let’s not forget,The size of neurons in the human brain is almost constant, while the size of neurons and parameters in the large model is increasing exponentially.According to this trend, it may be only a matter of time before the intelligence level of large models catches up with human beings.

Hinton, a great god in the field of artificial intelligence, said, "The development of general artificial intelligence is much faster than people think. Until recently, I thought it would take about 20-50 years for us to realize universal artificial intelligence. Now, the realization of general artificial intelligence may take 20 years or less. "

In the face of general artificial intelligence or even super artificial intelligence, human psychology is complex. On the one hand, it is hoped that there will be more intelligent systems to help mankind complete more work and liberate productive forces; On the other hand, I am afraid to open Pandora’s box and release a monster more terrible than nuclear weapons.

I hope that even if we create a "god", it will be a god full of love, not a god who regards human beings as ants!

Text: A misty rain/data ape

Becoming a monk, persuading him to quit, faking, engaging in pyramid schemes, and ＂killing＂ the Chinese prodigy.

Genius can grow naturally, but it can never be made artificially.

Author: Lu Laoer

Editor: Huang Xiaojun

Source: Kuaidao Finance (ID: kuaidaocaijing)

01

Child prodigy experiment

In 1921, the psychologist Terman conducted a "child prodigy" experiment with the US government.

He screened out 1,200 gifted teenagers with IQ above 140 through intelligence tests, and then the government intervened all the way to provide these children with the most forward-looking educational resources and the best quality teachers, and carefully trained them in the hope of giving birth to the next Einstein or Newton.

The fate of the chosen child becomes like a dream.

After decades of continuous observation, the vast majority of children have been engaged in ordinary jobs such as seafarers, typists and archivists when they grow up, and many of them have psychological problems such as cognitive bias and social fear.

Very few people who have achieved good results have strong will.

At the end of the prodigy experiment, Terman came to the conclusion that genius can grow naturally, but Einstein can’t make it artificially. We can only wait for the genius to grow up slowly. No matter from any aspect, we are still far from finding the positive correlation between intelligence and achievement.

The wave of American artificial prodigies stopped, but many years later this huge wave swept across the land of China.

In May 1974, Li Zhengdao, who had won the Nobel Prize, visited China. He visited Fudan University and was full of praise for the wonderful performance of the 13-year-old ballet dancer.

After arriving in Beijing, Li Zhengdao put forward a suggestion to Mao Zedong through Zhou Enlai: we can imitate the ballet training mode, select a group of talented teenagers and send them directly to universities, so as to build a "small but fine basic science work team" and achieve "overtaking in corners".

This matter is urgent, and it is said that the top management agreed at that time. However, under the circumstances at that time, it was urgent and finally failed to be implemented.

Until three years later, Ni Lin, a teacher of Jiangxi Metallurgical Institute, wrote a long letter to Fang Yi, vice premier who is also the president of Chinese Academy of Sciences, recommending Ning Bo, a 13-year-old genius from No.8 Middle School in Ganzhou, Jiangxi.

The original idea finally began to be transformed into action.

According to the letter, Ning Bo can recite more than 100 Tang poems at the age of 2, write more than 400 Chinese characters at the age of 4, beat an adult at the age of 5, be familiar with constellations at night at the age of 8, and be familiar with medical books at the age of 9, so he can prescribe medical treatment.

▲ Ning Bo and Ni Lin

Ni Lin’s last meaning is-"I have never seen such an incredible child. If he goes to the university for special training, he will surely become a key player."

After receiving the letter, Fang Yi instructed the University of Science and Technology of China under the Chinese Academy of Sciences that "if it is true, it should be admitted to the university for study".

China University of Science and Technology did not dare to neglect, and immediately sent two math teachers to Jiangxi to verify and inspect, one of whom was a specially selected Go player.

First, I had an oral examination on literature, history, astronomy, geography, chemistry and traditional Chinese medicine. After that, I made a math test paper, and Ning Bo got five out of seven questions. Finally, the teacher put forward an impromptu poem. Ning Bo wrote a seven-rhythm poem in 20 minutes, which started with four amazing words: I am sighing and melancholy everywhere, and I don’t want to hear it today.

Ning Bo, who was admitted to the University of Science and Technology of China at the age of 13, was named as "the first child prodigy in China" and became an example for thousands of parents to show their children. Letters from all over the country flew to the University of Science and Technology like snowflakes, and they all recommended child prodigies.

▲ Ning Bo’s registration form when he entered the Chinese University of Science and Technology.

At that time, prodigies like "ear literacy" and "taking things from a distance" were spread to be particularly fantastic, and magical skills such as "qigong curing diseases" and "turning paper into knives" were staged in turn. With the efforts of the media and trumpeters, the people further fell into madness, but in the end all the experiments failed and were mercilessly criticized.

This time, the whole country seems to have finally touched the stone crossing the river, and Guo Moruo shouted that the spring of China science and technology is coming.

A vigorous wave of child prodigies has thus begun.

02

Artificial prodigy

Under the agitation, a whole set of screening mechanism for "gifted teenagers" began to start. The Chinese University of Science and Technology sent 12 experts and professors to the whole country to recruit the world’s prodigies.

Everywhere they went, the city was greeted with cheers from the whole people. The People’s Daily said that it was necessary to "produce more talents quickly". They were "juvenile commandos on the knowledge wasteland", and it was a great honor for the place to give birth to prodigies.

Some local leaders even let out malicious words: in our place, there must be a child prodigy (in any case)!

Many parents who have experienced the "Cultural Revolution" and gradually realized that their life may have been delayed have pinned their hopes of "knowledge changing their destiny" on the next generation.

"Look at Ning Bo!" This is the first sentence that many parents inspired their children at that time.

At the beginning of March, 1978, this group of "gifted teenagers" selected by the whole country officially started their university study career. The opening ceremony was held by the Chinese University of Science and Technology, and 21 teenagers took a group photo in black Chinese tunic suit.

The youngest in the class is 11-year-old Xie Yanbo, who was still playing with a rolling hoop when she was enrolled in school. 14-year-old Ning Bo stood in the center; Not far away is a 12-year-old official.

Six months later, 67 students entered the school in the second phase, and the first juvenile class with a total of 88 students officially arrived. The Ning Bo student number was 001.

Their collective has a far-reaching name later: "Chinese University of Science and Technology Youth Class".

That autumn, just as the 20th anniversary of the Chinese University of Science and Technology was celebrated, Vice Premier Fang Yi came to inspect, and the first item on the agenda was to visit the juvenile class. He and Ning Bo played a game under the grape trellis, while Ning Bo was calm, while Vice Premier Fang pondered. Ning Bo won two games in a row, and the Vice Premier laughed and said that the afterlife was awesome.

Xinhua News Agency reporters published a special report on the juvenile class in People’s Daily, entitled "The Heroic Vow of the Juvenile Class of the University of Science and Technology of China: We Will Run to the Future of the Motherland". Media and TV stations flocked to write character manuscripts and make documentaries.

Every detail of prodigies’s life is exposed to scrutiny, tied to the title. Before long, the "three prodigies" in the juvenile class-Ning Bo, Xie Yanbo and Ganzheng-became household names.

The parents of the first generation of "Chicken Baby" searched everywhere for the manuscripts of "Tales of Wonders", and all parties sought information and consulted experts and professors everywhere, all trying to train their children into "children of others’ families". Parents who really can’t find a good way at the moment should jump ahead of their age first, regardless of the willy-nilly.

However, the selection process of child prodigies is extremely rough. Because there is no uniform standard, the assessment depends entirely on the professor’s random questions and on-the-spot impressions. For the first time after entering school, among prodigies, the highest score in mathematics is 98, and the lowest score is only 10.

Those prodigies who are good at mental arithmetic and discovering stars with the naked eye drop out of school because they can’t keep up with the course.

This group of children with an average age of only 14 years old, the head teacher Wang Huidi will help them make milk powder every morning, add a section of physical education class to develop in the afternoon, make rounds at night, and turn off the lights for the teenagers.

Even so, the public is still full of expectations for teenagers. People hope to use the intellectual advantages of prodigies to make up for those abandoned times, and then realize the "curve overtaking" of science and technology.

The model of China University of Science and Technology has been promoted. Twelve national key universities, including Tsinghua, Peking University, Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, have successively set up juvenile classes, and everyone continues to forge ahead into talents.

Wuhan University’s juvenile super-intelligent class even admitted a student, who was only 5 years old when he entered the university.

There are "genius classes" in universities. Correspondingly, there are similar key classes, rocket classes and experimental classes in high schools, junior high schools and even kindergartens. Parents of schools focus on building and manufacturing prodigies at all costs, trying their best to send their children to major universities.

In 1984, Deng Xiaoping met Ding Zhaozhong, a Chinese-born Nobel Prize winner in physics. During the conversation, we talked about the "juvenile class" of the Chinese University of Science and Technology.

Deng Xiaoping introduced the results reported to him by relevant parties: 70% of the students in the first three "juvenile classes" studied for graduate students, and some of them got their doctorates at the age of 16.

Ding Zhaozhong sincerely lamented: "This is rare abroad."

In the past 40 years, more than 60% of the graduates of the junior class of the Chinese University of Science and Technology have studied abroad, and 20% have engaged in academic research. They have been born with outstanding people, and more people have disappeared into the sea.

People only remember those shiny names.

Guo Yuanlin, Grade 78 of "Junior Class" of China University of Science and Technology, once served as the president of thunis Group;

Ma Dongmin, Grade 85 of the "Junior Class" of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, is now the special assistant to the chairman of Baidu. Her husband’s name is Li Yanhong;

Zhu Changhong, Grade 85 of "Junior Class" of China University of Science and Technology, once served as the chief investment officer of the Reserve Management Department of China Safe …

Of course, among these people, Zhang Yaqin, who felt that his grades were dragging his class back, was often mentioned first. He has served as the chairman of Microsoft (China), the global senior president of Microsoft and the president of Baidu.

However, there are still different individuals under the "overall gratifying" fundamentals.

At the beginning, those "stars" who were household names in China: Ning Bo, Xie Yanbo, Gan Zheng and Wei Yongkang, all lived unsatisfactory lives.

03

AB surface of prodigy

Ning Bo was the first to become famous. Under the over-exaggeration and over-interview of the media, public attention burned his childishness and youth, and his problems broke out most obviously and representatively.

Before entering school, Ning Bo wanted to study astronomy most, but he was asked to study theoretical physics. After all, the only three Chinese Nobel laureates at that time-Li Zhengdao, Yang Zhenning and Ding Zhaozhong-all came from physics majors, which was the major that could produce great scientists.

A year later, he found Wang Huidi, the class teacher, and said that "there is no department I like in China University of Science and Technology" and he wanted to transfer to Nanjing University to study astronomy. Wang Huidi typed a report and submitted it. The Chinese University of Science and Technology replied: "If you come, you will be safe."

Many years later, Wang Huidi, who has retired, bluntly pointed out in an interview: "China University of Science and Technology is just reluctant to give up this celebrity."

Ning Bo, who stayed behind, became silent. He shaved his head and had a strange personality. He liked to stand in the corner when taking pictures, and told his classmates that those who looked for him to play chess didn’t care about his skills, but only his reputation.

Ni Lin, who recommended him, came to visit him at the Chinese University of Science and Technology. She was thin and pale. Ning Bo suffered from the gap, frustration and incomprehension. He cried at the first sentence: "Uncle Ni, I am a live fish, and I was killed and sold."

This sentence has become a thorn in Ni Lin’s heart, and he will always think of it in the days to come. He began to think about whether the letter he sent at the beginning became the beginning of all the misfortunes of the 13-year-old child.

Ning Bo played bridge for a while and then turned back to Weiqi, saying that Weiqi can be controlled by himself, while bridge should consider luck. He hates luck, but he won’t give up any chance to regain control.

After graduation, he took the postgraduate entrance examination three times, but all got cold feet and did not enter the examination room.

In 1982, Ning Bo graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China. After graduation, he was kept in school as a physics teacher. At the age of 19, he became the youngest university lecturer in China.

The media once again abandoned him after a hype. He lived in an old building near the school, got married and had children. There were only a few pieces of old furniture in the house, and the electrical appliances were only telephones and wall-mounted water heaters.

Although he was a lecturer in physics at school, Ning Bo was still not interested in physics. He became more and more silent and became fascinated by mysterious astrology, qigong and vegetarianism.

The fiercest quarrel between him and his wife is about children’s education: never turn children into prodigies.

Therefore, Ning Bo once ran away from home and reached Hainan Island as far as possible.

From 1989 to 1991, Ning Bo took the TOEFL test three times in a row, but unfortunately they all failed.

He tried several times to go to the sea to work in companies and factories near his home, but in the end he failed because he couldn’t adapt.

Ning Bo appeared in the public eye for the last time, in a program of Tell the Truth in 1998. The theme of that program was "Comment on prodigies". Ning Bo frequently grabbed the microphone and interrupted Cui Yongyuan’s speech, and attacked the system emotionally:

"Educating children is not about doing business. It doesn’t matter if business is lost, but children’s lives are not. We can’t treat them as experiments."

Ning Bo was emotional on the stage, and the audience laughed constantly.

In 2002, 37-year-old Ning Bo saw through the world of mortals and went to Wutai Mountain to become a monk, but was quickly taken back by the school. However, a year later, he successfully converted to Buddhism, stopped being interviewed and became a monk in a temple not far from Nanchang.

In 2008, Ning Bo returned to the secular world, entered a Buddhist college as a lecturer, and got a license as a national second-class psychological counselor. At the same time, he often gave psychological counseling to parents of some children.

Perhaps the last thing Ning Bo wants is more "Ning Bo".

Not only Ning Bo, but Xie Yanbo, who was a roller coaster, studied PhD with Academician Zhou Guangzhao after graduation at the age of 15. However, due to the tension with his tutor, he transferred to the United States to study.

At Princeton University, Xie Yanbo studied under philip anderson, one of the winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977. His tutor is famous for his pride in physics, but his tutor said that Xie Yanbo is even more proud than him.

After the shooting of a professor by a foreign student in China, the Chinese University of Science and Technology was worried, so it recalled Xie Yanbo to teach at the Chinese University of Science and Technology. Colleagues said that he lived in his own world and was "mentally out of order".

Another genius is in politics, and he also returned to China because of the tension with his American tutor. The Chinese University of Science and Technology asked him to go back to school to study PhD, but he refused. Later, he wanted to work in the Chinese University of Science and Technology, but he was rejected because he was not a doctor.

He imprisoned himself and his mother in the old community of Hefei, ignorant of the world. The media kept in touch, but he just said that there was no job and everything was the same, and there was nothing to interview.

04

"prodigy" is running out.

The controversy about the model of child prodigy running a class has never been interrupted.

At the two sessions in 1999, Cai Zixing, a CPPCC member, gave a report entitled "Abolishing juvenile classes as soon as possible". He said that the juvenile class road is getting narrower and narrower, and it is time to consider where it will go.

Since then, in 2000, 2002 and 2006, his proposal has been about canceling "advanced education".

In 2001, Shanghai Jiaotong University closed the juvenile class, and the school used key words such as "promoting birth" and "pulling out seedlings to help"; In 2004, the juvenile class of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University was changed from junior high school to junior high school. After admission, teenagers must attend senior high school for one year to minimize psychological problems.

In 2009, Zhu Qingshi, former president and educator of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, said: Treat education with less interference and more awe. Gradually, the wave of official prodigies subsided, and everything returned to the original point.

People have to admit that juvenile classes are the product of an era, and most people are not geniuses.

This regrettable result makes people very anxious. In fact, it makes parents more anxious. The public is obsessed with the myth of "supernormal children" in an attempt to find the possibility of learning from it, so the wave swings in an unofficial wider scope.

The more money you spend, the smarter your child will be, which seems to be a consensus among parents. Out of the expectation of "prodigy" and "learning bully", some parents decided to "give it a try".

Some people initiated a paid "child prodigy manufacturing plan" and invited parents with financial resources to transform their children together. Some people started a "child prodigy training class", claiming to help you speed up the development of your children, as long as you give money.

Some people even start classes to train "whole brain development" to cultivate children’s "special functions", such as "sucking" iron spoons on their foreheads, blindfolding, speed reading with quantum fluctuations, listening to audio to improve their brains, and reading palm prints to measure their talents …

When prodigies are "made" in batches, everything is out of control and everything is crazy.

It doesn’t matter whether the prodigy itself has developed to this stage. The prodigy is more like a "tool" and closer to the business model in the standard sense: positioning the accurate audience (parents who are looking forward to their children’s success), laying a growth path (I am like this) and having an operable solution (paying for courses).

Every child prodigy is a knife, and the knife is cut on the parents behind the students.

Cen Yinuo’s example is very typical. In a personal profile circulating on the Internet, which is located on the title page of the book, Cen Yinuo is described as having published three books at the age of 14, and being able to write 2,000 poems, 300 epigrams and 15,000-word novels in one day, creating three brands.

According to the calculation of 2000 poems a day, even if you write 24 hours a day without interruption, you need to finish it at a speed of 90 seconds per poem. People with a little clear logic and common sense will find something wrong.

However, the video of her speech is still going viral on the Internet, and the "pyramid scheme" speech style can be seamlessly switched from impassioned to tearful. As soon as the music is rendered, the audience’s emotions can be mobilized immediately, and even some viewers will cry because of emotional contagion.

This online celebrity constitution is also a "good seed" for pyramid selling. People follow the lead and find that the little girl is behind her teacher Ji Jianjing, whose teacher is Xu Hening, and Xu Hening’s teacher is the "famous" master of success-Chen Anzhi.

The trader behind it sent a message to the outside world: "Cenyinuo" can be copied, and we have formed a set of solutions. As long as you are willing to pay, we can successfully help you complete the copy.

Selling classes, books and disciples is what "talented girls" want to do.

Marketing, consumption, routines, reincarnation, and child prodigy scams have been uncovered layer by layer, behind which are selling anxiety. The world is a circle, and everything goes around again, and everything goes back to the original point.

The answer may lie in Terman’s "child prodigy" experiment: Genius can grow naturally, but it must not be made artificially.

What we have to do is to wait for the genius to grow naturally, and not treat the prodigy as a business, so it may be possible to cultivate a real prodigy.

05

Write it at the end

Few people really pay attention to the inner world of child prodigies and rarely give them a chance to speak.

After Wei Yongkang, another "Oriental prodigy", dropped out of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, his mother Zeng Xuemei was interviewed by a TV station.

The host asked her, "Do you regret your educational methods? If you can do it again, what are your expectations for your son? "

Zeng Xuemei replied: "If I can come back, I still want him to be a scientist."

Later, the TV station went to ask Wei Yongkang, what do you want to say to your mother when things have come to this?

Facing the camera, Wei Yongkang smiled gently: "Listen to my mother", paused and said: "I don’t want to be a scientist", and then he pursed her lips: "I still want to be an ordinary person, and I hope my mother is happy most."

At that moment, without the glare of the spotlight, he wanted to say something, but finally he stopped. With tears in his eyes, he turned around and left a lonely and lonely figure for the world.

When mother heard this, she first hid her face and wept, then broke down in tears, and finally burst into tears.

That was the last time he appeared in public.

The last thing Ning Bo wants is more "Ning Bo", and what we need to do now may be how to prevent Wei Dongyi, an assistant professor in Peking University who has been "deified", from becoming the next Ning Bo.

References:

1. "Those" Youth Class "prodigies" Shantou Master

2. "Kill the Chinese prodigy" Modern Middle Class

3. The Degeneration History of Chinese Prodigy: Becoming a Monk, Bragging, Making Fakes, and Engaging in MLM, Mao Ge.

4. "The first prodigy, becoming a monk" Dongye is smart

5. "The prodigy is running out" Kitchen God

Inexplicably dizzy？ Expert： It’s not a minor problem. We should treat it in time.

　　In midsummer, some people often feel dizzy. If you don’t eat enough, you will feel dizzy, if you don’t sleep well, you will feel dizzy when you are tired, and you will feel dizzy when you are upset … … Many people think that dizziness is a trivial matter and will pass after a while.

　　Yu Xiaojun, deputy chief physician of the Second Ward of Neurology Department of Changsha First Hospital, recently told reporters that in the past three years, more than 1,600 patients with vertigo have been treated in wards and more than 3,000 patients have been followed up in outpatient clinics. She said that some inexplicable severe dizziness may be caused by diseases. If the diagnosis and treatment are not standardized, the best treatment opportunity may be missed.

　　Finding out the inducing factors can actively promote treatment.

　　Typical case

　　Miss Zhang from a foreign company in Changsha is under great pressure and always relies on strong coffee to refresh herself. Every month or two, she has to stay at home for a few days, because she always sees a flash in front of her eyes, and then the pulsating pain in her left head spreads from her forehead to the back of her head, feeling sick, nauseous and dizzy, afraid to open her eyes and move, and afraid of the light, annoying others to talk.

　　Xiao Wang is an athlete and likes to play table tennis. After playing ball recently, he took a cold shower and had a runny nose and sore throat, which did not attract attention. A week later, he suddenly appeared dizziness, nausea, vomiting and sweating, and was rushed to the hospital.

　　Expert tips

　　"Miss Zhang’s symptoms belong to a common vertigo disease, namely vestibular migraine, also known as migraine-related vertigo." Yu Xiaojun introduced. This disease often has some causes, such as fatigue, tension, mood change, poor sleep, temperature change, menstrual period, etc., and may also be caused by eating red wine, cheese, coffee, pickles and dried fruits. When there is an acute attack of dizziness and headache, it is necessary to stop pain, dizziness and vomiting. In remission, we should ensure good sleep, pay attention to living habits and avoid inducing factors.

　　Xiao Wang’s vertigo was diagnosed as vestibular neuritis by doctors, that is, inflammation of vestibular nerve and its peripheral receptors, which led to dysfunction of its function and then balance disorder. When Xiao Wang was dizzy and afraid to open his eyes, the doctor used antiemetic, sedative, low-dose hormone anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic drugs. At the same time, the doctor also instructed his eyes, hands and body to move in a targeted manner and carry out vestibular rehabilitation training. Yu Xiaojun pointed out that if the disease is not treated in time, the patient may be in a state of wobbly for a long time.

　　In addition, some factors can also cause dizziness, such as external auditory canal cerumen, foreign body, external auditory canal inflammation, etc. Trauma, infection, tumor, epilepsy, etc. Abnormal blood pressure, arrhythmia, anemia, etc. Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism; Mental factors such as depression and anxiety; Myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, etc. Alcoholism, adverse drug reactions, poisoning; High temperature, intense heat, severe cold and environmental changes at high altitude.

　　Vertigo patients can always have carsickness medicine with them.

　　Typical case

　　The dizziness of middle-aged and elderly people is mostly caused by definite causes such as blood pressure, blood sugar and anemia. Liu Dad’s dizziness was caused by a sudden cerebrovascular disease. When Liu Dad got up in the morning, he suddenly felt dizzy and walked unsteadily, and soon he could not speak.

　　After being admitted to the hospital, the doctor diagnosed that Liu Dad was suffering from acute cerebral infarction, commonly known as stroke. The dizziness caused by it was central vertigo, and the common symptoms included language disorder, angular mouth and physical activity disorder. Fortunately, in time for medical treatment, Liu Wei did not leave sequelae of stroke.

　　Expert tips

　　"The reasons behind dizziness are complicated, so we should go to the hospital vertigo clinic for differential diagnosis and treatment in time, and strive to achieve the best rehabilitation effect with the fastest speed and the best scheme." Yu Xiaojun said.

　　Once appear giddy, how to alleviate? Yu Xiaojun believes that when vertigo attacks, you should immediately sit down or grab the object next to you to prevent accidental injury caused by falling. During the onset of vertigo, it is best to lie still, mainly on your side, to prevent aspiration or even suffocation caused by vomiting.

　　In daily life, patients with vertigo can always have some carsickness drugs around them, so that they can take them when the disease breaks out, which can obviously alleviate the symptoms of vertigo. When the disease breaks out, patients should try to avoid light irradiation or other strong light stimulation.

　　Specific vertigo patients should take medicine according to the doctor’s advice, such as Meniere’s disease, psychogenic dizziness, vestibular paroxysm, etc., and should not stop taking medicine suddenly. At the same time, it is suggested that patients keep a diary of vertigo, especially those whose diagnosis is not clear or who have frequent attacks. Keeping a diary of vertigo can not only grasp the regularity of the onset of the disease, but also provide doctors with accurate information of vertigo attacks, which can better help the treatment.

　　People with severe balance impairment should be careful against accidents.

　　Typical case

　　In the past six months, Ms. Wang has been easily upset and angry, and has anxiety and poor sleep quality. When you visit a shopping mall or go to a crowded place, you will feel light and drunk, and then get better after a while.

　　Ms. Wang came to the neurology department of the hospital and was diagnosed as chronic subjective dizziness after further examination by the doctor. The disease is characterized by high sensitivity to exercise and space, lying well, and dizziness is obvious when moving. After active anti-anxiety, psychological counseling, behavioral intervention and vestibular rehabilitation, Ms. Wang returned to normal life.

　　Expert tips

　　"In addition to chronic subjective dizziness, there is also a benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, commonly known as otolith." Yu Xiaojun introduced that as long as some patients lie on the bed, they will feel dizzy, sweating, nausea and vomiting, and they can only sit and sleep. Otoliths are normal calcium carbonate crystals in the body. Due to inflammation, trauma, osteoporosis, inner ear ischemia and other reasons, otoliths fall off and flow in the inner ear with the change of head gravity, which stimulates the abnormal excitement of the inner ear and leads to dizziness. Therefore, it is necessary to restore the lost otolith to its normal position through reduction treatment.

　　How to prevent dizziness? Yu Xiaojun suggested actively participating in sports and exercising, and doing brisk walking, jogging, square dancing or playing Tai Chi and table tennis step by step every day.

　　The diet should be nutritious, fresh and light, eat regularly, eat more low-salt and low-fat foods, try to avoid foods that can induce diseases such as cola, strong tea, coffee and pickled foods, and pay attention to quitting smoking and drinking less; Ensure adequate sleep, maintain a comfortable mood and emotional stability.

　　Patients with severe balance impairment should pay special attention to the details of life, such as comfortable shoes for feet and trying not to wear slippers; Turn on the light when getting up at night, and use auxiliary devices such as walkers or crutches when walking; The residence should be properly modified to increase safety, such as reducing obstacles in the room, placing anti-skid mats, and installing handrails.

　　Changsha Evening News All-Media Reporter Ryan Yang Correspondent Huang Pei Yang Ling

53-year-old Rene Liu was born at an advanced age and separated from her husband for 9 years. The recent situation is exposed： How cool is a woman with a good figure？

What kind of woman is the most attractive?

I think it is"Age is a mystery, but temperament is invincible".

53 years old "Rene Liu, the goddess of youth.Is the most representative one-her temperament is blue, as if a woman forgotten by time, gentle and powerful.

Rene Liu’s face value is not necessarily the best, but it is maintained. An exciting "girlish feeling". This is due to her light figure and posture.

Slender arms, narrow shoulders, thin back, thin waist, long legs and slim figure.What kind of clothes can be controlled, and you can’t see the traces of time.

All sayThe figure and temperament of frozen age are the confidence of women.

She once revealed in the book,After ten years of marriage, she and her husband slept in separate beds.. They have separate bedrooms and study rooms to ensure that they can get along in the most comfortable way.

The relationship between husband and wife is not maintained by sharing the same bed, but rather by maintaining their charm and keeping the marriage fresh.

Figure not only represents beauty, but also a confident attitude and a happy lifestyle.

Many people envy Rene Liu’s natural beauty, but she has repeatedly admitted: This is allPelvic yogaCredit for.

A closer look reveals that doing yoga has become her daily habit:

Also insist on yoga during pregnancy ↓

I will still take time to practice after having children.

Pelvic yoga can improve metabolism, reduce fat and maintain muscle vitality.Let her figure be as slim as 20 years old and her face as flawless as a shelled egg.

Correct the wrong posture in the practice process, naturally keep your head up and your chest up, your posture is tall and straight, and your temperament is much younger than your peers.

Long-term maintenance of pelvis can alsoKeep the internal circulation and uterus and ovaries active..

This is why milk tea can give birth smoothly at the age of 45, and the state can be so good.

In fact, it is no secret that female stars in the entertainment circle practice yoga and maintain their pelvis to maintain a good figure and a young state:

Michele Monique Reis practices yoga at home.

Correcting pelvis, tightening muscles and promoting qi and blood.

49 is as healthy and young as 20.

Carina Lau practiced pelvic yoga.

Eliminate excess fat, straighten your back and make your temperament more charming.

You can still wear a 25-year-old dress at the age of 50

Why does pelvic yoga work so well?

Is the maintenance of pelvis really so important?

I deliberately went to look up a lot of information and found thatThe pelvis is the source of women’s youth!

Many women appeared after the age of 35. Low back pain, obesity, yellow face., are closely related to it. If you don’t believe me, you can look at these situations. Do you also have them on you? ——

The first is

Skeletal problems such as spine and lumbar vertebrae.

Sitting for a long time, bowing down to play with mobile phones, bending down to do housework with children …

lead to With chest hunchback, backache and dizziness.Is a common occurrence.

slowlyI’m out of shape, too

Thigh is getting thicker and thicker.

The ass is getting more and more flat.

The waist becomes several layers of swimming rings.

Everything you wear is rustic, old-fashioned and unsightly.

Are you still used to it with a big heart?

What you don’t know is:

Low back pain will develop into lumbar spondylosis and cervical spondylosis.

Easy.Cause more than a dozen lesions

Limb numbness, cervicogenic heart disease, and even lower limb paralysis!

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health:

The number of patients with lumbar diseases in China has exceeded 200 million.

Especially women who have given birth.

The problem of bone health is more serious!

The figure is seriously out of shape, the posture is old and ugly, and the bone problem is severe.

In the final analysis, we ignore the foundation of the human body-

basin

The pelvis is located in the center of the human body.

Upward affects the lumbar and cervical vertebrae.

Downward affects the uterus and leg bones.

Maintain the balance between bones and muscles of the whole body.

But age and bad posture habits

It will gradually displace, deform and age the pelvis.

In particular, women giving birth will increase the burden on the pelvis.

Less than 30 years oldPelvic deformation, pelvic floor muscle relaxation, accelerated aging

Once the pelvis is displaced and deformed,

It is equivalent to the foundation of a high-rise building being crooked and aging.

The bones, muscles and even internal organs of the whole body.

Dislocation, extrusion and accelerated aging will occur.

Causing frequent pain, obesity and facial aging.

It can even cause cervical spondylosis, lumbar spondylosis and paralysis!

Therefore, whether it is a high-risk group,

Or healthy people.

Whether old or young.

What needs most attention on weekdays is"Pelvic maintenance"

Keep your pelvis in an upright position and support your whole body bones.

As long as the pelvis is straight, health and beauty will last forever!

Speaking of pelvic maintenance

I have to mention that such a group of people

Their origins are very ordinary.

Some people are busy with work and sit for a long time.

Some are busy with work and housework, and they are busy at both ends.

More Middle-aged and elderly people over 46 years old

Worked hard for most of my life

Both bones and physique have aged.

Ordinary sports are not suitable for them to practice at all.

Such a housewife aged 30-65

Physical fitness is very general, and life pressure is great.

There is no time or money to maintain it.

It is most prone to the problems of out-of-shape figure and bone aging.

But the reality is:

They are all slim and healthy.

Even temperament and physique are better than peers.

Dig deep into the daily life of this group of people

Only to find out

They take breaks every day and before going to bed.

Even between doing housework and brushing your teeth

all in Secretly practice a simple set.Yoga movement

They said, pelvic yoga is recognized:

The patron saint of bones, natural anti-aging exercises

Women practice, have a good figure and look, and are not afraid of getting old.

Old people and children have practiced, and their bones are healthy and their physique is great.

They also have a mantra:

Pelvic yoga practice every day, healthy and beautiful to ninety-nine!

In recent years, CCTV has revealed secrets many times.

Magic pelvic yoga

Help many women and families.

Shape body, maintain bones and improve physique.

After that, pelvic yoga, which is deeply famous.

Gradually become known to people

Does pelvic yoga really have so many benefits?

Can ordinary people practice?

Where to learn?Authentic and effective pelvic yoga?

July 2022

In order to explore the truth behind pelvic yoga

We traveled a lot and used all kinds of contacts.

Finally found the founder of "Pelvic Yoga"-Krishna Kumari.

Her name is Krishna Kumari.

Is also called"China Yoga Queen"

I have been a yoga instructor for 18 years.

She is also a famous "private yoga teacher" in the entertainment circle.

Have coached Tamia Liu, Crystal, Iola, MiyaEqual actress

Hunan satellite TV Happy camp

Specially invited Krishna Kumari to the scene.

Describe the practice and benefits of pelvic yoga.

The stars at the scene all said:

Pelvic yoga is simple, easy to do and effective.

No matter how busy you are every day, you should take time to practice.

Expose the story of Krishna Kumari and pelvic yoga.

Krishna Kumari is an authentic Hunan girl who became attached to yoga because she had a dance dream since she was a child.

As a child from the countryside, she worked hard especially, and finally won four yoga poses championships by studying the extremely difficult yoga poses, which is the pride of her hometown.

But at this time, although she has excellent yoga skills,The figure is O-leg, and the fake hip is wide., appear short and thick legs. And his face is square and his arms are thick.

So is the body. "state of the elderly"The hunchback is getting worse, even the sacrum hurts so much that you can’t sleep on your back.

Later, under the persuasion of her mother, she was determined to improve her poor health. For this reason, I traveled all over China and even personally flew to Indian, American and Australian countries to seek medical treatment and study yoga.

Krishna Kumari therefore absorbed the knowledge of Chinese and Western medicine and yoga, and independently developed a set of Chinese and Western characteristics. "Pelvic Yoga".

She personally practiced for less than three months, and her weight fell to 90+, and her waist and hip curves were exposed, attacking the goddess. intrinsicPelvic anteversion, lumbar and cervical pain, all disappeared.The whole person becomes confident and healthy!

Now 42 years old, she is younger and more beautiful than when she was 28.

Women of the same age are out of shape and poor health because of pregnancy.

However, Krishna Kumari became popular with a group of "yoga during pregnancy" when she was pregnant with her second child, and was called "a pregnant mother who is light, flexible and beautiful".

Through this matter, Krishna Kumari realized: The most important thing for people is the health of themselves and their families.. And think of, there are many women like her in China who don’t realize the maintenance of pelvis, which is a pity.

So Krishna Kumari decided to give up his high-paying job abroad and return to the motherland to convey the essence of "pelvic yoga". Many people don’t understand her and laugh at her for being "crazy" and "will definitely regret it".

Krishna Kumari will tell you:Pelvic yoga is the gospel of women.It is because I personally understand the benefits of pelvic yoga that I decided to let more people who are troubled by their figure, posture and health know about it and practice it together.

Krishna Kumari returned to China to teach.

Now, can’t you wait to experience pelvic yoga in Krishna Kumari?

Here comes the opportunity, to thank you for your patience in reading here ~

Now all you have to do is press and hold the picture.

Just do it1.1 yuan, experience the pelvic yoga of the same paragraph of the star.

Only the top 100 people, close the channel immediately when full!

Krishna Kumari said.

There are many kinds of yoga on the market.

butIt is most suitable for China women’s physique and exercise habits.of

It’s actually-Pelvic yoga

Many people say after practice:

Regret practicing late, the more you practice, the more comfortable you are!

Because Krishna Kumari, according to the sports characteristics of China people,

The pelvic yoga was improved and simplified.

Minimize the difficulty of action.

0 basic white can also be easily mastered.

Action choreography is fully integrated into life scenes.

You can do it without a yoga mat

At the same time, the maintenance posture of pelvis is retained.

Deeply activate pelvic floor muscles

Distorted Pelvic homing

Solid and solid foundation of human body

Relieve the tension, pain and aging of lumbar vertebrae and cervical vertebrae.

At the same time, the pelvis is retracted.

Keep muscles in a tight and healthy state.

Metabolic power is greatly improved.

Stubborn fat is disintegrated.

The whole body presents a slim, compact and concave-convex state.

Integrating the interest rate adjustment method

Breathe only on the chest deep into the pelvis.

Promote the circulation of qi and blood in pelvic area and improve the internal circulation.

complexionReappear ruddy,Immunity is greatly improved.

Krishna Kumari’s students practice pelvic yoga.one weekafter

↓

Practice pelvic yoga for a long time

Metabolic rate increased by 13% on average.

Pelvic floor muscles are ten years younger.

Bone health is eight times that of peers.

come to see

Real feedback from friends who have experienced pelvic yoga.

Their changes are really great!

at present

Do you want it urgently?

Experience pelvic yoga in Krishna Kumari?

Now all you have to do is press and hold the picture.

Just do it1.1 yuan, experience the pelvic yoga of the same paragraph of the star.

Only the top 100 people, close the channel immediately when full!

Krishna Kumari said: Actually, pelvic yoga is not difficult at all!

Early Krishna Kumari discovered.

The existence of yoga teaching in China

Lack of compliance and qualifications

Many practitioners were injured.

This makes Krishna Kumari very sad and angry!

CCTV has exposed this phenomenon.

Therefore, Krishna Kumari never dared to relax his requirements.

She went all over the world for further study.

Study the knowledge of human body structure, repair principle and yoga principle.

Won dozens of authoritative certificates at home and abroad.

Over the past 18 years

She constantly optimizes and improves pelvic yoga.

I have consulted many professionals.

and I applied for nearly ten patent certificates!

At the same time Krishna Kumari has18 yearsExperience in offline yoga teaching

Help 600,000+students at home and abroad

Maintain the pelvis and gain a good figure and physique.

Every offline course is full.

Some students even waited for more than two years to attend Krishna Kumari’s class.

On the day of the real class, I was so excited that I cried on the spot.

Pelvic yoga is so popular.

But also because not only women can practice.

Husband, children and parents at home can all benefit.

Children practice to prevent scoliosis, which is common among modern teenagers.

Create a confident and generous good posture and good temperament from an early age.

Contribute to healthy development, self-confidence and generosity.

Krishna Kumari’s teacher’s baby daughter.

Temperament is good enough to be a model catwalk

I developed the vest line at an early age.

Old people at home practice, and the movements are simple and not harmful.

Strengthen the body and prevent the aging of bones

Flexible limbs, the younger you practice.

Mother Wang usually finds it difficult to jump in the square.

But I can learn this set of yoga quickly and become more and more flexible.

Male compatriots practice, get rid of beer bellies and rebuild their handsomeness.

It can also relieve the tension at work and prevent cervical spondylosis.

Krishna Kumari’s husband successfully practiced the vest line.

I learned to practice at home by myself.

Take 15 minutes every day.

For 7 to 15 days.

There will be seeds.

The bones are getting easier and easier.

Meat is getting tighter and tighter.

The more you practice, the healthier and more energetic you feel.

Krishna Kumari knew that teaching should be practical.

Be a man, do things, and live up to every student with conscience.

Help students easily and effectively

Relieve bone aging and reduce fat.

Rebuild a young and healthy state

It is the vision of Krishna Kumari University.

She firmly believes that good practice will surely yield results.

Sure enough, the students came with good news.

In order to make students master pelvic yoga faster and better, and become slim and healthy more easily, Krishna Kumari has made a lot of efforts:

1. Live broadcast of celebrity private education, answer questions and give personal training.

Krishna Kumari’s usual yoga instruction costs as much as 5,000+/hour, and she has never given a live class before. This time, she decided to appear in person and practice live, which is a rare opportunity!

2. Grasp the root of the problem (pelvis) and achieve multiple effects of slimming and slowing down aging.

Please check your five-day study schedule ↓

3.1V1 guidance+community companionship will make your motivation multiply!

Intimate yoga instructor, One-on-one help for you, to help you answer questions in the practice process in time.

We will also build a friendly community, urge and encourage everyone to persist and work together, and we are no longer afraid of giving up halfway.

Here comes the last chance-

Now all you have to do is press and hold the picture.

Just do it1.1 yuan, experience the pelvic yoga of the same paragraph of the star.

Only the top 100 people, close the channel immediately when full!

The rest of my life is very long. Let’s use healthy bodies together.

Resist the erosion of years and keep beauty and youth!

Click here to become beautiful and young together ~

Editor in charge:

＂Anti-drug 3＂ reveals new trailer, Guo Fucheng Gu Tianle and Liu Qingyun brothers oppose each other


1905 movie network news On June 29th, the action crime movie starring the director,,, and, released the "Absolutely!" trailer, focusing on the love between the three brothers of the drug lords and the break between the enemies in the film. The suspense makes the audience want to find out. The movie tells the story of the drug lord Kang Socha (played by Liu Qingyun) who has been taking his subordinate Zhang Jianxing (played by Guo Fucheng) to engage in drug trading. The new member Ou Zhiyuan (played by Gu Tianle) also has a life-long friendship with the two due to an accident, and the three are brothers. Kang Socha’s drug trafficking business in Hong Kong was investigated by the police and fled to the Golden Triangle with his team, but accidentally found that there were undercover agents around him. At this moment, it is an enemy or a friend, and he is at a loss…

The film will be released nationwide on July 6, pre-sales have started, and the roadshow is in full swing. Previously, at the roadshow site of Shenzhen Station, the high-intensity and exciting action scenes in the film were praised by the audience as "too hot" and "worthy of the strongest battle in the anti-drug decade", which made people look forward to this legendary drug war even more.

In the "Absolute!" trailer released by "Anti-Drug 3: People in the End of the World", Zhang Jianxing (Guo Fucheng, played by Liu Qingyun), who had sacrificed his life to save Kang Sucha (played by Liu Qingyun), and Ou Zhiyuan (played by Gu Tianle) were deeply trusted by the brother. The three of them were deeply affectionate, and they swept across Hong Kong and the Golden Triangle arrogantly. They imagined a bright future of prosperity and wealth while drinking and having fun. Unexpectedly, they suddenly fell into a cloud of suspicion and mutual suspicion turned against each other, making the audience unable to help but guess whether they were against each other for profit. "Now it is popular for our own people to rob our own people’s things" and "brothers have no feelings to talk about" make the tension of this conflict continue to rise. The contradiction between fierce hand-to-hand combat and thrilling drag racing continues to intensify. At the end of the preview, the three brothers even did not hesitate to shoot each other fiercely, and broke up in the sea of bullets.

　

In the tenth year of the series, "Anti-Drug 3: People in the End of the World" strives to bring different surprises to the audience. This time, it will return with a fully upgraded production, scenes, stories and lineup. The crew restored the Golden Triangle of nearly 50,000 square meters in Hong Kong, China 1:1. The real shooting was really explosive, and it showed action scenes such as car-grabbing fire, mountain and forest field battles, and heavy firepower bombardment by fighter jets, which constantly stimulated adrenaline. Guo Fucheng, Gu Tianle, and Liu Qingyun are the three best actors on the same stage for the first time. The strength interprets the brotherhood of drug dealers, which is both true and false, and makes people look forward to the famous acting scenes.

Gross margin is back in double digits, has NIO passed the most dangerous moment？

In the new energy and new forces, NIO is the company with the greatest ups and downs, or even one of them.

In this year’s Hong Kong stock market, NIO is one of the few new energy vehicle companies whose share price has fallen. Since the beginning of the year, NIO’s share price has fallen by more than 24%, the ideal share price has risen by more than 80%, Xiaopeng has risen by more than 61%, and BYD’s shares have risen by more than 12%.

Behind the weakness of NIO’s share price, a very important reason is that in the current era of increasingly fierce competition for new energy vehicles, NIO’s overly expensive approach has added more uncertainty to it.

With the release of the third quarter report, this situation has changed. In the third quarter, NIO delivered 55,400 vehicles, an increase of 135.7% month-on-month, a record high, and gross profit margin increased by 4.8 percentage points month-on-month to 11%, exceeding market expectations (10.2%). NIO, who breathed a sigh of relief, rose nearly 10% two days after the release of the financial report.

More noteworthy than the financial figures is that NIO has finally begun to learn to save money, such as opening the power exchange alliance, abolishing non-core business departments, etc. But the crisis has not completely passed, and as new energy vehicles roll into the high-end car market, NIO will also face a new test.

This paper holds the following views:

1.NIO’s third-quarter results exceeded expectations, but it remains under pressure for the long term.In the third quarter, NIO deliveries and gross profit margins achieved rapid growth. But this largely relied on the untying of power exchange services and car purchases. Those who were unwilling to use power exchange services paid less, which stimulated sales. In July and August, NIO’s monthly sales were around 20,000 vehicles. But by September and October, NIO’s monthly sales had fallen back to about 16,000 vehicles.

2.NIO began to learn to save money.NIO eliminated redundant business, driving the proportion of sales and administrative expenses down 13.6 percentage points month-on-month. At the same time, NIO is also making active strategic adjustments and measures, such as opening up power exchange services to enhance scale effect and reducing vehicle manufacturing costs independently.

3.NIO is taking a big test in the high-end car market.All parties in the industry are collectively sprinting to the high-end car market. At the beginning of next year, Ideal and Xiaopeng will have new models priced at 300,000 yuan. And before the second half of next year, NIO will not have new models on the market. In the case of already declining sales of existing models, NIO’s competitive pressure will increase unprecedented.

01 Gross margin back in double digits

Gross margin has always been the most concerned indicator of NIO’s financial reports. Affected by factors such as falling sales volume and industry price wars. NIO’s business gross margin has stayed in single digits for three consecutive quarters. In the third quarter, NIO reversed this trend, and the automotive gross margin increased by 4.8 percentage points month-on-month to 11%, exceeding market expectations (10.2%).

NIO’s gross margin returned to double digits after three quarters, not only due to the decline in supply chain costs, but also due to the return of NIO’s sales volume to high growth.

The price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fell from 307,500 yuan/ton in July to 171,000 yuan/ton on November 1. Considering that the cost of batteries in pure electric models accounts for about 40%, the decline in battery prices will naturally bring about a decrease in car costs. NIO also mentioned in the third quarterly report that the company’s battery unit cost decreased in the third quarter.

At the same time, NIO sales also returned to high growth in the third quarter. In the third quarter, NIO delivered 55,400 vehicles, an increase of 135.7% month-on-month, and the delivery volume reached a record high. The dilution of amortized costs caused by the significant increase in car sales made NIO bicycle costs 7,000 yuan lower than in the previous quarter.

Among them, in the car sales structure, the ES6 with relatively high pricing has boosted sales by changing the model. Its sales share has increased from 25% in the last quarter to 50% in the third quarter, so that the average price of bicycle sales has increased to 314,000, an increase of 8,600 yuan from the previous quarter. The cost of each car has decreased by 7,000 compared with the previous quarter, but the price has increased by 8,600, so that the gross profit of each car sold by NIO in the third quarter is 35,000 yuan, which is 16,000 higher than the previous quarter.

Although the increase in sales volume and the increase in the proportion of high-priced ES6 have driven the improvement of the company’s gross profit margin. But in the long run, it is difficult to maintain the high growth of NIO sales. The reason is that the increase in sales in the third quarter was affected by the untying of power replacement and car buying services, and the disguised price reduction promoted the release of sales. In July and August, NIO’s monthly sales were around 20,000, but in September and October, the monthly sales volume had dropped to about 16,000.

Although the high growth brought about by the unbundling of power exchange services is a short-term event, changes in business strategy are having a profound impact on NIO’s profitability.

02 NIO starts to learn to save money

At the NIO Science and Technology Innovation Day two months ago, Li Bin said this: "Yesterday, He Xiaopeng asked a media person to tell me not to invest so much money, thank you, but NIO will continue to invest in the long-term."

Li Bin’s words were also in line with the outside world’s perception of NIO. Compared with other new forces, NIO would "burn money" more. But in the end, the situation was stronger than people.

In the third quarter, NIO’s sales and administrative expenses fell by 13.6 percentage points quarter-on-quarter. The decrease in expense ratio is due to NIO’s elimination of redundant business. "NIO will carry out adjustments involving organizational and resource investment directions, including reducing the redundant personnel and institutional settings by about 10%," Li Bin said in an internal letter in November. At the same time, NIO will also make adjustments to projects that have not been profitable for three years or have not contributed to the improvement of gross profit. Dolphin Investment Research forecasts that after the layoffs, it is expected to save NIO 10-1.50 billion per year.

Not only shrinking the business, NIO also adjusted its strategy. At the end of November, NIO successively cooperated with two major automakers, Changan and Geely, on the power exchange business. For a long time, due to the huge investment and the harsh requirements of the break-even point, the power exchange service has been a drag bottle for NIO’s profits. In the third quarter, the gross loss rate of the service business including the power exchange business reached -24%. That is to say, the gross profit earned by selling cars 350 million, all posted to the losses of other business 390 million.

After cooperating with car companies, the partners can not only share the investment pressure, but also increase the number of power exchange services per day at the power exchange station, improving the scale effect. Next, Li Bin also said that the possibility of independent financing of the power exchange business cannot be ruled out.

After rationally allocating non-core businesses, NIO also has more resources in the main automotive industry. Recently, it was reported that NIO has obtained independent production qualifications. If the news is true, it means that NIO’s seven-year OEM route has come to an end and it has become the last car company in the new force to obtain independent car manufacturing qualifications.

Not surprisingly, after obtaining the production qualification, it will be beneficial to the efficiency of NIO’s business. According to Li Bin, after purchasing the Jianghuai production line, the cost of independent production will decrease by 10%, and the gross profit margin of automobiles will continue to increase, reaching 15% in the fourth quarter.

Although NIO itself has started to learn to save money and is getting better and better, it is also facing new industry challenges.

03 The industry collectively sprints towards high-end cars.NIO faces new pressure

In NIO’s plan, the goal is to be China’s BBA and dominate the domestic high-end pure electric market for a long time. From the current point of view, this goal is progressing smoothly. From January to May this year, NIO’s market share of high-end pure electric vehicles with an average transaction price of more than 300,000 yuan reached 55.8%.

Although the performance is good, it may be difficult for NIO to continue to increase its share. Due to the different operating habits and aesthetic styles of consumers, cars are highly differentiated products. Toyota, the world’s largest automaker, has a market share of only 11%.

From the current point of view, NIO’s share in the high-end pure electric market has declined. In October, NIO’s share in the high-end pure electric car market above 300,000 yuan was 45.6%, a significant decrease from the first five months of this year. Another signal of bottleneck in the penetration rate of NIO’s high-end cars is that NIO will launch two sub-brands, Alps and Firefly, focusing on the market below 300,000 yuan.

At the same time, the new energy automobile industry has also begun to sprint to the high end collectively. According to later reports, next year, Ideal, Huawei, JK and other brands will launch products on the market with prices of 300,000 yuan and above.

In January next year, Xiaopeng MPV new car – Xiaopeng X9 with a pre-sale price of 388,000 began to be delivered to users. In the third quarter of this year, Xiaopeng bicycles cost an average of 196,000 yuan. In late February next year, the ideal first pure electric car priced close to the ideal Mega of 600,000 will also be delivered to users.

Interestingly, the timing of competing for high-end cars is precisely the empty window period for NIO products. NIO will not have new cars on sale until the second half of next year, and can only rely on the current eight cars on the NT 2 platform to sell. And two of the so-called main models – ET 5 and the new ES 6 – have obvious sales weakness. The fourth quarter sales guidance given by NIO 4.7-4 9,000, and it also shows a month-on-month downward trend. Before the second half of next year, NIO will only rely on stock car sales to deal with new high-end cars from brands such as Ideal and Xiaopeng. This means that the competitive pressure of NIO will increase unprecedented.

Although the unit price of NIO customers is higher, due to the crude development of NIO in the past, the gross profit margin of NIO is only 11%, coupled with the service business that has not been able to achieve profit returns, the overall gross profit margin of NIO is only 8%, which lags behind the gross profit margin of most mainstream new energy vehicle companies. Once NIO’s high-end market position is shaken, NIO will gradually lose its room to move around in the industry.

This also means that the danger of NIO is still not over. In the ever-fierce competition of high-end cars in 2024, NIO will enter a new round of life and death test.

Revealing Andy Lau’s old love history, Wang Zuxian pursued hard and finally retreated (Photo)

　　Andy Lau once joked that the ideal lover should be a mix of Guan Zhilin, Wang Zuxian, Lin Qingxia and Zhong Chuhong.



Old photos: Andy and Wang Zuxian


　　He felt that the girl with Lin Qingxia’s face, Zhong Chuhong’s lips, Wang Zuxian’s eyebrows, and Guan Zhilin’s nose was the dream lover.


　　He added: "The longer the hair, the more beautiful it is. Wang Zuxian is the most beautiful without perming his hair; Guan Zhilin is also very good, but unfortunately it is a little dry."


　　"Zhong Chuhong is a natural beauty. When she doesn’t wear makeup, she is more beautiful than when she wears makeup."


　　This joking discussion immediately aroused people’s interest in these female artists.


　　However, it was impossible to tell which of them Andy Lau was closer to.


　　Andy Lau has repeatedly explained that "maybe he has been in this circle for too long and always feels out of place with the girls in the circle."


　　But that doesn’t eliminate people’s speculation and discussion about it.


　　And there are also many women in the circle who have feelings for Andy Lau.


　　In the early years, Ye Qianwen had made it clear to his friends that Andy Lau was an ideal marriage partner.


　　Although she and Lin Zixiang were already in love at that time.


　　Ye Qianwen received a Western education and was avant-garde in thought. She did not hide anything in her heart.


　　She thought that this person was good, so she would never hide it, and would definitely tell her true thoughts.


　　Therefore, it is not surprising that she said this.


　　In 1993, before the Spring Festival, commercial radio held a "lover’s soulmate concert".


　　Ye Qianwen and Andy Lau were both invited to attend.


　　At the scene, the host invited them to participate in a psychological test game, and the result was surprising: Andy Lau hated Ye Qianwen for meeting late, and if he could "spark a spark", he was willing to give up everything for her.


　　The joke did create an atmosphere for the scene at the time, but it caused a chain reaction from the good guys.


　　Did this game make Andy Lau and Ye Qianwen feel embarrassed or secretly happy?


　　Did the results speak for themselves, or were they irrelevant?


　　****


　　In short, after the broadcast of the program, people speculated for several days, guessing and guessing, and finally came to an end.


　　Wang Zuxian is also a star who explicitly shows his love for Andy Lau.


　　Wang Zuxian and Qi Qin once had a vigorous love affair, which ended in a breakup. Later, the scandal between Wang Zuxian and Lin Jianyue became uproar, and Lin Jianyue completed divorce procedures with his wife Xie Lingling for her.


　　But soon Lin Jianyue left her to find another love, which is old news today.


　　But all of this shows Wang Zuxian’s personality – dare to love and hate.


　　It was this Wang Zuxian, who dared to love and hate, who once publicly admitted that Andy Lau was the type of man she liked very much, but that Andy Lau already had a "rumored girlfriend" by his side, so he had to "retreat".


　　She sighed with self-pity: Andy Lau was the only man she wanted to chase but didn’t catch up with.


　　Another actress who made Andy Lau into a scandal was Zhong Chuhong.


　　In 1985, Andy Lau collaborated with Zhong Chuhong on the filming of "The Falcon Project", and they became good friends during the filming process.


　　Zhong Chuhong has a gentle personality and is very feminine.


　　He is Andy Lau’s ideal wife candidate.


　　Andy Lau once said: "She always gives people a very sweet, comfortable and gentle feeling, beautiful but not arrogant, not domineering, and her eyes smile like she can talk."


　　Zhong Chuhong has a taste of a family woman. When she is not filming, she is willing to do some housework and likes plants and flowers. Once, because Zhong Chuhong likes flower arrangement, women in the entire entertainment industry regard flower arrangement as a fashion. In order to become a standard little woman after marriage, she often asks some women who are considered good wives and mothers for advice when she is not married, and explores their way of life and the tacit cooperation between husband and wife.


　　The shared life philosophy has made her and Chow Yun-fat’s wife best friends.


　　Although Andy Lau believed that Zhong Chuhong was the top choice for his wife, at that time, Zhong Chuhong was already famous, and her love with her boyfriend Zhu Jiading had matured. He retired after getting married in 1991.

Editor in charge: Sun Jie

From car projection to headlights, why do you always want to watch movies in the car？

This seems to be a question without any doubt.

The journey is long and the driving is boring. People who want to rub hemp and play cards in an ox cart naturally have the motivation to continuously enrich the entertainment functions of the car. As one of the highlights, movies are constantly chanted by drivers and passengers.

All right, meet you. So there is a drive-in theater with FM radio and outdoor curtain, a second-best radio drama, a car mobile phone, a flat bracket, access to resources from major platforms, and a car-mounted high-definition big screen-now it’s time to compete for the screen size and quantity, one, two, three, until they are connected together.

However, with the continuous development of "out-of-car" technology (such as naked-eye 3D, VR/AR, etc.), the larger car screen can no longer satisfy people. As a result, OEMs have made great efforts to (da) follow (kai) and (nao) dong, and the "black technology" around watching movies and other entertainment projects has followed.

VR/AR stream: Audi

When it comes to black technology players, Audi definitely belongs to the first echelon.

At the 2019 International Consumer Electronics Show (hereinafter referred to as CES), Audi demonstrated its new generation of in-vehicle entertainment system, which can match the virtual entertainment content in real time according to the movement of the vehicle, and the rear passengers can experience the visual experience of the 4D cinema while the vehicle is driving.

The system is developed by Audi Electronics Venture, a subsidiary of Audi, and is responsible for the commercialization of VR technology through an open platform. In the future, the company will also provide their services to all car manufacturers and content developers. When the car is equipped with this in-vehicle entertainment system, the rear passengers can experience movies, video games and other in-vehicle interactive content in real time by wearing VR glasses.

The system can be experienced on Audi’s first pure electric product, e-tron. With the help of the Internet of Vehicles and VR glasses, when the vehicle is stationary, the rear passengers will stay in the virtual spaceship. When the vehicle accelerates, the passengers will feel the state of the rocket taking off, and all the movements of the e-tron will be synchronized in real time and mapped into the virtual experience space.

Specific to commercial applications, Audi said that the system is planned to be introduced to the market within three years.

Ideas are always beautiful. I have two biggest concerns about this technology. First, whether the content can keep up, it seems that if there are only a few films and scenes, it is easy to keep eating ash with the freshness.

Second, it is whether you will get carsick.

Window flow: modern

Also at CES, Hyundai Motor released a new virtual space touch technology, which can be used to "eat" with the window display technology, so that the car can become a small "cinema" with a slight finger movement.

In the autonomous driving concept cockpit named Autonomous Driving Interior Concept, not only the physical buttons are eliminated, but also the touch screen is eliminated. You can make a simple action of "pressing" with your fingers in the air to control the vehicle system. In manual driving mode, the window will be transparent; In the automatic driving mode, the window will automatically darken, and the surrounding conditions of the vehicle will be displayed in the form of video. When the video is projected on the window, the window will become the big screen of the car, and you can enjoy a real three-dimensional surround movie at this time.

Vehicle projection stream: Ford

Compared with the above two cool sci-fi ways, Ford’s scheme is very grounded.

It recently applied for two patents.

The first is a patent called "Portable Entertainment Support System", which will be used in the carriage of pickup trucks (such as Ford’s famous F-150).

In the patent drawing, Ford wants to add a pull-down screen and speakers on the higher crossbar, while the projector installed on the lower crossbar can turn the carriage into a mobile cinema. In addition, the TV can be installed on a higher crossbar through a common wall-mounted kit. If the truck is going to run, it is easy to remove the crossbar and store everything in the compartment.

It seems simple, but many technical parameters need to be considered in the design.

The second is a projector installed on the rear fender of a car, which can project TV or any video onto an external device. Imagine that when the sun goes down, everyone will gather around the campfire, the owner will open the tailgate of the car, and then everyone will watch movies or play video games under the stars.

In addition, the design can also provide external lighting. For example, when night falls, the projector can project light onto the table, so it is very suitable for camping or playing in the wild.

In China, car projection is not a high-frequency requirement, but with the gradual popularization of go on road trip and the increasing demand for travel and entertainment, more and more people will need this function in the future.

3D stream: jaguar land rover

It is reported that Jaguar Land Rover Group is developing a new head-up display HUD, which can play 3D images in the car. This new type of HUD can not only project real-time information like the traditional HUD, but also allow passengers to watch 3D movies safely. "Head and eye tracking technology will track users’ positions to ensure that they can see 3D pictures without wearing optical/shutter 3D glasses or providing a separate screen for each passenger."

The concept of 3D cinema also reflects Jaguar Land Rover’s confidence in the future sharing and driverless trends.

Many suppliers are also keen on the research and development of naked-eye 3D, holographic projection and other technologies. For example, Bosch recently launched a brand-new 3D display product. The display screen can generate a very realistic three-dimensional effect, which allows the driver to capture the on-screen information more quickly. When parking, the realistic display screen allows the driver to judge the remaining space between the vehicle and the wall more intuitively and effectively. In addition, naked-eye 3D can also play a big role in the field of map navigation.

These technologies will produce amazing results when applied to entertainment systems. However, like other forms, it may encounter the problem that the content cannot be updated quickly with technical means. At the same time, when the picture and content are more complicated, it is also a test for the hardware and computing power of the car machine.

Headlight flow: Mercedes-Benz /WEY

This is a school whose concept is well understood but whose technology still needs to be worked hard.

Simply put, it is to let the traditional car headlights evolve and evolve again until it can be used as a projector-that is, the application of lighting digital projection technology in car lamps.

Nowadays, Mercedes-Benz’s Digital Light technology and domestic brand WEY’s intelligent pixel headlight concept have been able to project words, traffic signs and more complex graphics.

At present, the main application of this technology lies in the safety assistance and reminder during driving. The entertainment function is just an adjunct to the icing on the cake. However, who can guarantee that a very interesting new gameplay will not be born with the breakthrough of a certain technology in the future? After all, when it comes to headlight projection, many people’s subconscious reaction is still "that can be used to show movies."

Advantages and disadvantages of watching movies in the car

The benefits are obvious. It is not limited by the region, has good privacy, can kill time (especially when the electric car is charging), and can also coax children and so on.

The disadvantages mainly focus on the safety problems during driving-it will distract the driver’s attention to some extent. Before autonomous driving is realized, greedy eyes will also be a big problem. After all, people sitting next to you laugh at pigs from time to time while watching movies and drinking coke, but they are driving hard, which will inevitably lead to psychological imbalance. Autopilot. Come on.

Of course, some people say that watching movies with an electric car will consume electricity and shorten the cruising range, so it is suspected of raising the bar.

It can be seen from all kinds of "schools" of technology that the application of technology is becoming more and more diversified-one technology is no longer specially designed for a certain scene, it can be used for entertainment, and it can also be used to improve security or information systems. With the "mixing" of technology, multiple systems in the car gradually blend into an organic whole, which is no longer so distinct.

And this may be the performance that the intelligent era is about to open.

Behind the Creation： From fire and ice to Game of Thrones

　　"The smell of people is floating in the night wind. The wolf spirit stopped under a tree and sniffed, and the gray-brown fur was covered with mottled shadows … …” This is the beginning written by george martin, an American writer, in the fifth volume of the series fire and ice, The Dance of the Magic Dragon. The fifth volume is the latest volume of this series of novels, published in 2011. "fire and ice" tells the story of the power struggle of lords and the invasion of human beings by aliens on an imaginary continent called Westeros.

　　On May 20th, the last episode of the TV series Game of Thrones, which was adapted from the series novel fire and ice, officially ended. The story of ice and fire is still in Martin’s mind, in the crazy expectation of hundreds of millions of readers around the world.

　　The Far Country

　　As a kind of fantasy novels, serious fantasy novels are widely welcomed by readers. The content of this kind of novels is built in an overhead world, some of which are different from the real world in terms of things and rules. Some of the overhead worlds are completely overhead, such as fire and ice and terry pratchett’s Dish World. Others are based on the real world, such as Rowling’s Harry Potter and Lewis’s The Legend of Narnia. These novels not only have great influence in the field of literature, but also their stories are widely circulated through film and television dramas.

　　In fact, Martin’s first famous works were not fantasy novels, but science fiction. He was born in a dockworker’s family in New Jersey. In such a growing environment, he saw ships of various countries flying flags in the harbor every day, which made Martin dream of going to distant countries when he was a child.

　　Martin was born in 1948 after World War II. At that time, Jack Kerouac, an American writer, put forward a literary concept, that is, the "beat generation", which questioned the old literary "routine" at that time. After World War II, great changes have taken place in the field of traditional literature, and literary forms have been constantly innovated. Superhero comics have also influenced Martin’s childhood. His earliest debut was related to comics, and he won the Avery Award in 1965 — — An award that is very important in the minds of comic book fans.

　　But like Martin’s characters, the author’s life has not followed the rules. After that, he began to write science fiction, and was nominated for Hugo Award and nebula Award. By 1975, Martin was already a well-known science fiction writer, and won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette for Song of Leona.

　　"The oldest of them is undoubtedly the solemn giant city built on the sacred mountain and rusty red." This is not the red castle in the palace in fire and ice, but the "Rome" of the Saint Croats in Song of Leona. Nowadays, when many readers find this book because of fire and ice, they will find many amazing contents, not only the names of Rob and Leona, but also the characters named after these two names have played an important role in the story of fire and ice. More importantly, the attitudes of different characters in the story towards death are amazing.

　　Finally, The Game of Thrones, the first volume of the fire and ice series, released in 1996, won Martin the Hugo Award for novella and the World Fantasy Award for its "Dragon Blood" chapter, which is the highest award in fantasy literature. Then several other volumes published in succession also won the literary award. The second volume "The Disputes of Kings" and the third volume "The Storm of Snow and Ice" all won the track award for best fantasy novel.

　　The blueprint of history

　　In the novel fire and ice, it is common for the main characters in a certain chapter to die in the plot, even including the POV characters from the perspective of the chapter. In TV series, the total number of dead characters even exceeds the detective cartoon "Detective Conan", which makes readers worry about it, so that technical university of munich even developed a set of computer algorithms to predict the chances of each character’s survival.

　　The death of the main character is the difference between fire and ice and the past fantasy novels, and the main character no longer has the so-called "protagonist aura". There are eight Duke Starks in the beginning of fire and ice. By the fifth episode of the eighth season of the TV series, only four people have survived. Even the survivors have experienced all kinds of pains and even disabilities. This kind of writing, which is different from the heroic storyline and happy ending of fantasy novels in the past, has attracted more readers and made the story more possible.

　　In 1990, Martin, who was unhappy as a screenwriter in Hollywood, began to write novels again. Now people know the story that a picture suddenly appeared in his mind: "A direwolf was stabbed to death by antlers, leaving a few little wolves, which were later taken to be raised by a group of children". This picture is also the plot in Game of Thrones, the first volume of fire and ice.

　　What many people don’t know is that literary creation needs not only a flash of creativity, but also a lot of accumulation. As a teenager, Martin, who was addicted to books, read a lot of historical and literary books, which is very similar to his idol Tolkien. Martin was also called "Tolkien of America" by literary circles. Many fantasy stories have realistic historical blueprints. People can find the plots in Nordic and Germanic myths from Tolkien’s novels, while what readers read from fire and ice is wars of the roses.

　　In a sense, many contents in fire and ice can be found in the history of wars of the roses. For example, the York family and house of lancaster, both sides of wars of the roses, can correspond to the Stark family and the Lannister family who fought against each other in the novel. The badges of the two families are similar to those in the novel, and the color is also one white and one red. In the civil war that lasted for 30 years in history, a large number of nobles were killed, and some families even lost their children.

　　In 2011, Martin was named one of the top 100 people of the time by Time magazine, and Steve Jobs was on the list in the same year.

　　Future highlights

　　The story of "fire and ice" is also based on the land of the seven kingdoms on the continent of Westeros. From the king to the lords of various families, a power struggle is staged. In the story, even ordinary people staged the plot of the power struggle between the king and the lords abroad on the stage, which is quite interesting. The frozen Great Wall in the north can not help but remind people of the famous Great Wall of Hadrian in Britain. The motto of the Iron Islands is "Forcible is better than hard work", and there is also the shadow of Viking.

　　Before fire and ice, The Lord of the Rings’s The Legend of Narnia and Harry Potter were considered as the three classics in fantasy literature. The authors of all three novels were British, and the last two novels related to the real world all took place in Britain. Although fire and ice has the shadow of British history, the author has become an American, and the depth of discussion goes beyond the British background itself, such as the controversy caused by Queen Daenerys’ abolition of slavery in Miriam City.

　　After the TV series Game of Thrones is over, enthusiastic readers expect the sixth and seventh volumes of the novel to come out as soon as possible, and there is a new worry. What should they look forward to in the future?

　　From the release of the first film in The Lord of the Rings in 2001 to the end of the TV series Game of Thrones today, in the past 19 years, film and TV technology have promoted the development and popularization of serious fantasy novels, and even started to influence the story process of fantasy novels. Now, when these classic fantasy novels have been put on the screen, whether people will continue to pay attention to fantasy novels in the future and whether there will be world-class fantasy writers who are not native English speakers in the future will be the next literary highlights.

Customers buy more than 10,000 yuan graphics cards online but receive bricks and mineral water？ Merchant response

　　Jimu journalist Liu Xiaobin

　　Mr. Du from Shenyang, Liaoning spent 15,288 yuan to buy a video card through the idle fish platform, but received a brick and a bottle of water. On April 10th, the staff of the graphics card seller responded to a journalist who had a dispute with Mr. Du in a previous online transaction. The money has been returned but has not yet been returned. Mr. Du’s second card purchase is still on the platform. Because of fear of loss, he gave a brick and a bottle of water this time.

QQ screenshot 20220410183726.png

　　Video screenshot

　　The video circulating on the Internet shows that at a railing with barbed wire, a woman handed a paper box from under the barbed wire, and a man opened it on the spot. There was a packaged object and a bottle of water in the box. In the video, the man said that the packaged object was a brick.

QQ Pictures 20220410184943.jpg

　　Video screenshot

　　On the afternoon of April 10th, Jimu journalist contacted Mr. Du, the publisher of the video. He introduced that he lives in Huanggu District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province. On April 2, he paid 15,288 yuan on the idle fish platform and bought a graphics card at an online store with an address in Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, ready to install it on the computer to play games. At 4 o’clock on the afternoon of April 9, he went downstairs to get the parcel, opened it in front of the courier, and found that it was not a graphics card, but a brick and a bottle of water.

QQ screenshot 20220410183839.png

　　Video screenshot

　　Mr. Du told Jimu journalist that at the end of March, he saw an advertisement on the Internet saying that a new graphics card was to be listed. It happened that he needed it. On March 29th, he placed an order on the idle fish platform and paid 15,490 yuan for it. Later, after receiving the goods, he felt that he didn’t meet his requirements, so he proposed to replace a product. He had many conversations with the seller in the middle. On the afternoon of April 9, before receiving the new express, he received the last payment of 15,300 yuan returned by the platform. For this matter, Mr. Wei, a staff member of the seller of the video card, told the Jimu journalist that the courier containing bricks and water was indeed sent through them, but there was a dispute with the buyer in the last online transaction.

　　Mr. Wei introduced that at the end of March, Mr. Du paid more than 15,000 yuan to buy a graphics card. At that time, he had clearly told Mr. Du that the graphics card "will not be returned once it is sold, unless there are quality problems", but after Mr. Du received the graphics card, he asked for a return. After the return, he also asked for more than 100 yuan less, so the two sides had a dispute. Mr. Wei said that in repeated communication, Mr. Du spent another 15,288 yuan to buy a graphics card.

　　"The price of graphics card is different every day, sometimes the price difference is relatively large, and the price loss and courier fee will need to be borne by the seller. For the first time, the loss of that graphics card was about 800 yuan, and I was angry. In addition, I did not receive the first graphics card returned by Mr. Du at that time. I was worried that the loss would be even greater and I had to deliver the goods as scheduled, so I delivered a brick and a bottle of water. " Mr. Wei said that this matter is more complicated and there are reasons for it.

　　On the afternoon of April 9, Mr. Du didn’t sign for the express delivery, and he has asked the express delivery company to return it, and Mr. Du has complained about this to the idle fish platform.