[Daguo New Village: Following the footsteps of the General Secretary] Desheng Village, Hebei Province: Planting Hope in Bashang Village

  If the nation is to be revived, the countryside will be revitalized. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China has made great strides from a big agricultural country to a powerful agricultural country, and the rural areas have taken on a new look, and farmers’ lives have become better and better. A magnificent picture of the prosperity of villages, people and industries has slowly spread out in the land of China.

  Report to the 20th CPC National Congress pointed out that "the most arduous and arduous task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way is still in the countryside. Adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, adhere to the integrated development of urban and rural areas, and smooth the flow of urban and rural factors. Accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country and solidly promote the revitalization of rural industries, talents, culture, ecology and organization. " The People’s Forum Network launched a series of reports on "Great Country New Village: Following the footsteps of the General Secretary" to tell the story of the revitalization of the vast rural areas of China. Today, the research team of People’s Forum takes you into Zhangbei County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province to see how Desheng Village can recite the "Victory Sutra".

  Desheng Village, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province is located in Bashang area on the southern edge of Inner Mongolia Plateau, with barren land and extremely cold climate. In the past, Desheng village was a well-known poor village. The villagers’ income mainly depended on traditional farming and migrant workers, and the collective economy was "blank".

  On January 24, 2017, on the eve of the Lunar New Year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader braved the cold of 1949 and came to Desheng Village with snow, visited the people in need, and worked with grassroots cadres and the masses to calculate poverty alleviation accounts and seek poverty alleviation plans. The General Secretary stressed that it is necessary to play the chess game of "precision" and organically combine poverty alleviation and development, modern agricultural development and beautiful countryside construction to achieve rich farmers, strong agriculture and beautiful countryside.

  In recent years, Desheng Village keeps in mind the entrustment, is grateful to forge ahead, and with the care and support of party committees and governments at all levels, insists on cultivating teams, developing industries and building new countryside, and gives full play to its advantages according to local conditions. The whole village has undergone earth-shaking changes in planting structure, industrial layout, living environment and villagers’ appearance. By 2022, the per capita income of the villagers in the village reached 21,600 yuan, and the collective income of the village reached 2.22 million yuan, making solid progress in rural revitalization.

  The cadres and the masses are United, with both "leading geese" and "new blood"

  The train runs fast, thanks to the headband. The locomotive of promoting rural revitalization is the party branch.

  "It is necessary to strengthen the construction of rural grassroots organizations, so that the party branch can better play its role as a fighting fortress, become the backbone of leading the peasants to get rid of poverty and get rich, and do a good job in the affairs of the villagers." Ye Runbing, secretary of the Party branch of Desheng Village, firmly remembered the entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary when he visited Desheng Village and turned it into the actual action of the village party branch.

  In recent years, Desheng Village has actively played a leading role in the demonstration of the cadres of the "two committees" in the village, placing the construction of the cadres of the "two committees", the team of party member and the team of rich experts in a prominent position. By enhancing the initiative of grassroots organizations, stimulating the motive force of the party member team and casting the entrepreneurial drive of the officers, the ability and ability of the team will be enhanced and an excellent team will be built in the urgent and dangerous big exam war.

  The Party branch of Desheng Village took the opportunity of the change of the village’s "two committees" to further optimize the team structure, and gradually selected a group of experts who went out to start businesses and led the rich into the village’s "two committees" team, realizing the combination of the old and the young, and the role of village cadres as "leaders" in leading development was further highlighted.

  The key to improving the fighting capacity of grass-roots party organizations is to select the "leading geese" and give further play to the vanguard and exemplary role of party member.

  Desheng Village has continuously improved its organizational system and assessment mechanism, carried out service activities such as "I am party member and I take the lead" and "I do practical things for the masses", and provided "point-and-order" services to make the party member team a "Depth Charge" with courage and dedication.

  The key to rural revitalization lies in people. Building beautiful countryside needs both "leading geese" and "new blood". Desheng village adopts the combination of selection, construction, education, management and use, and strives to build leaders in various fields to lay a solid foundation for village-level development and the masses to get rich.

  As soon as Xu Yaru graduated from university, she decided to return to her hometown to start a business. She used her professional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine to help the village develop medicated diet culture and health care industry, and used the new media platform after work to share her little growth in the construction of her hometown and tell the story of Desheng. In 2021, Xu Yaru was elected as a member of the Party branch of Desheng Village and officially joined the team of the "two committees" of the village, injecting fresh blood into the revitalization of Desheng Village.

  Industry-driven, breaking a new way to get rich

  The sunny Zhangbei grassland, potato greenhouses and rows of photovoltaic panels have become a beautiful landscape.

  Industrial development is the fundamental policy to promote farmers to get rich and increase their income. Desheng village insists on leading development with innovation, focusing on advantageous industries and strengthening characteristic industries, and has embarked on a new way of getting rich in industries.

  Thanks to the unique climatic conditions, Desheng Village has the advantage of planting potatoes. In order to encourage villagers to actively plant and cultivate potatoes, the village attracted Liu Guirong, who started a business outside the village, to return to the village to take the lead in developing the micro-potato industry, constantly experimenting with planting new varieties of micro-potatoes with high quality, and teaching villagers planting techniques, thus becoming a famous "local expert" in the village.

  Surprisingly, small potatoes can also become a big industry.

  In order to expand the potato industry, with the strong support of Zhangbei County Party Committee and county government, Desheng Village won the project fund of 5.589 million yuan, built a potato mini-potato breeding park and processing park covering an area of 300 mu, built 280 breeding greenhouses, and cooperated with enterprises such as Da Nong Seed Industry, Beijing Yunong and China Potato Network to carry out market-oriented, standardized and networked production and management, thus realizing the industrialization and scale of potatoes.

  Up to now, more than 180 villagers in the village have contracted greenhouses, and each greenhouse produces more than 140,000 seed potatoes every year, with an annual net income of more than 20,000 yuan. In order to further expand its influence and build a brand, Desheng people also registered the trademark of "Yufu Desheng" potato seed, which was included in the eighth batch of "One Village, One Product" list by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and was also awarded the gold medal of Xiamen National Green Expo, and "Yam Egg" became the "Jin Doudou" for villagers to get rich.

one

2

  Mini-potato has become the "Jin Doudou" Desheng Village Committee of Zhangbei people to increase their income and get rich.

  Zhangbei is rich in solar energy resources. Desheng village is 1400 meters above sea level, with an average annual sunshine of more than 3000 hours, which is suitable for developing photovoltaic industry.

  Walking into Desheng village, you can see rows of photovoltaic panels, which are called "hardcore crops" by the villagers, and it is they that make the per capita annual income of the villagers reach more than 10,000 yuan.

three

  Photo courtesy of Desheng Village Committee, photovoltaic industry in Desheng Village

  On the one hand, Desheng Village actively strives for a project fund of 4.5 million yuan to build two 500-kilowatt photovoltaic power stations with an annual power generation capacity of 750,000 kWh, and the collective economy steadily increases its income by more than 650,000 yuan each year. On the other hand, more than 2,600 mu of idle land, such as barren hills, slopes and grasslands, was transferred, and Desheng Village introduced enterprises to invest in photovoltaic power stations by market-oriented mechanism, and built a 50,000-kilowatt complementary power station for agriculture and light, with land transfer and equipment maintenance income of more than 1 million yuan. In terms of photovoltaic income distribution, Desheng Village adopts the principle of "public welfare posts+poor relief+village collective undertakings" to effectively realize accurate and differentiated distribution.

  Nowadays, low-carbon development has become one of the labels of Desheng Village. In 2022, Desheng Village became the base of the 3rd China International Solar Decathlon Competition. From superior investment and construction to independent introduction of market players, from single photovoltaic power generation to complementary mode of agriculture and light, Desheng people use their diligence and wisdom to accelerate the pace of villagers’ green wealth.

four

  Photo courtesy of Desheng Village Committee, photovoltaic industry in Desheng Village

  Besides "Jin Doudou" and "die-hard crops", villagers’ "earth nests" can also become "golden nests" for getting rich.

  In recent years, Desheng Village has begun to vigorously develop homestay tourism, relying on the advantages of key projects such as complementary light and grass, Desheng residential buildings, miniature potato parks and ecological bases such as picking gardens and flower belts.

five

  Desheng B&B creates a variety of styles to attract tourists to punch in. Photo courtesy of Desheng Village Committee

  Desheng Industrial Group was introduced into the village to invest and develop, and 139 sets of two-story new residential buildings and 46 sets of boutique homestays were planned and built in a unified way. Led by Desheng Rural Industry Company, unique homestay courtyards such as Deshengwei Homestead, Custom Pastoral Commune and Pasture Art Museum were successively built, and 42 sets of homestay sample rooms were built, so as to simultaneously develop the rural tourism industry with eco-sightseeing, agricultural science and technology exhibition, complementary agriculture and light and homestay visits as the core, and the village received more than 50,000 tourists every year.

  B&B tourism has become a new growth point of villagers’ income, and Desheng Village has been rated as "National Key Village for Rural Tourism" by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

  Today, Desheng Village has formed a development model with potato seed planting, photovoltaic, homestay tourism as the leading factor, ecological breeding, wormwood planting and other characteristic industries going hand in hand, with obvious industrial driving effect and villagers’ income increasing year by year.

six

  Desheng B&B creates a variety of styles to attract tourists to punch in. Photo courtesy of Desheng Village Committee

  Livable and suitable for business, showing beautiful countryside.Xinfengcai

  While driving the villagers to increase their income and get rich, Desheng village has also made great efforts to grasp the planning and construction of the village. In order to achieve the goal of "beautiful village, beautiful environment and beautiful rural style", Desheng Village insisted on closely combining the village renovation with the construction of green ecological homes from the planning, taking a multi-pronged approach, both inside and outside, and striving to create a beautiful countryside on the dam with both "face value" and "temperament".

  The whole village pays attention to industrial cultivation and improvement of infrastructure conditions. According to the development model of "government guidance, market operation, project traction and diversified investment", it introduces powerful enterprises and implements new construction, relocation, transformation and upgrading of the whole village.

  At the same time, around the function improvement, Desheng Village has also vigorously promoted the construction of infrastructure and public cultural service facilities, implemented projects such as main street hardening, tap water entering households, underground water supply and drainage, sewage treatment, and power supply, and built cultural service facilities such as Happiness Mutual Aid House, Desheng Impression Hall, Cultural Square, Villager Service Center, Health Room and Kindergarten. Incorporating rural greening and beautification into overall consideration and integrated design of village planning, adhering to local conditions, planting a variety of green plants, such as elm, pine, clove and begonia, which are suitable for trees, grass and flowers, has greatly improved the greening rate, and achieved the beauty of scientific planning and layout, the beauty of village capacity improvement environment and the beauty of village civilization and spirit.

  To show the new countryside, we should not only pay attention to the "external beauty" of clean environment, but also polish the "internal beauty" of civilized Suntech.

  In recent years, relying on moral banks and love supermarkets, Desheng Village actively encourages villagers to exchange points by participating in collective labor and public welfare undertakings, which greatly stimulates the internal motivation of villagers’ self-reliance; Relying on the activity of "the most beautiful Desheng" and centering on the socialist core values, various typical tree selection activities were carried out, which cultivated a good atmosphere of advocating civilization and promoted the construction of rural civilization.

  Nowadays, walking in the village, with white walls and grey tiles and beautiful roads, Desheng Village has achieved a beautiful butterfly change and the villagers’ spirit has been greatly improved.

seven

  Photo courtesy of Desheng Village Committee of Beautiful Desheng Village

  Grateful to forge ahead, set sail. After years of development, Desheng Village has successively won many honors, such as the national advanced grass-roots party organization, the national advanced collective for tackling poverty, the national civilized villages and towns, the national model village for democracy and rule of law, the national model village for rural governance, the national key tourist village, and the national village-level practice exchange base for consolidating and expanding the achievements of tackling poverty. A new socialist countryside with green ecology is moving from "planning map" to "real map". (Author: People’s Forum Research Group, written by Qu Tongyu)

Vegetable planting base ensures the supply of "vegetable basket" at high temperature

CCTV News:Recently, the continuous high temperature in southern China is a big test for the supply of "vegetable basket". At present, vegetable bases and growers in various places are actively taking measures to ensure the stable supply of citizens’ "food baskets".

Henan, a major vegetable-growing province, has an annual planting area of about 25 million mu and a total output of over 70 million tons, ranking first in the country. The continuous high temperature weather has brought adverse effects on vegetable growth. A vegetable planting base was built in Lianyun Village, Liuying Village, Yexian County, where all the greenhouses and sprinkler irrigation facilities have been opened.

Jiayu County, Hubei Province is one of the national vegetable supply bases. At present, the local area is scrambling to harvest and grow vegetables. Early in the morning, in the vegetable production base in Pinganzhou, Panjiawan Town, Jiayu County, the workers were busy and busy, grabbing the last pumpkin.

In the largest vegetable production base in Bishan District of Chongqing, the reporter saw that seasonal vegetables such as spinach and Chinese cabbage are growing well. In order to cope with the high temperature weather, the local agricultural technicians were sent to sink into the field and "feel the pulse" and "prescribe medicine" on the spot to ensure the production and supply of vegetables.

In the face of continuous high temperature weather, all localities insist on planting all kinds of vegetables. In addition to heatstroke prevention and cooling for existing vegetables, they also plant some early-maturing vegetables and increase the supply of some "short, flat and fast" vegetables.

Why is Maotai still difficult to grab a bottle under the second light+200,000 people’s reservation purchase restriction?

  From October 1st, the direct channel of e-commerce in Kweichow Moutai officially landed. From that day on, Tmall and Suning can snap up or make an appointment for this year’s flying Maotai for 1499 yuan.

  During the three days, despite the strict purchase restriction rules, nearly 200,000 people successfully booked the buying coupons of Feitian Maotai in Suning. Tmall starts a wave of snapping up at 10 o’clock every morning and evening, which is definitely the "second light" rhythm.

  Qianjiang evening news reporter learned that under the joint efforts of Maotai to increase direct sales and increase delivery, the retail price of Maotai, which is rising steadily in the market, showed a correction before the National Day. In the past week, the unit price dropped even more than that of 500 yuan (this newspaper reported in detail on September 30). However, with this wave of buying craze, market participants still have full confidence in Maotai. "In the peak season of liquor near the Spring Festival, the price of Maotai will definitely rise again."

  So, how has this wave of snapping up evolved in recent days? Moutai, which has been "hard to find a bottle" for a long time, has met the needs of consumers under the stimulation of such e-commerce purchase restrictions? Our reporter conducted an interview.

  Tmall supermarket buys twice a day.

  Show "Sold Out" before payment.

  "Every day at 10: 00 a.m. and 10: 00 p.m., I grab it at Tmall Supermarket for three days in a row. Either the webpage shows that I can’t put it in the shopping cart, or I don’t wait for the payment page to appear, which shows that the goods are invalid." Mr. Qiao from Hangzhou can be regarded as "Mao powder" and often pays attention to the price trend of Maotai. "Every year, I will seize the opportunity several times and buy some, some for later drinking, and some for my friends as a good gift."

  However, Mr. Qiao has repeatedly returned from full confidence to disappointment for the regular snapping up of the whole network. "In order to grab Maotai, I specially set an alarm clock twice on my mobile phone. Once I was driving, when the alarm clock rang, I immediately found a roadside stop, but I still didn’t grab it." Mr. Joe said.

  The reporter also tried several times in recent days. Every time before snapping up, he repeatedly confirmed that the network was in good condition and opened the snapping page on time. However, before reaching the payment page, he saw the yellow small print at the bottom "The area has been sold out".

  So, did anyone grab it? There really is. In the circle of journalists’ friends, many people snapped up. Some netizens made a high-profile screenshot of their own payment for Maotai in Weibo, which caused netizens to be enthusiastic: "How much is willing to sell relatives?"

  How many maotai have been sold in these three days? When will the buying activity of Tmall Supermarket last? Yesterday, Tmall Supermarket said that the specific data could not be disclosed.

  Regarding the situation that Tmall is still "no seconds", Tmall said: "Because the consumer demand for Feitian Maotai is really strong, although there are two waves of shelves every day, the number of consumers who snap up is really large. Although the platform has taken measures to limit the purchase of two bottles within 180 days, there is still a second light, but the sales of Tmall platform twice a day will continue."

  Suning pre-sells, and officially sells after the long holiday.

  Strict rules, nearly 200,000 appointments have been made.

  Suning.cn, another national comprehensive e-commerce bid winner of Kweichow Moutai, recently announced that it can make an appointment to snap up 1499 yuan Feitian Maotai in Suning.cn from October 1st.

  However, the sales rules of Feitian Moutai announced by Suning.cn are very strict. The first batch of Feitian Moutai started to make an appointment at 0: 00 on October 1 and ended the appointment at 18: 00 on October 7. Consumers who make a successful reservation can start snapping up at 10 am on October 8. Consumers can go to Suning.cn, official website or Suning.cn APP to make an appointment to snap up.

  The relevant person in charge of Suning.cn said that as the first batch of sales after winning the bid, in order to prevent the bill from being swiped and ensure that the cheap Feitian Moutai can really reach the hands of consumers, Suning also has requirements for making an appointment to snap up: it must become an official Super (super) member or a PP sports senior member (annual package) and a real-name certified user before September 15, 2019, and on January 1, 2019 — There was a shopping record on Suning.cn Online during September 29th (the goods were received but not returned), and the single consumption amount was ≥ Only users in 76 yuan can participate in the appointment.

  In terms of quantity, the same user participating in the activity is limited to 2 bottles per order and 2 bottles per month.

  The reporter learned from the relevant person in charge of Suning.cn that the appointment is to obtain the purchase qualification, and it is still necessary to snap it up by itself when it comes to the sale time.

  Similarly, as for the number of sales at that time, Suning said that it is inconvenient to disclose.

  However, insiders pointed out that from the current situation, the sales volume must be much lower than the reservation volume. That is to say, by 10:00 sharp on October 8, members who have obtained the purchase qualification still have to "snap up their hands" with hundreds of thousands of people to snap up Moutai.

  "Hard core" Maotai

  Become an important way for merchants to gather popularity.

  "Moutai is for drinking, not for frying." As Li Baofang, chairman of Maotai Group, said, Moutai was launched for the first time for comprehensive e-commerce channels, precisely to deepen cooperation with e-commerce platforms, expand channels, flatten marketing channels, reduce intermediate links, and strive to meet consumers’ demand for wine through public bidding of e-commerce.

  However, in the case of Maotai’s "one bottle is hard to find", many enterprises also regard the pre-sale of Maotai at a low price as a way for the company to gather popularity and increase traffic.

  For example, in addition to offering about 10,000 bottles of Moutai as a way to attract tourists during the opening of Costco’s Shanghai store, many local enterprises have similar practices.

  Some time ago, Wumart and Maotai Group also signed a cooperation agreement, and they received 120 tons of input. Wumart sells Maotai in a multi-point APP online reservation and offline pickup mode, which is orderly and without queuing. At the same time, it is also forbidden for internal cadres and employees to buy, which has gathered a lot of popularity.

  In addition, recently, Huachuang Securities also launched the practice of opening an online account to book Moutai — — After the user opens an account, the average daily capital of the account reaches a certain amount, and then he can buy 1-mdash at the price of 1499 yuan per bottle; 2 bottles of maotai liquor.

  According to industry insiders, such a "promotion" method itself is because Moutai is still in a tight stage. However, according to insiders’ analysis, as Maotai Group expands its sales channels, the phenomenon of reselling may be further curbed, and more affordable Moutai will also return.

  Our reporter Zhu Yinling Gao Jiachen

How to participate in personal pension? What are the benefits? Authoritative response

  Zhongxin Finance April 26th (Reporter Li Jinlei) What are the characteristics of the individual pension system? Why is the annual payment ceiling 12,000 yuan? How to participate? What are the benefits of personal participation?

  On the 25th, the heads of relevant departments such as the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security made an authoritative response at the routine briefing of the State Council policy. Let’s watch together.

  What are the characteristics of individual pension system?

  The individual pension system is different from the basic old-age insurance, which is enforced by the state.Personal pension is voluntarily participated by individuals.Unlike enterprise annuities and occupational annuities, which are established by employers and their employees and paid together,Personal pension is only paid by individuals.

  Generally speaking, the personal pension system belongs to the supplementary pension insurance system supported by government policies, voluntary participation by individuals and market-oriented operation.

  Jong Li, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that the personal pension system has three characteristics: First, government policy support. Encourage the insured to actively participate by giving preferential tax support. The second is personal voluntariness. That is, if you have the basics first and then the supplements, you must participate in the basic old-age insurance first. With this condition, everyone can voluntarily participate in the personal pension. The third is market-oriented operation. Personal pension contributions can be used to purchase financial products such as bank wealth management, savings deposits, commercial pension insurance and Public Offering of Fund.In other words, what to buy and when to buy are all decided by the participants.

  Why is the upper limit of payment 12,000 yuan?

  According to the regulations, the maximum annual personal pension for participants is 12,000 yuan.

  Nie Mingxi, director of the Department of Endowment Insurance of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, pointed out that this is mainly based on three considerations: First, it is considered from maintaining a moderate supplementary pension level. The function of personal pension is to supplement the function of providing for the aged. The level of supplement, on the one hand, should be combined with the level of the first and second pillars, and maintain a reasonable total pension level of the three pillars. On the other hand, it is necessary to avoid a large gap in pension levels and maintain a reasonable income distribution relationship.

  The second is to learn from the pilot practice of deferred commercial endowment insurance in the previous period. Combined with the pilot situation, the personal pension has adopted a fixed amount method, which is relatively simple, and the annual total amount has also maintained convergence.

  The third is to reflect incremental reform. The initial stage is 12,000 yuan. With the economic and social development and the increase of per capita disposable income in urban and rural areas, the upper limit of payment will be gradually raised in time to better meet the people’s needs for supplementary pension.

  How to participate in personal pension?

  Nie Mingjuan pointed out: First, the conditions for participation are relatively simple. At present, the number of people participating in the basic old-age insurance is 1.03 billion, among which, no matter what kind of employment form the employees are, that is, whether they are employed by the unit or flexible employees, they are not restricted by the employment area and household registration, so long as individuals voluntarily participate in this system fairly, and their rights and interests will not be affected when they move across provinces and regions.

  Second, the way of participation is more flexible. In terms of participation, participants decide whether to participate in the whole process or part of the year, and in terms of payment amount and payment method,In the initial stage, as long as it does not exceed the annual payment limit of 12,000 yuan, participants can decide how much to pay, which can be paid in one lump sum or in installments this year.

  Third, it is easier to open an account. According to the system design, it is necessary to open two accounts to participate in personal pension: one is to establish a personal pension account on the information platform for information recording, inquiry and service; The other is a personal pension fund account opened or designated in a bank for payment, purchase of products, collection of income, etc. These two accounts are unique to each other, and participants can open them in the national social insurance public service platform, the national people’s social government service platform, electronic social security cards, "Pocket 12333", commercial banks and other channels. Among them, through the channels of commercial banks, both accounts can be opened at one time.Participants can determine the account opening method and bank according to their own preferences.

  Fourth, investment is more convenient. Participants can choose bank financing, savings deposit, commercial endowment insurance, Public Offering of Fund, etc. independently according to different preferences, and can also combine short-term, medium-term and long-term.These operations can be completed in the fund account, without running multiple departments and institutions.

  Fifth, the collection method is more flexible. When the participants meet the conditions for receiving, they can choose to receive it monthly, in installments or in one lump sum. The commercial bank will transfer the funds from the personal account to the personal social security card bank account of the participants according to the personal choice. Under special circumstances,For example, you can also get it if you completely lose your ability to work and go abroad to settle down.

  What are the benefits of personal participation?

  Nie Mingjuan pointed out: First, you can enjoy preferential tax policies.The most direct benefit of individuals participating in the personal pension system is that they can enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state.Including financial products such as old-age FOF and commercial old-age insurance, eligible investment products that can be used as personal pensions are purchased by participants at their own discretion.

  Second, it can enrich diversified pension needs. The first pillar of basic old-age insurance is to ensure basic living, and the second pillar of enterprise annuity and occupational annuity is established by the unit and plays a supplementary role in providing for the elderly. Now the personal pension has been increased, which not only adds a supplementary pension channel for those who participate in the second pillar, but also for those who do not participate in the second pillar.It also adds a channel to supplement the old-age care, enriching the participants’ diversified needs for future old-age insurance.

  Third, it can help individuals rationally plan pension funds. After participating in the personal pension, it can be seen from the system design that the account funds are closed, and they can only enter and leave during the payment stage. Personal contributions and investment income are accumulated in the account, and they can be collected when they reach the age of receiving basic pensions. That is to say, helping participants to firmly export personal pensions is helpful for individuals to rationally plan pension funds and rationally choose investment products and investment periods.Avoid early withdrawal, thus effectively playing the role of supplementary pension.

  Will you participate in the personal pension? (End)

Ministry of Foreign Affairs: There is a catastrophic humanitarian situation in Gaza, and the international community should not allow this tragedy to continue.

On November 6, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin held a regular press conference.

A reporter asked, in the past weekend, the Israeli army attacked the ambulance fleet, refugee camps, schools and other civilian facilities near a hospital in Gaza. The attack caused heavy casualties, including children, and clearly violated the relevant conventions on the protection of civilians in wartime. China holds the rotating presidency of the UN Security Council this month. What’s your position on the violations of international law and international humanitarian law in Gaza? How will these actions that may constitute war crimes be stopped?

Wang Wenbin said that this round of Palestinian-Israeli conflict has caused more than 11,000 deaths, most of them civilians. Especially for some time, the number of Palestinian civilian casualties has risen sharply, and a disastrous humanitarian situation has emerged in the Gaza. This is a torture of human conscience and a violation of the basic norms of international relations. The international community should not allow such a tragedy to continue. He emphasized that China condemns and opposes acts that harm civilians, damage civilian facilities and violate international humanitarian law, and urges all parties concerned to maintain maximum calm and restraint, immediately cease fire and stop fighting, and spare no effort to ensure the safety of civilians and hospitals and other civilian facilities specially protected by the Geneva Conventions, open up humanitarian relief channels and avoid greater humanitarian disasters.

Wang Wenbin pointed out that the recent emergency special session of the General Assembly adopted a resolution by an overwhelming majority, calling for an immediate humanitarian truce, demanding that all parties immediately and fully fulfill their obligations under international law, respect and protect all civilians and civilian objects, as well as humanitarian personnel and facilities in accordance with international humanitarian law, and reaffirming the "two-state plan", which reflected the strong voice of the international community and the opposition of the people.

Wang Wenbin said that as the rotating presidency of the Security Council, China will do its utmost to restore Palestinian peace, push the Security Council to fulfill its responsibilities, play its role, build consensus, and take responsible and meaningful actions as soon as possible to ease the current crisis and safeguard the safety of civilians. We are also willing to continue to work with the international community to make unremitting efforts to mediate conflicts, ease tensions and push the Palestinian issue back to the track of the "two-state plan."

(Headquarters CCTV reporter Shen Yang)

"Ruan Jingtian" announces the 8th girlfriend, face-to-face gossip girlfriend Zhou Dongyu and Song Zuer

Recently, Ruan Jingtian revealed his new girlfriend on social platforms, saying that she is just an ordinary girl and hopes that everyone will not disturb their lives. However, curious netizens did not let the news go lightly, because they found that Ruan Jingtian’s girlfriend may have similarities with his former scandalous girlfriends Zhou Dongyu and Song Zuer.

Ethan had a relationship with his agent at the time when he first debuted, but as his career progressed, the two eventually went their separate ways. Since then, Ethan has also had relationships with various actresses such as Liu Pinyan, Joanna, Zhang Jinglan, Xu Weiyuan, and has also had affairs with Song Zuer and Zhou Dongyu. Although Song Zuer’s studio has made it clear that there is no real relationship between the two, netizens are still full of curiosity about the new girlfriend.

Zhou Dongyu may not be considered a beautiful woman in many people’s hearts because of her small eyes and thin body, while Song Zuer was known as "Little Lin Qingxia" when she debuted, and her appearance was rare in the entertainment industry at that time. When Ruan Jingtian announced that he had a new girlfriend, many netizens mistakenly thought Song Zuer was Ruan Jingtian’s girlfriend, and it was not until Song Zuer’s studio denied it that everyone realized that they had never dated. Therefore, everyone is full of expectations for the appearance of the new girlfriend.

In order to protect the identity of his girlfriend, Ruan Jingtian specially put on a special effect mask for her, so that everyone’s attention was focused on her eyebrows, nose and mouth. Through comparison, it can be concluded that the girl’s appearance combines the advantages of Zhou Dongyu and Song Zuer. From the eyebrows, the girl’s eyebrows are the same as Song Zuer’s; in terms of nose, it is similar to Song Zuer’s upturned nose, which is very delicate. Especially when covering her eyes, the girl’s face is more like Song Zuer’s replica. However, her mouth is not the same as Song Zuer, whose small mouth is often criticized by netizens as not atmospheric, while she has thick lips that are more similar to Zhou Dongyu, which are both cute and fashionable.

Use AI to draw beautiful women, you can’t stop! Royal sister, sweet sister, loli, everything you want is available here, click to experience now →

Responsible editor:

China Youth Consumption Trend Report 2024

[Preface]
In the past year, after experiencing a retaliatory rebound in full swing and a cautious pursuit of cost performance, consumption gradually formed a more stable new normal and new order. In 2023, consumption contributed more than 80% to China’s GDP growth and became the biggest pillar of economic growth. In 2024, young consumers have become the mainstay of driving consumption by stimulating consumption potential and cultivating new consumption growth points.
For companies and enterprises, if they can understand the trend of youth consumption, they will have the opportunity to strive for a more favorable position in the new market environment.
In the first half of 2024, the phenomenon of youth consumption was very "contrast":
This year’s young people spent a lot of money on digging and searching, while trying to roll up and looking for a sense of relaxation.
They believe that "every penny should be spent on the cutting edge", "multi-channel price comparison" and "flat replacement" have gradually become the trend, and pursuing "emotional value" can spend a lot of money on the experience.
They not only pay attention to carpe diem, but also hope to establish a boundary between life and work.
They have become more savvy, and they are both important and important in consumption decisions. …..
They are not only "sober in the world", but also "partial generous" consumers with both quality and emotional value.
When they reach a certain age, there will be a three-piece set of Chinese blood awakening, and they will be special forces in reverse travel.
They steal time during the busy working day, get rid of the smell of class in the park for 20 minutes, recuperate themselves after work, and go straight to night school to find new nourishment.
Behind the fashion trend of consumption in 2024, there is a consumer’s pursuit of experience, trying to find a new balance in life through consumption. With the emergence of new demands, new models and new trends, it also brings brand-new opportunities and challenges to the consumer market.
In June 2024, the Beijing News Shell Finance launched the "2024 Young People’s Consumption Trend Survey", in which 1,016 respondents under the age of 35 from all provinces in China participated. Through the comparative analysis of data, what changes have been found in the consumption habits of young people? How does it quietly affect the market structure?
On July 5th, at the sub-forum "YOUNG People’s Consumption" of the 2024 Shell Finance Annual Meeting, the Beijing News Shell Finance released the "2024 China Youth Consumption Trend Report" and the top ten trends of youth consumption, revealing how the young people’s consumption can be more finely graded and the new consumption format brought by the youth’s consumption power.
We found that:
Youth consumption trend 1IntelligenceBrain " Be keen on price comparisonAi mai ping tiSeeking innovation and change on the basis of pragmatism
Trend 2 of youth consumptionCheck the raiders before buying, pay attention to others’ evaluation and recommendation.
Trend 3 of youth consumptionbe in favour ofFine health care" enjoyInstant tonic"
Trend 4 of youth consumptionopposite directionfancytravel" Seeking natural and humanistic nourishment
Youth consumption trend 5petlifeFamilialization" spendIntensive cultivationmere/small child"
Youth consumption trend 6oldChinese brandrise" Young people value the high quality of domestic products.andsense of trust
Youth consumption trendSeven]Self-healing while decompressing, nearly 30% of respondents will spend for emotional value.
Trend 8 of youth consumptionGreen and recyclable lifeCheng "New fashion" Pay for sustainable brands and products
Youth consumption trend 9】 Seeking "Relaxation" Smart Home Appliances to Help Young People Get rid of "Force"
Ten trends of youth consumption】“Fancy financial management"Painless save money.Regain the sense of life control
A total of 1106 respondents participated in this survey, of which 1016 were aged between 18 and 35. Of the 1016 respondents, 47.83% were men and 52.17% were women, and the income distribution of the respondents was relatively balanced. 48.92% of the respondents live in first-and second-tier cities, 26.68% live in counties and towns, and 24.41% live in third-and fourth-tier cities.
Based on our daily insights and questionnaires, we summarized the following ten consumption trends of young people.
Youth consumption trend 1IntelligenceBrain " Be keen on price comparisonAi mai ping tiSeeking innovation and change on the basis of pragmatism
This year is a year when big brands are scrambling to cut prices. Some clothing, catering and consumer brands have launched "sub-brands" with lower customer unit prices to attract consumers. The brands that ran out in the "low price war" shouted the slogans of "lower price" and "cheaper". In addition, the price of coffee rolled from 9.9 yuan to 6.6 yuan, and catering brands embraced low-priced group meals.
Young consumers become more prudent and smart, pay attention to cost performance and actual value, and ensure that every penny can get more valuable enjoyment. This trend is reflected in daily life, such as 9.9 yuan of coffee and 10 yuan to cook a meal, which shows that young people are in control of consumption autonomy, moving towards "sober life" and frugal life.
According to the survey, 41.04% of the young people interviewed often compare prices when shopping, and 19.29% of the young people interviewed will compare prices when buying any goods. They frequently "shuttle" between major e-commerce platforms and physical stores to choose the goods with the best cost performance. Only 5.81% of the respondents never compare prices and buy the goods they need directly.
We refer to these people who are willing to use more channels to understand commodity information and are keen on price comparison, second-hand and flat replacement as "intelligent consumers". It is worth noting that although young consumers pursue cost performance, they are not "low price first". For young people, the word "cost performance" does not mean that they will make do, but look for low-priced goods without lowering quality and pursuing style.
In the eyes of consumers, looking for second-hand and replacement is a rational way of consumption that still maintains a refined life. It can not only get high cost-effective products, but also get extra money-saving fun. The survey found that when shopping, young people don’t always choose the lowest price of a certain kind of goods. 38.88% of the respondents said that they sometimes choose goods with lower prices, but other factors such as quality and brand are equally important for consumption decisions. In other words, these consumers sometimes choose higher-priced goods because of other factors such as quality and brand.
In addition, 16.24% of the respondents said that they rarely choose goods with lower prices, and they pay more attention to the quality and brand of goods than the price factor when shopping. 6.4% of the respondents do not consider the price factor when shopping, and never choose a lower-priced product in a certain category, giving priority to other factors such as quality, brand and service. Among the respondents, only 12.11% are "low-price supremacists" and always choose the goods with the lowest price when shopping.
Under the concept that consumption is not degraded, young people will start from the demand itself. According to the survey, it is the most important whether the plain goods can meet the demand. 51.48% of the young people interviewed said that when the quality of plain goods is enough to meet the demand, they will choose to save money.
Discounts and discounts are the second biggest reason for young people to choose flat goods, and 45.37% of the respondents will choose flat goods because of discounts and discounts. In addition, 43.7% of the respondents will choose the substitute products because of others’ recommendation, while 34.35% and 27.26% of the respondents will choose the substitute products because of the rising price of the original brand and limited budget.
People gradually realize that the so-called "replacement" will not reduce the quality of life, but can meet their own needs in a more economical way.
Take coffee in daily consumption as an example. In the past few years, people have turned from a cup of commercial coffee with a price of more than 20 yuan to embrace brands with acceptable taste and higher cost performance. Among them, the brand represented by Kudi Coffee stands out, and the 9.9 promotion campaign launched by Kudi Coffee has been favored by more young consumers. Since the early summer of this year, the sales of pomelo and American single products have exceeded 7 million cups, and the sales of fruit and coffee have exceeded 12 million cups. Behind the hot sales, more and more consumers tend to consume rationally, pay more attention to the products themselves and pursue cost performance.
In order to attract young consumers who are looking for freshness and quality experience, in the past year, Kudi Coffee was launched once every two weeks on average, and co-branded with heavenly god blesses the people, Spongebob, the glory of the king, Zhenhuan Chuan and other well-known IPs, covering music, sports, fashion, trendy play, culture and other fields, which resonated with young people and provided customers with a fresh brand experience.
Trend 2 of youth consumptionCheck the raiders before buying.Pay attention to evaluation and recommendation
This generation of young consumers not only make rational decisions, but also pay more attention to the necessity and durability of goods. Before consumption, they will fully investigate and compare the quality and price of goods, search for relevant information through multiple platforms, shop around, and do their homework in advance just to find out the "optimal solution" of consumption.
According to the data of the Beijing News Shell Finance Questionnaire, in addition to price information, in the consumer market where information is constantly jumbled, others’ evaluation and recommendation has become a decision-making vane that can not be ignored, affecting young people’s consumption behavior. 28.05% of the respondents said that when purchasing goods, they always put a lot of energy into carefully reading the comments and recommendations of other consumers, and 38.48% said that they often refer to the comments and recommendations of other consumers. Only 5.12% never refer to it, completely according to personal judgment.
"Shopping around" is not only the exclusive behavior of elderly consumers, but young consumers usually go through more complicated comparisons before making a purchase decision-identifying needs, searching for information, evaluating cost performance, deciding to buy and sharing shopping experience after buying. In this process, consumers not only narrow the cognitive gap and information gap by collecting and comparing various information, but also actively share their own consumption experiences on social platforms.
Young consumers rely more and more on online information when shopping. Social media content, strategy platform and evaluation content have become important sources of information, and also help consumers identify valuable consumption auxiliary information from the massive information.
This trend reflects the increasing demand of consumers for information transparency and reliability, and they hope to get more useful information by looking at the raiders. In addition, from the perspective of marketing, in addition to traditional marketing methods, enterprises can also meet the information needs of consumers and enhance the trust and influence of brands by providing high-quality strategies and evaluation content.
In daily consumption, we will try our best to make consumption strategies and multi-channel price comparison, and the platform that provides services such as trying before buying and returning for 7 days without reason is more popular. This year, budget-conscious consumers began to get used to "decentralized consumption", and people would compare prices through multiple channels, such as buying digital products in JD.COM, stocking consumables in 1688, and buying clothes and shoes at Vipshop.
With the consumption concept of "quality and cost performance" deeply rooted in people’s hearts, young consumers pay great attention to price comparison when buying goods, focusing on "you can buy expensive ones, but you can’t buy expensive ones".
According to the data of Vipshop, in this year’s 618, consumers prefer big-name clothes with ultra-low discounts. In the limited explosion activities, Nike T-shirts as low as 100 yuan, Armani T-shirts with 277 yuan, and classic BURBERRY shirts with 40% discount were snapped up by consumers.
Trend 3 of youth consumptionbe in favour ofFine health care" enjoyInstant tonic"
After 95, there were 3 kinds of health products per capita, including eight pieces of brocade in the morning and foot bath bags in the evening.recover from fatigue
In 2024, young consumers paid more attention to health preservation, showing a consumption trend of "fine health preservation and instant nourishing", reflecting the enhancement of young people’s health awareness and the demand for instant health solutions.
Compared with the previous generation of consumers, post-90s and post-00s pay more attention to prevention and maintenance, rather than just relying on treatment and remedy. Some netizens teased that "keeping the blood in good health" seems to be an attribute that Chinese will automatically wake up when he is old. This change stems from higher income level and stronger health awareness.
According to Tmall health data, 30% of coenzyme Q10 and 45% of liver protection tablets were bought after 90 in 2023. After 1995, there were 3 kinds of health care products per capita, and 30% of the money was spent on improving immunity. With the increasing number of "component party" consumers, people pay more attention to product components and actual efficacy than brands. Contemporary young people have eight pieces of brocade to protect their bodies in the morning and foot-soaking bags to relieve fatigue in the evening. They mainly stay up all night while keeping in good health, and 15% of liver-protecting tablets are placed in the early hours of the morning.
Contemporary young consumers have diversified and convenient ways of keeping in good health, and their health awareness has been continuously enhanced, which has promoted the upward development of health care industry. From 2017 to 2020, the market scale of health care products in China maintained double-digit growth, and in 2023, the market scale exceeded 300 billion yuan for the first time. According to the forecast of Ai Media Consulting, the market scale of health food in China is expected to reach 355.4 billion yuan in 2024.
Trend 4 of youth consumptionopposite directionfancytravel" Seeking natural and humanistic nourishment
46.36% arrange multiple trips every year, and the annual travel budget is more than 5,000 yuan.
From last year’s commando tour to this year’s "small town fever" and "reverse tour", the pace of young people’s tourism has never stopped. According to the survey, more than 70% of the respondents travel at least once a year, of which 46.36% arrange multiple trips every year, 26.28% regularly arrange trips once or twice a year, 17.22% occasionally travel once, and only 10.14% of the respondents rarely arrange trips due to time, economy or other reasons.
Over 40% of the respondents will spend more than 5,000 yuan on travel every year, among which the most people are in the range of 5,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan, accounting for 39.12%. In addition, 24.9% of the respondents said that they would not set a travel budget, depending on the actual situation.
Although the travel fever continues to rise, people’s attitude towards travel has changed a lot. After the busyness of special forces travel last year, this year people hope that the journey can slow down and avoid crowds and crowds. Consumers attach importance to the experience of the journey, which makes transit travel, rural investigation travel and county town travel become new trends.
This year’s "May Day" holiday, in addition to the traditional popular tourist cities, small towns have become the "new darling" of the tourism market. According to Ctrip data, the year-on-year growth rate of tourism orders in first-and second-tier cities on May 1st this year is less than that in third-and fourth-tier cities, which are smaller than the county market, and the average growth rate of tourism orders in popular county tourist destinations is 36%. According to the data released by Tongcheng Travel, during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, the popularity of travel booking in popular third-and fourth-tier cities has more than doubled year-on-year.
Both the upsurge of "reverse tourism" and the rise of "small town fever" show that young people seek the nourishment of nature and humanity during their travels. According to the survey, nature and outdoor adventure have become the favorite travel experiences of the young people interviewed, and 43.5% of the respondents pursue such experiences more in their travel planning.
The exploration of historical sites has become the second largest choice for young people’s travel experience, and 42.32% of the respondents have added such projects to their travel itinerary. 22.05% of the respondents will include "relaxing in the resort" in their itinerary, which means that for young people, a trip is no longer a simple rest, but also an opportunity to embrace nature and know the world.
On the issue of travel accommodation, young people have their own unique choice "standards".
When young people choose hotels or homestays, 44.49% will pay attention to whether the environment and decoration style are in line with their preferences, 42.03% will pay attention to whether the dining choices are diverse and in line with their tastes, and the safety of accommodation and the comfort of rooms have become the third major factors for young people to consider.
Young people’s concentration on price-related factors ranks third from the bottom and second from the bottom. This also shows that young people are more inclined to pursue personalized experience in the decision-making process of travel and accommodation, and are willing to pay a reasonable premium for unique experience, personalized choice and quality enjoyment.
The younger generation of travelers have a higher degree of awareness of the rights and interests of members, and are good at gaining rights and interests by studying the gameplay of the membership system and fully using it to enhance the travel experience.
The traditional hotel membership system only focuses on accommodation consumption scenes, while the ways for members of first-time travelers like LIFE Club to accumulate "wish beans" include hotels and other high-frequency consumption, and participating in online and offline social activities. "Wish Bean" can not only be used for breakfast, room promotion and other courtesy, but also be exchanged for more than 230 kinds of cross-border life rights, so it is favored by young people.
At the same time, exploring and linking local life has become one of the travel motivations of young consumers.
For example, LIFE Club introduces talk shows, coffee classes, reading clubs, electric competitions and other local life activities in the hotel space, which also provides incremental value for young tourists who are willing to explore.
Youth consumption trend 5petlifeFamilialization" spendIntensive cultivationmere/small child"
In recent years, under the influence of social phenomena such as aging population and young people living alone, pets have gradually become people’s spiritual sustenance to soothe their emotions and resist loneliness. Young consumers are eager for simple, accurate and lightly burdened companionship, and pets are undoubtedly the best companionship, and the trend of "family-oriented" pets is becoming more and more obvious.
According to the consulting data of Ai Media, since 2018, the industrial scale of China’s pet economy has entered a stage of rapid development, with a growth rate of 32.8% in this year, and has maintained double-digit growth since then. In 2023, the industrial scale reached 592.8 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 20.1%.
The current consumption situation and new trends of sub-categories in the pet market are also constantly changing, among which food and supplies support hundreds of billions of markets. According to Ai Media’s consulting data, in 2023, the market size of pet food industry was 190 billion yuan, and the market size of pet products reached 40.7 billion yuan.
According to the survey data, 85.24% of the respondents have spent money on pets, and the number of people who buy toys and entertainment facilities for pets is the largest, accounting for 46.85%. Pet medical care has become the second largest expenditure, and 44.29% of the respondents have paid for it. In the eyes of young people, keeping pets is no longer "living with food", they are family members and friends. Young people are willing to invest more money and energy to improve the quality of life of pets.
In addition, refined pet health management has become a new consumption trend, which has promoted the upgrading of pet food, pet products and other industries to intelligence, specialization and diversification.
Youth consumption trend 6The rise of old Chinese brandsYoung people value domestic products with high quality, strong trust and creativity.
In recent years, the trend of domestic products has risen from various consumer fields, from beauty and skin care, sportswear to snacks and smart home appliances … Domestic brands have become the choice of more and more young people. According to the survey conducted by iResearch in 2023, nearly 90% of China consumers have a positive or even quite positive attitude towards the quality of domestic products, and the status of domestic products in the minds of young consumers is still improving this year.
Why do young people fall in love with domestic products?
The survey found that good quality and low price are the biggest reasons for young people to choose domestic products, and 54.92% of the respondents said that they chose the old domestic brands with a long history because of their product quality. Trust in traditional culture and national brands has become the second biggest reason for young people interviewed to choose domestic brands. Under the blessing of quality labels, domestic brands not only carry the functional value of the goods themselves, but also become a bridge to convey cultural self-confidence and stimulate national pride.
At the same time, the old domestic brands constantly explore the balance between inheritance and innovation, and continue to innovate and develop under the premise of maintaining traditional characteristics. 42.42% of the respondents said that they chose domestic products because domestic brands pay attention to innovation and research and development, while 37.4% chose domestic products because they maintain traditional characteristics.
In addition to the continuous recognition of product quality by consumers, domestic brands combine past accumulation with young elements, and are telling China stories about quality, culture and innovation with a youthful attitude.
Behind the popularity of domestic brands is the two-way rush of young consumers and brands. The rise of China brand also benefits from its continuous improvement in quality, technology, value and creativity. At the same time, young consumers have changed from blindly pursuing brands to more rational and strategic consumption behaviors, and their recognition of domestic products has continued to increase, which has gradually expanded the brand market share.
In the catering industry, national tide marketing has also become an important strategy. Catering brands create a unique brand image and consumption experience by integrating China traditional cultural elements and modern design.
For example, Kuafu, a chain restaurant brand that has gradually become a "online celebrity" brand recently, is named after the characters in the traditional myth "Shan Hai Jing" in China, and "Kuafu Day by Day" is a popular fairy tale in China. The trademark with China cultural connotation endows the brand with the spirit of national tide, which is in line with the trend of increasing cultural confidence in China at present. Brands also take advantage of this opportunity to constantly create the highlights of traditional cultural marketing. Recently, it co-signed with the new drama "Fox Demon Little Matchmaker" of Guofeng, playing the brand mentality of "watching Guofeng drama and eating China fried chicken", which led a wave of consumption upsurge of catering industry.
In recent years, the wind of domestic products has swept through various consumer fields, which not only reshaped the shopping choices of domestic consumers, but also made the world know "Made in China" again. Not only in the field of daily consumption, but also in the manufacturing industry, domestic brands are becoming the choice of more consumer groups.
In recent years, the market share of self-owned brands has been continuously improved. In 2023, the market share of self-owned brands in China exceeded 50% for the first time, and the field of new energy vehicles continued to lead. This year, the domestic new energy market will add another member, Xiaomi SU7 "intelligent driving+intelligent cabin+ecology" will become the core of its technical competition, and realize the intelligent connection between people, vehicles and homes. In June 2024, the delivery volume of Xiaomi SU7 exceeded 10,000 units, making it a new choice for more young consumers.
Youth consumption trend 7Self-healing while decompressing, nearly 30% of respondents will spend for emotional value.
In 2024, emotions become the consumption demand of young people. In addition to material gain, young people also hope to get psychological satisfaction. According to the survey, nearly 30% of the young people interviewed will spend because emotional value heals their body and mind.
Busy in life and work, young people are facing more and more pressures and troubles. This year, creative green plants such as "burnt green bananas", "dynamic light pines" and "flying pine trees" have become young people’s "partners at work". The popularity of these green plants on desks is another way for young people to vent their emotions in their fast-paced workplace life. "Going to work" resonates with the inner pressure and anxiety of young people and helps them pursue inner peace.
While finding an outlet for emotional venting, young people are also looking for a "placebo". The relaxed and funny emotional value provided by movies, TV series and variety shows has become a daily "emotional regulator" for young people. With people’s emotional needs becoming more subdivided, many brands have launched diversified and personalized consumption scenes and products to meet the diverse needs of consumers.
The emotional value and immersive experience provided by videos and film and television dramas have become important leisure and entertainment contents for modern urbanites. Young consumers are more willing to pay for the emotional value provided by good content, and this trend has also been confirmed in the consumption of video platforms.
In the past, ordinary VIP members could meet the needs of most consumers. With the higher demand for experience at home and the deep pursuit of drama, the video platform has appeared the phenomenon of hierarchical consumption in recent years. Meet diverse needs with different membership levels and a variety of value-added service products.
Take Youku platform as an example. During the finale, the recently-hit Mo Yu Yun Jian released an off-site MV after the marriage of "Fei Chang Xiao Zhang" CP. During the broadcast of Mo Yu Yun Jian, Youku captured the audience’s voice, linked the filmmakers and quickly completed the filming of the off-site MV. This move is regarded as a new exploration of diversified services by the long video platform.
It is worth noting that in addition to finding emotional substitutes, young people are also starting self-healing actions. In 2024 # Restart Life # Related topics were hotly discussed, and many young people shouted "Raise yourself again", such as taking an interest class that they didn’t have a chance to learn when they were young, giving themselves a gift that they didn’t get when they were young, or experiencing medical beauty …
Behind the young people’s choice to "raise themselves again" is to make up for their unsatisfied interests and hobbies in childhood. According to the survey data, 37.4% of the respondents consume for personal hobbies, among which the younger people are more inclined to consume because of personal hobbies, 42% of the respondents in the 18-25 age group said they would consume because of personal hobbies, while the proportion between 30 and 35 years old is 35.04%.
This year, providing emotional value has become the consensus of almost all industries, even the fresh e-commerce platform.
Ding-dong found that in addition to satisfying consumers’ just need to eat, more and more young consumers are willing to pay for hobbies and good things to improve their quality of life. In the past few years, Ding Dong has been selling goods with similar emotional value, such as ornamental goldfish, seeds of various vegetables, hydroponic vegetables, mushroom sticks, grass dolls and so on.
According to the data of Ding Dong’s grocery shopping, every weekend, the sales of flowers in Ding Dong’s grocery shopping country exceed one million, and almost all consumers are female users, satisfying their own needs.
In June this year, Ding Dong bought food platform to sell online celebrity Shoushou crab, white jade snail, fresh wedding fish and other single products, and unexpectedly became popular on social media. Taking Shoushou crab as an example, its highest daily sales in June exceeded 10,000 copies, making it a "fishing partner" in the office of "migrant workers" and receiving enthusiastic response from pet owners.
Trend 8 of youth consumptionGreen and recyclable lifeCheng "New fashion"
Pay for sustainable brands and products. More than half of consumers are willing to buy second-hand new energy vehicles.
Young people in China are becoming the main participants in the global sustainable trend. According to the data of Credit Suisse Research Institute, the participation of young consumers in China ranks third in the world in sustainable development, which shows that they attach great importance to environmental protection and sustainable development on a global scale. For this young consumer, green environmental protection has become a new trend of life-green travel, paper and plastic reduction, recycling … has become a green and low-carbon lifestyle for many people, and young consumers support green and sustainable development with their own practical actions.
According to the data of the Beijing News Shell Finance Questionnaire, young consumers show a strong willingness to pursue the concept of fashion, health and environmental protection, and they are more willing to pay for sustainable brands and products.
This trend is not only reflected in the brand preference, but also reflected in the consumption decision. According to the survey, more than half of the respondents indicated that they would spend money on second-hand platforms, among which 32.28% thought that second-hand platforms were more cost-effective, 24.11% thought that second-hand recycling was more environmentally friendly and low-carbon, and 17.13% of the respondents would decide according to the attributes and conditions of the goods.
From different age groups, the reasons for buying second-hand products are slightly different, and the younger consumers are more willing to pay for environmental protection. According to the survey, among the people aged 18-25, 26% of the respondents choose second-hand goods because they are more environmentally friendly, accounting for the highest proportion. This is mainly because young consumers are growing up, and the concept and actions of environmental protection in the whole society are constantly strengthened, which also makes this a priority factor in their consumption decisions. With the increase of age, the proportion of consumers who choose second-hand goods because of higher cost performance is gradually increasing.
Regardless of online scene or offline life, sustainable consumption is being paid attention by more consumers, and the concept of low-carbon life has gradually taken root in people’s hearts. In life, young consumers have their own ways to practice green and low carbon. For example, ANT FOREST records energy saving by planting trees.
ANT FOREST uses virtual "green energy" to inspire everyone, so that every little bit of low-carbon behavior in daily life makes a mickle. These "green energies" creatively turn serious public welfare activities into "games" that users can participate in anytime and anywhere by applying on mobile phones and donating money by enterprises to plant real trees, restore ecology or protect biodiversity. This innovative interactive mechanism has greatly lowered the threshold of public participation, making more and more young people willing to participate in environmental protection actions by practicing low-carbon life in various ways.
Alipay ANT FOREST has more than 600 million cumulative users, among which young people are the mainstream. ANT FOREST has attracted a large number of young users to participate continuously through interesting online ways such as saving energy, harvesting energy, watering and patrolling protected areas, and participated in green public welfare actions such as afforestation and desertification control with the support of "green energy".
Young consumers began to pay attention to the energy consumption of commodities in the production process and its impact on the environment. As an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly product, new energy vehicles are among the choices of many consumers. In 2023, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China reached 31.6%. At the same time, new energy used cars with lower cost have also become a new choice for young people to buy cars. According to the survey data, 56.3% of the young people surveyed are considering buying new energy used cars, and 25.98% said they would struggle to buy new energy used cars.
Cars are the second largest consumption besides houses in life, and young people are more willing to choose "doing big things with small money" when buying used cars. How to buy new energy used cars without stepping on the "pit" has become the most concerned issue for young people to buy used cars.
According to the survey, 49.31% of the respondents said that they were most concerned about whether the price was in line with the budget, and over 40% of the respondents said that they would be concerned about whether the age and mileage of the vehicle were moderate and whether the overall condition of the vehicle was good.
The in-depth test drive service provided by the melon seed second-hand car platform conforms to the consumption habit of young consumers "try first and then buy", which further promotes the enthusiasm for buying new energy second-hand cars.
Youth consumption trend 9Seeking "Relaxation" Smart Home Appliances to Help Young People Get rid of "Force"
Faced with the rising uncertainty of the living environment, young people gradually get rid of the "sense of exertion" and turn to a sense of relaxation. Relaxation doesn’t mean laziness and inaction, but a state between involution and lying flat. In the face of pressure, we maintain a state of mind of being fast, slow and relaxed. In dressing, it is most important to give up the sense of exquisiteness and keep up with the trend at all times, and to be comfortable and casual. In the aspect of traveling, I no longer pursue online celebrity’s punch card, but prefer to get close to nature and get rid of my "class flavor".
Judging from the overall consumption trend, the sense of relaxation is also a part of young consumers’ pursuit of high-quality life. With the increasing attention of young people to health, self and family happiness, they no longer blindly pursue brands and luxury goods, but pay more attention to the practicality and durability of products, hoping that goods can bring them a sense of relaxation or separate themselves from cumbersome affairs.
Young people spend for relaxation and constantly promote the development of related industries.
In the field of clothing consumption, the mention of wearing styles such as "lazy style" and "old money style" has gradually increased. A huge amount of arithmetic data shows that in the first half of this year, the "Lazy Wind" search index rose by 400.98% year-on-year.
In the field of smart home appliances, the turnover of over 700 home appliance brands in JD.COM this year increased by over 100% year-on-year, and the turnover of energy-saving flat-panel TVs, smart wall-mounted toilets and smart leather art beds increased by over 100% year-on-year; The total turnover of multi-core categories grew at a high speed, among which household ornaments and lighting categories increased by 17.5 times and 9.7 times year-on-year, and the sales of new explosive products such as smart toilets performed brilliantly.
At the same time, the plush toy industry has become a billion-dollar new track. The White Paper on the Development of Toys and Baby Products Industry in China in 2024 shows that the adult-oriented market segments such as plush toys, cards and hand-made products have achieved double-digit growth for several months in a row.
Young consumers want to liberate themselves from some complicated affairs, their bodies and spirits, and take time out in the high-speed pace of life to get rid of the "sense of exertion" and let themselves devote themselves to hobbies or leisure activities. Smart home appliances are an important helper for young people to get rid of the "sense of exertion". They help modern people realize the "sense of relaxation" in their lives by reducing the burden of housework, providing personalized services and creating a comfortable environment, making home life more relaxed, enjoyable and healthy.
This is also what smart home appliance brands are looking forward to.
At present, Chasing Technology liberates users’ hands with four categories: sweeping robots, intelligent floor washers, wireless vacuum cleaners and high-speed hair dryers, so that users have more time and energy to pay attention to themselves and enjoy life.
Chasing technology also meets the needs of different users by selecting and creating new scenes. For example, H20/H30 series floor washers solve the problem of hair entanglement that has been bothering users for a long time, and X40 series sweeping robots realize the edge-sticking cleaning of dead corners on the wall < 1mm, and solve every clean dead corner.
Ten trends of youth consumption】“Fancy financial management""save money painlessly "Regain the sense of life control
62.6% of the respondents have purchased non-monetary funds. Popular among young peopleLive on income"
Young people who grow up in uncertainty gradually tear off the label of "Moonlight Group". There are more than 1.59 million items related to "saving money" on a social platform, and various accounting apps take turns.
On how to "save money painlessly", young people also have their own methodology. According to Yu ‘ebao’s data, after 20 million yuan, they choose to save money regularly, and after 6.4 million yuan, they set up lace savings, and remember to save a sum when they spend a sum. In addition, there are "pretending to save money" for yourself, "idol saving money" that sets saving goals according to the frequency of idol activities you like, and "saving money against gambling" …
Saving money is only the first step, and many young people have gradually moved from simple saving thinking to a new stage of investment and financial management. A few years ago, the gold fever continued, and many young people joined the "gold rush army". The survey results show that 57.48% of the young people interviewed have bought gold. In this wave of gold rush, the young people in the county are more active. More than 60% of the young people in the county interviewed have bought gold, exceeding the overall proportion.
Respondents in the county town have bought the highest proportion of gold.
After repeated education in gold, jewelry and funds, some young people have entered the "next level". According to the data of "2020 Chinese Financial Trend Report", nearly 40% of online financial users have developed the habit of allocating "three sums of money" for short-term expenses, insurance protection and investment appreciation, of which nearly half are born after 90.
At the same time, young people’s financial behavior has expanded from a single channel to diversified choices, and some young people’s investments involve bonds, foreign exchange, digital currency and other emerging fields. According to the White Paper on the Investment Survey of College Students’ Funds in China in 2023, funds are the most popular among college students, among which baby funds such as Yu ‘ebao have become the choice of 70% of the respondents, and 62.6% have purchased non-monetary funds. Among the college students who hold fund products, monetary funds have the highest holding rate, followed by stock funds and bond funds. It is worth noting that some interviewed college students began to play more complex financial products, such as ETFs and overseas funds.
In addition, a small number of college students dabble in a variety of financial management, and 2.2% said that they have purchased funds, stocks, bonds and other products.
Young people are not only more intelligent in consumption, but also smart in saving money. There are still many people who like to "live with income" and cover part of their daily expenses with the income from Yu ‘ebao.
In recent years, the market has continued to fluctuate, and everyone’s awareness of saving money has gradually increased. Steady wealth management products such as Yu ‘ebao have changed from "financial enlightenment" to "saving money" for young people. According to the data of Yu ‘ebao, as of the end of May, the per capita position of Yu ‘ebao after 00 was nearly 3,000 yuan, a year-on-year increase of nearly 50%. After 00, the frequency of saving money reached 10 times per month, an increase of 10% over last year.
Steady wealth management products such as Yu ‘ebao have changed from "financial enlightenment" to "saving money" for young people.
Young people also share and acquire financial knowledge through social software and pursue "fancy financial management", which also makes the original complicated and boring financial management interesting and easy to understand. According to Alipay data, there are 20 million users of Yu ‘ebao who choose to save money regularly, and after 6.4 million, they set up lace savings, and remember to save a sum when they spend a sum. After 00, 40% of users with small wallets, and nearly half of them started the automatic saving plan "painless saving money" to save their small coffers smarter.
People are keen to save money for planned trips, watching performances, learning English, etc. and motivate themselves. In 2023, Alipay Pocket has produced more than 20 million "small goals" to save money.
In the process of saving money, saving money and dividing accounts have also become a social way. The data shows that more than 10 million "common" wallets are created in small purses, and people use small purses to pay bills for sharing, dining and traveling. More and more young people choose this kind of money social way with human feelings and without losing the sense of boundary.
In addition, different types of money saving needs can be realized through "small purse". The data shows that it has become a new trend for couples to save money for love. Two people share a couple’s small purse, which increases by 200% year-on-year, and nearly 60% of couples spend money together. Couples deposit an average of 8000 yuan in their wallets. There is a strong demand for high school students to become beautiful during graduation season. In June, the consumption of nail salons and beauty salons of high school graduates increased by 50% month-on-month, the consumption of photography and video cameras increased by 55% month-on-month, and the consumption of gyms/dance rooms/yoga rooms increased by 60% month-on-month. College students take precautions. In June, the newly-built "timid fee" theme small purse increased by 16%, and more than 10,000 college students saved up the confidence to resist risks after graduation.
Produced by Beijing News Shell Finance
Producer: Su Manli
Column coordinator: Zhang Quanwei and Ren Jiao
Reporter: Fang Jingyi.
Data analyst: Dong Yinan
Written by: Yang Yifan
Design: Ren Wanqing
Editor: Wang Jinyu
Proofreading: Chen Yanyan
Reporting/feedback

Drumming, Urging, Steadily Controlling Boat —— A Summary of Deepening the Regular Understanding of Doing a Good Job in Economic Work under Severe Challenges

  The extraordinary year 2020 is destined to leave a deep mark on the history books.

  This year, severe challenges came out of the blue. The once-in-a-century COVID-19 epidemic broke out suddenly, and the world economy fell into the worst recession since the end of the Second World War. Some countries suppressed and escalated in an all-round way, and the external environment brought great challenges. China’s economy has encountered a triple severe shock which is rare in the century.

  This year, brilliant achievements attracted worldwide attention. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core maintained its strategic strength, accurately judged the situation, carefully planned and deployed, took decisive action, United and led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to make arduous efforts, and handed over an answer sheet that was satisfactory to the people, attracted worldwide attention and could go down in history.

  "Things are sweet and bitter, and those who taste them know; There are dangers in the Tao, and those who walk know it. " What is more commendable is that in the practice of coordinating the two overall situations at home and abroad, coordinating the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development, we have deepened our regular understanding of doing a good job in economic work under severe challenges: the authority of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental reliance of the whole party and people of all nationalities in times of crisis, the supremacy of the people is the fundamental prerequisite for making a correct choice, the institutional advantage is the fundamental guarantee for forming a powerful force to overcome difficulties together, scientific decision-making and creative response are the fundamental methods for turning crises into opportunities, and self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology are the fundamental support for promoting the overall development.

  These "Five Fundamentals" fully demonstrate the superb wisdom of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to lead China’s economic giant to break the waves, fully demonstrate the skillful ability of the CPC Central Committee to calmly cope with the risks and challenges on the road ahead, and are important epistemology and methodology for us to do all the work well.

  The authority of the CPC Central Committee is the fundamental reliance of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in times of crisis.

  At 0: 00 on April 8, 2020, on the bank of the Yangtze River, the bell of Jianghan Pass in Wuhan rang, majestic and long. After 76 days of closing the passage from Han, Wuhan lifted the control measures, and the heroic city that once pressed the "pause button" ushered in a brand-new day.

  It seems to be the most extraordinary, but it is easy but hard to achieve.

  Looking back at the beginning of 2020, the epidemic situation was fierce, and the situation of epidemic prevention and control in Wuhan was grim: the number of infected people increased sharply, medical resources ran out and protective materials were in short supply.

  No one expected that the COVID-19 epidemic, a major public health emergency with the fastest spread, the widest infection range and the most difficult prevention and control since the founding of New China, suddenly struck.

  How to curb the epidemic? How to develop economy? Can people’s livelihood be guaranteed?

  Rock-solid in the stormy waves, strategizing before the big war! General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally commanded and deployed, the CPC Central Committee made overall plans and made decisive decisions, and the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country made concerted efforts to launch a vigorous people’s war, an overall war and a blocking war &mdash; &mdash;

  On January 7, 2020, when the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Conference, he put forward requirements for doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control; On January 20th, the General Secretary made important instructions on epidemic prevention and control, requiring Party committees, governments and relevant departments at all levels to put people’s life safety and health first and take practical and effective measures to resolutely curb the spread of the epidemic. On January 22, the General Secretary decisively asked Hubei Province to implement comprehensive and strict control over the outflow of personnel. The next day, Wuhan announced the temporary closure of the passage from Han.

  It is unprecedented in human history to "close the city" to a megacity with a population of 10 million! "It takes great political courage to make this decision, but it must be done when it is time to do it, otherwise it will be interrupted and chaotic." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed.

  Afterwards, a research report published in Science magazine suggested that if the China government had not adopted the Wuhan travel ban and the national emergency response, there would have been more than 700,000 confirmed cases outside Wuhan by February 19, 2020. Yuri Kulintsev, an expert of the Russian Council for International Affairs, commented that it was China’s courageous decision that "won time for the country and the international community and avoided the uncontrolled spread of the virus in the first few months".

  On January 25th, 2020, on the first day of the first lunar month, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee meeting, which re-studied, re-deployed and re-mobilized the epidemic prevention and control work, made clear the general requirements of "firm confidence, helping each other in the same boat, scientific prevention and control, and precise policy making", decided to set up a central leading group to deal with the epidemic, sent a central guiding group, and asked the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council to give full play to its coordinating role.

  Epidemic is the command, and prevention and control is the responsibility.

  Give the order, the three armed forces are brave! More than 4.6 million grass-roots party organizations acted quickly, and more than 90 million party member rushed ahead, making party flag fly high in the front line of the epidemic prevention and control struggle.

  The shortest time, the fastest speed, the formation of a unified command, comprehensive deployment, three-dimensional prevention and control of the strategic layout, effectively curbed the spread of the epidemic, effectively changed the dangerous process of virus transmission.

  In order to reduce the flow of people and block the spread of the virus, China has extended the Spring Festival holiday. However, every day after the holiday, the GDP will lose 150 billion yuan. The epidemic should be controlled to death and the economy should be revitalized. At both ends of the scale, the weight is like a mountain. How to coordinate the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development has become a new challenge.

  "Areas where the epidemic situation is particularly serious should concentrate on the prevention and control of the epidemic situation, and other areas should do a good job in reform, development and stability while doing a good job in prevention and control";

  "It is necessary to establish an economic and social operation order that is compatible with the prevention and control of the epidemic, promote the resumption of work and production in an orderly manner, and make the flow of people, logistics and capital turn in an orderly manner to smooth the economic and social cycle";

  "We must persist in accelerating the comprehensive recovery of production and living order in the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation, solve the difficulties and problems faced by the resumption of work and production, strive to minimize the losses caused by the epidemic situation, and ensure the realization of the goal and task of building a well-off society in an all-round way and fighting poverty in a decisive battle" &hellip; &hellip;

  Grasp prevention and control on one hand and development on the other! The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader took the overall situation into consideration and made scientific decisions, leading the great ship "China" to break the waves.

  It took more than one month to initially curb the spread of the epidemic, about two months to control the daily new cases in the local area within single digits, and about three months to achieve decisive results in the defense of Wuhan and Hubei, and then successively fought several wars of mass epidemic annihilation in local areas, winning a major strategic achievement in the national anti-epidemic struggle &hellip; &hellip; Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we have created another heroic feat in the history of human struggle against diseases.

  In April 2020, the growth rate of added value of industrial enterprises above designated size turned positive; In May, the growth rate of service industry turned positive, and in June, the growth rate of foreign trade import and export turned positive &hellip; &hellip; Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China will take the lead in controlling the epidemic, resuming work and production, and turning economic growth from negative to positive, becoming the only major economy in the world to achieve positive economic growth in 2020.

  Hit the storm, the mainstay. Practice has once again proved that the authority of the CPC Central Committee is the fundamental reliance of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in times of crisis. Leadership is the most critical condition at a major historical juncture and before a major test, and the judgment, decision-making power and action of the CPC Central Committee play a decisive role. As long as we unswervingly uphold the party’s leadership, unswervingly safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee, and closely unite all the people around the party, we will certainly be able to overcome all difficulties and obstacles, ride the wind and waves, and forge ahead bravely.

  The supremacy of the people is the fundamental prerequisite for making a correct choice.

  "This is our country. First of all, grasping human life is the first precious thing!" Looking back on the course of anti-epidemic, Zhong Nanshan, winner of "Republic Medal", touched countless audiences with his sincere words in "The First Lesson of School Opening".

  In response to a major crisis that is rare in history, the position determines the direction and the priority of action. The sudden epidemic has made it difficult for policy makers all over the world to choose: to protect their lives first or to take care of their livelihood first? Protect the people’s interests first, or other interests first?

  "People’s lives are more important than Mount Tai! As long as it is responsible for people’s lives, then whatever the cost and consequences, we must bear it "&hellip; &hellip; At a critical juncture, the words of the Supreme Leader General Secretary were categorical and hit the floor, showing the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s clear attitude towards the people.

  People first, life first! In order to protect every life with all our strength, we go all out regardless of cost.

  In late January, 2020, the analysis and evaluation of critically ill cases found that ECMO (artificial membrane Lung) could win valuable time for the rescue of critically ill patients.

  "At all costs, let patients use the best equipment." The request of the Supreme Leader General Secretary turned into a sleepless action, and about a quarter of the country’s "life-saving artifacts" ECMO quickly concentrated in Hubei. Some doctors have come up with such a bill: ECMO starts at 50,000 yuan, and it costs 20,000 yuan a day, and the medical expenses are all borne by the government.

  The per capita medical expenses of diagnosed patients in China are about 23,000 yuan, the per capita medical expenses of critically ill patients exceed 150,000 yuan, and the medical expenses of some critically ill patients reach hundreds of thousands or even millions of yuan, all of which are borne by the state. When the epidemic situation is still unclear and the scale of treatment expenses is unpredictable, the relevant departments make it clear that after the medical expenses incurred by patients are paid in accordance with the regulations, the personal burden will be subsidized by the finance to ensure that they will not be affected by the expenses &hellip; &hellip; All these vividly show that in the value sequence of the party and the government, people’s lives are always priceless and supreme.

  "It worked!" At 20: 15 on March 21st, 2020, the ICU ward in pulmonary hospital was filled with cheers. Previously, a 70-year-old critically ill patient was in shock, and the hope of successful rescue was only 5%. It is for this 5% hope that 12 experts from six provinces joined hands to adopt various treatment schemes, which simply pulled the patients back from the hands of death.

  "Don’t give up one!" From a baby born 30 hours to a 108-year-old man, every life is fully protected. In Hubei, the main battlefield of the "epidemic", more than 3,000 COVID-19 patients over 80 years old and over 100 years old were successfully cured.

  People first, life first! In the face of the historical test, we have embarked on an optimal path of first controlling the epidemic, then returning to work partially, and then returning to work comprehensively.

  Horizontal to the edge and vertical to the end, more than 4 million community workers across the country are on duty in 650,000 urban and rural communities day and night, weaving a large network of joint prevention and control. By taking strong prevention and control measures, China has better controlled the epidemic, reduced millions of infections and saved a large number of compatriots’ lives. "The fundamental attribute of socialism in China is that in a crisis or emergency, people’s well-being takes precedence over profits." A foreign political scientist commented like this.

  The epidemic prevention is not relaxed, and the return to work is spring. Under the premise of ensuring that the epidemic prevention and control is in place, enterprises and institutions in non-epidemic prevention and control key areas have resumed work and production. More than 6,000 workers have arrived at their posts, and the Shenzhen-China Passage has resumed work across the board; Yiwu, the "world commodity capital", reopened for only half a month, and the express delivery volume returned to the average level in 2019 &hellip; &hellip; By March 13, 2020, except Hubei, the average operating rate of industrial enterprises above designated size exceeded 95%, and the average re-employment rate of enterprise personnel reached 80%.

  Investment is accelerating, consumption is picking up, import and export are growing steadily, restaurants are crowded, and stations and docks are getting busy &hellip; &hellip; With the phased results of epidemic prevention and control further consolidated, China has accelerated the comprehensive recovery of production and life order in the prevention and control of normalized epidemic, the economic operation has recovered steadily, and the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security has continued to increase &mdash; &mdash;

  The goal and task of getting rid of poverty in the new era was completed as scheduled.

  Fiscal and tax support, employment poverty alleviation, ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation &hellip; &hellip; All localities have overcome the impact of the epidemic and helped poor areas to remove their poor hats and roots. On November 23, 2020, Guizhou Province announced that the remaining nine poverty-stricken counties in the province had withdrawn from the poverty-stricken county sequence. So far, all the 832 poverty-stricken counties in China have taken off their hats, and all the poor people in rural areas have been lifted out of poverty under the current standards, which has achieved a major victory that has made the world sit up and take notice.

  People’s livelihood is strongly guaranteed.

  The bottom line is held &mdash; &mdash; From ensuring the supply of medical and living materials, to ensuring the supply of "vegetable basket" and "rice bag", and then to strengthening the protection of people in need, the basic livelihood security has not diminished.

  The rice bowl is stable &mdash; &mdash; We will continue to implement the employment priority strategy. In the first 11 months of 2020, 10.99 million new jobs will be created in cities and towns across the country, achieving 122.1% of the annual target tasks.

  The income is higher &mdash; &mdash; In the first three quarters of 2020, the per capita disposable income of the national residents increased by 0.6% year-on-year after deducting the price factor, achieving a change from negative to positive, and the annual income growth of residents and economic growth were basically synchronized; The basic pension for retirees will increase by another 5%, and the "old age" will be more emboldened.

  Life is better &mdash; &mdash; In the first 11 months of 2020, nearly 40,000 old urban communities were rebuilt nationwide, benefiting more than 7.25 million households, and "living and living" covered more families; The education department has made efforts to promote the construction and expansion of public kindergartens in various places, and the "early childhood education" has received institutional support.

  The supremacy of the people has enabled us to successfully avoid the risks of economic shutdown and social disorder, ensure the successful conclusion of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, and the victory of building a well-off society in an all-round way is in sight, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has taken a new step forward.

  The people are the country, and the country is better. Practice has once again proved that the people first is the fundamental prerequisite for making the right choice. Our party always represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, insists on building the party for the public and governing for the people, and insists on the supremacy of people and life in the face of major epidemics. As long as we always have the people in mind and always put the people’s interests in the highest position, we will certainly be able to make correct decisions, determine the best path, and rely on the people to overcome all difficulties and obstacles.

  Institutional advantage is the fundamental guarantee to form a powerful force to overcome the difficulties together.

  On January 25, 2020, 8 million; On February 29th, 116 million &hellip; &hellip; In just 35 days, the daily output of masks in China has increased by about 13.5 times, which reflects the powerful ability and complete system made in China, and also shows the institutional advantage of concentrating our efforts on major events.

  A strong wind knows the grass. To measure whether a country’s system is successful or not, an important aspect is to see whether it can command all directions and organize all parties to jointly deal with major risk challenges.

  China’s socialist system has extraordinary organizational mobilization ability, overall coordination ability and implementation ability, and can give full play to the unique advantages of concentrating on doing great things, difficult things and urgent things. In the face of great disasters, we are United in strength and fearless in times of crisis, persist in giving full play to the political advantages of the party’s leadership and China’s socialist system, coordinate and mobilize the forces of all localities, departments and fields, and gather a strong joint force to overcome difficulties.

  Relying on institutional advantages, we have withstood the stress test in the face of the epidemic.

  Wuhan is in a hurry! At this critical juncture, China has launched an unprecedented life rescue &mdash; &mdash;

  Expand the bed! In more than 10 days, 40,000 builders and thousands of equipment worked around the clock to build the Volcano Mountain Hospital and Thunder God Mountain hospital, to rebuild 16 shelter hospitals on a large scale, and to quickly open more than 600 centralized isolation points.

  Increase manpower! Each medical team was completed within an average of 2 hours from receiving instructions to setting up. More than 40,000 angels in white went on a retrograde expedition, and 10% of the country’s critically ill medical staff gathered in Wuhan. "Angel White", "Olive Green", "Guardian Blue" and "Volunteer Red" are rapidly assembled, and 19 provinces support 16 cities in Hubei Province except Wuhan with counterpart support.

  Transfer materials! At Wuhan Tianhe International Airport, various types of aircraft frequently take off and land. At the busiest time, there is a domestic transport every 3 minutes &mdash; 20 large transport planes arrived.

  Race against the time and fight against the disease, with the command of the CPC Central Committee, the "China Speed" is once again in generate, and the supply of medical resources and materials has been improved by leaps and bounds from shortage to dynamic balance in the shortest time. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization, said with emotion: "I have never seen such mobilization in my life!" Some foreign scholars have commented: "The China system is strategic, overall, forward-looking and has the ability to mobilize national resources, which is unmatched by other systems."

  Relying on institutional advantages, we have vigorously promoted the resumption of work and production, and smoothed the economic and social cycle.

  It’s freezing outside, but it’s steaming in Lenovo’s smart workshop in Wuhan Optics Valley. On average, one mobile phone or tablet computer goes offline every second. In March 2020, the factory opened, and it resumed production in April. In June, the automatic assembly line of the Internet of Things was put into production, and in September, the 5G folding screen mobile phone was off the assembly line & HELIP; &hellip; The factory that stopped production for a short time ran out of the production "acceleration" with all its strength.

  Mobilize employment, coordinate funds, and organize special chartered train & HELIP; &hellip; In the face of various demands in a special period, various regions and departments responded quickly and cooperated closely, so that people flow, logistics and capital flow turned in an orderly manner and the economic and social cycle was smoother.

  "After major strategic achievements have been made in epidemic prevention and control, we will further give play to the advantages of the new national system, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and successfully realize the resumption of production in the entire industrial chain." Liu Yuanchun, vice president of China Renmin University, said.

  "Stabilize economy, promote development, fight epidemic situation, fight flood peak, turn crisis into emergency response &hellip; &hellip; &lsquo; Thirteenth Five-Year Plan &rsquo; During the period, in the face of a series of severe tests, we insisted on a national chess game and concentrated on doing big things, so that we could turn crises into opportunities and be reborn again and again. " Zhang Zhanbin, Dean of the School of Marxism of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), commented.

  Ordering the people by the state is the right system. Practice has once again proved that as long as we are firm in road self-confidence, theoretical self-confidence, institutional self-confidence and cultural self-confidence, and adhere to the institutional advantage of concentrating our efforts on major events, we will certainly be able to unite the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in China closely and give full play to the powerful energy to overcome difficulties and promote the development of our cause.

  Scientific decision-making and creative response are the fundamental methods to turn crisis into opportunity.

  In the first quarter of 2020, GDP decreased by 6.8% year-on-year, increased by 3.2% in the second quarter, and achieved a faster growth of 4.9% in the third quarter &hellip; &hellip; China’s economy has embarked on an exciting V-shaped curve. Ning Ji Zhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that China’s economic growth rate is expected to reach about 2% in 2020.

  "Positive economic growth", an indicator that many countries used to take for granted in previous years, has become extremely difficult in 2020 &mdash; &mdash; The epidemic spread around the world, many economic activities were forced to be suspended or delayed, the flow of people and trade were restricted, the global industrial chain fell into a "broken chain" crisis, and consumption, investment and exports of all countries were blocked.

  Supply interruption and shrinking demand occur at the same time, which makes the world economy face a serious impact. According to data released by the United Nations, from 2020 to 2021, the cumulative loss of global economic output will reach 8.5 trillion US dollars, almost erasing all the growth in the past four years. Many experts said that some coping experiences and economic theories formed by academic circles after the Great Depression in 1929 and the international financial crisis in 2008 could not be fully exerted before the huge impact of the epidemic.

  The difficulties are unprecedented, and there is no experience to follow. Whether a country can make scientific decisions and respond effectively determines whether its economy can tide over the difficulties and turn the corner.

  "Taken together, the fundamentals of China’s long-term economic improvement have not changed, and the impact of the epidemic is short-term and generally controllable, as long as we turn pressure into motivation, be good at turning crises into opportunities, restore production and life order in an orderly manner, and strengthen &lsquo; Six stabilities &rsquo; Measures to increase policy adjustment and fully release the great potential and powerful kinetic energy of China’s development can achieve the goals and tasks of economic and social development this year. " In 2020, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core is far-sighted and insightful, and will lead China’s economic giant forward with scientific decision-making and creative response.

  &mdash; &mdash; Adhere to the effective combination of strategic design and tactical application.

  "To achieve greater achievements in building a new development pattern with domestic macro-cycle as the main body and domestic and international dual-cycle promoting each other";

  "We should do a solid job &lsquo; Six stabilities &rsquo; Work and full implementation &lsquo; Six guarantees &rsquo; Task, to ensure the completion of the decisive battle to build a well-off society in an all-round way, decisive battle to get rid of poverty and attack the target task ";

  "We must base our development on the domestic market and rely more on the domestic market to achieve economic development" &hellip; &hellip;

  In 2020, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the north and south of the Yangtze River, presided over many important meetings, and made a series of important instructions and arrangements for coordinating the promotion of normalized epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development.

  When making decisions, it is far-sighted and blazing with anger, and when implementing it, it is scientific and precise.

  From implementing the precise prevention and control strategy of zoning and grading to adjusting the overall prevention and control strategy of the country to "external defense input and internal defense rebound" to maximize the smooth operation of the economy; Innovate the direct mechanism of financial funds, so that funds can be released faster and invested more accurately, and ensure that all bail-out measures go directly to the grassroots; Guide the market interest rate to fall, instead of simply relying on traditional interest rate cuts and RRR cuts, it will directly benefit the market subject &hellip through loan extension and credit support. &hellip; A series of accurate and effective innovations have successively landed, helping the majority of market players to tide over the difficulties.

  &mdash; &mdash; Adhere to the combination of economic policy and social policy.

  6.2%&mdash; &mdash; In February 2020, the urban survey unemployment rate rose to above 6% rarely, and the employment pressure continued to increase.

  There must be an extraordinary move in an extraordinary period! In the face of the arduous task of ensuring residents’ employment, we insist on reducing burdens, stabilizing posts and expanding employment at the same time, and strengthen policy supply: on the one hand, we introduce policies such as phased reduction of social security fees, stable return of unemployment insurance, and employment subsidies to reduce burdens and relieve difficulties for enterprises and stabilize existing posts; On the other hand, measures such as online recruitment, vocational training, and assistance for people with difficulties have been introduced to get through the difficulties of employment blocking.

  "Real money and silver" and "intimate service" have gradually stabilized the employment situation. In October 2020, the annual target and task of creating new jobs in cities and towns across the country has been completed ahead of schedule. The combination of economic policy and social policy has promoted the recovery of the economic market, promoted the stability of the overall social situation, and stabilized the economy and people’s hearts.

  &mdash; &mdash; Adhere to the synergy between supply and demand.

  Growth for 8 consecutive months! In November 2020, China’s automobile production and sales increased by 9.6% and 12.6% respectively.

  The automobile market continues to be prosperous in production and sales, which is inseparable from the "coordinated operation" between the supply and demand sides: the supply side and relevant departments have made concerted efforts, and the automobile industry will fully resume work in early April 2020; On the demand side, measures such as extending the period of subsidy policy for purchasing new energy vehicles and promoting automobiles to the countryside have been introduced successively, which has stabilized and expanded automobile consumption.

  While promoting the coordinated resumption of production in all links of the industrial chain and deepening the structural reform of the supply side, we will implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand, stimulate consumption potential and expand investment space. At the same time, the supply and demand sides exert their strength, so that the world’s largest industrial system and the largest and most potential market can play a powerful "concerto" and release huge and lasting development momentum.

  &mdash; &mdash; Adhere to both counter-cyclical adjustment and cross-cyclical design.

  "The order is full, more than 150 employees work overtime and the production line is running at full capacity." Recently, Li Lanhui, the general manager of Jiangxi Chuangyi Shoes Company, has been getting more and more busy. "In the first half of 2020, when the company’s cash flow was tight, the government departments gave us a timely help, reduced taxes and fees by several hundred thousand yuan, and with a discount loan of 3.5 million yuan, we survived and developed better and better!"

  Increase the fiscal deficit by 1 trillion yuan to provide financial support for ensuring basic people’s livelihood and grass-roots operation; Issue 1 trillion yuan of special anti-epidemic treasury bonds to deliver sufficient "ammunition" for epidemic prevention and control; In the whole year, 2.5 trillion yuan was added to reduce taxes and fees, which promoted the financial system to make a reasonable profit of 1.5 trillion yuan, allowing market players to go into battle lightly and rejuvenate &hellip; &hellip; A set of powerful, effective, scientific and accurate macro-policy "combination boxing" was launched in time to help stabilize the basic economy.

  Counter-cyclical adjustment, so that China’s economy can withstand short-term shocks; Cross-cycle design will escort China’s economy to be stable and far-reaching.

  About 580,000 5G base stations were added throughout the year, nearly 40,000 old urban communities were newly renovated, more than 2,400 kilometers of high-speed rail were newly opened, and more than 12,000 kilometers of expressways were newly rebuilt (expanded) &hellip; &hellip; In 2020, we will strengthen the construction of "two innovations and one emphasis" and launch a number of major projects that complement shortcomings, adjust the structure, have obvious economic benefits, and work late and work early. "It can not only promote consumption to benefit people’s livelihood, but also help to adjust the structure to increase stamina and promote high-quality development, &lsquo; Many birds with one stone &rsquo; 。” Huang Shouhong, director of the Research Office of the State Council, commented.

  It is not only stable at present, but also beneficial to the long-term. We pay equal attention to counter-cyclical adjustment and cross-cyclical design, so that we can achieve the greatest results at a reasonable cost: appropriately raising deficit ratio will not only effectively stimulate the economy, but also maintain a low debt level; Tax reduction and fee reduction and "releasing water to raise fish" not only benefit hundreds of millions of market players, but also make the fiscal revenue increase from negative to positive from June 2020 &hellip; &hellip; As Cong Liang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said, a set of fiscal and taxation policy plans have been repeatedly calculated and comprehensively weighed, which matches the needs of China’s economic development and debt risk prevention and control. "It is necessary, feasible and safe."

  Those who observe the situation are wise, and those who follow the trend are wise. Practice has once again proved that scientific decision-making and creative response are the fundamental methods to turn crises into opportunities. As long as we know the change accurately, respond scientifically and take the initiative to change, we will certainly be able to create great opportunities in the fight against big risks and remain invincible.

  Self-reliance of science and technology is the fundamental support to promote the overall development.

  "Struggler" dived 10,000 meters deep, dreaming of deep blue; A new generation of controlled nuclear fusion research device has been built and discharged, and has entered the forefront of the world; On the fifth day of Chang ‘e, I took the moon for nine days and built a dream sky &hellip; &hellip; At the end of 2020, major scientific and technological achievements were reported frequently, reflecting China’s surging innovation momentum.

  "Now, China’s economic and social development and improvement of people’s livelihood need scientific and technological solutions more than ever before, and it is even more necessary to enhance the first driving force of innovation." In the process of fighting the epidemic and coping with changes in the external economic environment, we attach great importance to the important role of science and technology, and ask for answers and methods from science and technology for self-reliance.

  &mdash; &mdash; Use science to prevent and control diseases and protect people’s lives and health.

  Recently, Covid-19 vaccination has been carried out in many places. On the last day of 2020, the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council was released, and the Covid-19 inactivated vaccine of Sinopharm Group China Bio has been approved by National Medical Products Administration for conditional marketing, and the protection effect meets the requirements of the relevant standards of the World Health Organization and National Medical Products Administration, and will be provided free of charge for the whole people in the future. This good news makes the public feel excited.

  Overcoming the epidemic disease is inseparable from the support of science and technology. In the face of the worst epidemic of infectious diseases in the world in the past century, we uphold the scientific attitude and respect the laws of science, and use science to light up the light of hope to overcome the epidemic &mdash; &mdash;

  In less than a week, the whole genome sequence of Covid-19 was determined and the virus strain was isolated, and the nucleic acid detection reagent was quickly developed;

  Implementing the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine, it has successively launched 8 versions of the national COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plan, which has been used for reference by many countries. Clinical observation shows that the total effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine is over 90%;

  The "field hospital" shelter was creatively applied to the field of infectious disease prevention and control, and more than 10 thousand beds were rapidly expanded in a short period of time, which solved the problem of a large number of patients being admitted to hospital;

  Scientifically analyze the epidemic spread law and influencing factors, carry out large-scale nucleic acid detection, big data tracing and health code identification, and implement differentiated prevention and control by region and grade & HELIP; &hellip;

  &mdash; &mdash; Using scientific and technological innovation to maintain the stable operation of industrial chain supply chain.

  More than 90% of the equipment is independently researched and developed, and the market share of fist products leads the world, so that Chaozhou Sanhuan (Group) Co., Ltd., which experienced negative growth in the first quarter of 2020, quickly realized the growth of production and sales. The person in charge of the company felt: "With high technology, there is high quality, and high quality drives high efficiency."

  In the first 11 months of 2020, the added value of China’s industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 2.3% year-on-year, and the profit increased by 2.4% year-on-year; During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, more than 70 influential industrial Internet platforms, more than 670 internationally leading digital workshops and smart factories will be built; Some key areas such as 5G, new energy vehicles and industrial Internet have achieved a leap from running to running and leading; New technologies and formats such as artificial intelligence, teleconferencing, online classroom and online medical care are developing vigorously &hellip; &hellip; Enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions have accelerated the pace of scientific and technological innovation, which has effectively improved the stability and competitiveness of China’s industrial chain supply chain.

  &mdash; &mdash; Ensure economic security and promote high-quality development by accelerating breakthroughs in key core technologies.

  "Compare the chip to a house, and the transistor is the brick for building a house." In May 2020, the team of Academician Peng Lianmao of Peking University made a key breakthrough in the field of carbon nanotube integrated circuit preparation. "Mastering the key core technologies of information devices will help us realize the self-control of domestic chips."

  600 km/h high-speed maglev test sample car test run; Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system opened; The first batch of independent third-generation nuclear power "Hualong No.1" was successfully connected to the grid &hellip; &hellip; In 2020, China achieved a number of significant achievements in many frontier fields, laying a solid foundation for high-quality development.

  Work-oriented, innovation-oriented. Practice has once again proved that self-reliance through science and technology is the fundamental support for promoting the overall development. As long as we uphold the scientific spirit, grasp the scientific laws and vigorously promote independent innovation, we will certainly be able to build the country’s development on a safer and more reliable basis.

  There are many things to do, and drums are used to urge the boat to be stable. The scientific understanding sublimated in the Great War Examination will undoubtedly turn into a great force on the way forward, inspiring us to be more confident and more combative. As long as we closely unite around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, deepen our regular understanding of doing a good job in economic work under severe challenges, and firmly grasp the initiative of China’s development, we will certainly create new historical achievements on the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way!

The "breaking" and "establishing" of educational evaluation reform is a complex systematic project.

Bright picture

Our reporter Zhao Hongbo photo/bright picture

  The Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era puts forward different reform directions for each education stage and each education subject, and its core is "improving the outcome evaluation, strengthening the process evaluation, exploring the value-added evaluation and perfecting the comprehensive evaluation". At the same time, the "Program" once again emphasizes that efforts should be made to get rid of the stubborn disease of only grades, only entering higher schools, only diplomas, only papers and only hats, so as to establish a scientific and timely educational evaluation system and mechanism. To achieve the goal of reform, the education system needs to be upright and innovative, and it also needs systematic changes in society and culture.

The reform of educational evaluation needs to exert its strength in three aspects.

  Whether it is admitted or not, educational evaluation has an important influence on educational practice and plays a baton role. Therefore, the reform of educational evaluation is particularly urgent, and it is the key to build a modern educational governance system and enhance the ability of educational governance. At present, everyone has a consensus on the outstanding problems in education evaluation, and they all support "breaking the five talents". The key now lies in "what to stand for" and "how to stand for it". This document only puts forward guiding principles, not an operable white paper. In the end, education authorities at all levels, schools, especially educators need to constantly explore and improve the evaluation system and methods in combination with their respective work practices. The author believes that the reform needs to be made from three aspects:

  First, we should further clarify the value orientation of educational evaluation.Value orientation is the coordinate origin of the evaluation system, and the evaluation of behavior and results is based on value orientation. Theoretically, the value orientation of education in China has always been clear, that is, to train socialist builders and successors. Under the current international situation, the author thinks that "global competence" should be added to the requirements of talent training at the university level to cultivate socialist builders and successors with the mind and ability to promote the building of a community of human destiny and mutual learning of civilizations. Specific to educational practice, it is to answer what to train, how to train people and for whom. Since the goal and value orientation are clear, in reality, why is there a situation in which "five talents" prevail? Taking the evaluation of universities as an example, the organizational characteristics of universities are multi-mission, and bear the heavy responsibility of teaching, scientific research, social service and cultural inheritance. Objectively speaking, it is indeed difficult to respond to the demands of all parties and balance the allocation of resources to achieve multiple goals, and the current high competitive environment is also easy to induce universities to get quick success and instant benefit. Because of this, it is even more necessary for Do not forget your initiative mind to keep his mission in mind and always adhere to the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue. The reform of educational evaluation is to take the performance of fundamental tasks as the core measure and promote educational institutions to truly educate people.

  The second is to systematically reform the contents and methods of educational evaluation.The core task of educational evaluation reform is to solve the problems of what and how to evaluate. "Breaking Five Merits" means "Merit", not abolishing taking scores, papers, etc. as an indicator of personal and organizational evaluation. Taking student evaluation as an example, score is still the most efficient and comparable method to measure learning effectiveness, but it is not the only method or the best one. "Score" is a symbol of measuring learning effectiveness, not the whole of intellectual development, not to mention the all-round development level of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. Therefore, if we look at the "five virtues" in educational evaluation, the main manifestations are that the evaluation content is partial and the evaluation method is simple and rude. Therefore, the reform of educational evaluation should be systematically considered in the evaluation content, and diversified methods and tools should be adopted in the evaluation methods. The results obtained by different evaluation methods complement and confirm each other, so as to improve the scientificity of evaluation. The policy of "improving result evaluation, strengthening process evaluation, exploring value-added evaluation and improving comprehensive evaluation" provides a guiding principle for the systematic reform of education evaluation. Education authorities at all levels, schools and teachers need to deeply understand the spirit of the policy, start from these four aspects, combine work practice, conduct in-depth research and continuous exploration, creatively put forward educational evaluation methods suitable for their own work practice, and gradually form perfect rules and regulations and operational implementation rules.Or take student evaluation as an example. Besides grades, are there any other methods to evaluate learning achievements? Is there a tangible evaluation beyond summative evaluation? Is it necessary to inspect the learning process so as to adjust the teaching strategies in time? Do you teach students in accordance with their aptitude, taking into account the learning foundation and value-added? Are the students’ development goals systematic, detailed and observable, and are there various methods and tools that can fully reflect the development level?

  Third, it is necessary to form a democratic education evaluation mechanism with the participation of multiple subjects.Education, especially at the level of higher education, involves many stakeholders, whose interests are not always in harmony. Therefore, it is necessary to form a multi-participation mechanism so that important stakeholders can reach a consensus on the standards, implementation methods and how to apply the results of education evaluation through games and consultations, so that education evaluation can play its due role. Furthermore, considering that the purpose of education evaluation is not only to provide the basis for selection and resource allocation, but also to find out the problems and deficiencies in the work through external evaluation and self-evaluation to achieve the purpose of improvement. In order to achieve the goal of improvement, the participation of multiple subjects is particularly important, and it is necessary to make goals and evaluations a consensus that everyone recognizes and is willing to work for. Taking teaching evaluation as an example, teachers are not only the objects to be evaluated, but also the participants in the formulation of evaluation standards, the important implementers and supervisors of evaluation, making teaching evaluation a way for teachers to understand teaching effectiveness and problems, and then improve teaching and quality.

Educational evaluation needs systematic reform of social evaluation.

  "Li" needs the support of external systems. The education system is a subsystem of the social system. As a provider of public goods, the education system is highly dependent on the external environment, so the behavior of educational institutions is deeply influenced by the external environment. In order to implement the reform of educational evaluation, we must carry out systematic reform of social evaluation at the same time, otherwise it will be difficult to carry out the reform of educational evaluation. For example, if the personnel department still talks about rank and salary based on academic qualifications, how can the reform of educational evaluation break through these constraints? For example, in 2018, Shanghai reformed the settlement policy, stipulating that the fresh graduates of Peking University and Tsinghua can directly settle down without counting points, while Selected Graduates, the organization department of the provincial party committees, basically strictly limits them to 985 college graduates. Local governments still regard talents as their origins, so how can ordinary people be detached from what schools they attend? How can schools not pursue scores and enrollment rate, and how can they evaluate teachers’ process and value-added? Educational evaluation is a part of social evaluation, and the systematic reform of social evaluation is the prerequisite for the implementation of educational evaluation reform.

  "Li" also needs to solve the problems caused by the lack of integrity and utilitarian culture. The lack of honesty is an important reason why many educational evaluation reforms cannot be implemented. Taking college enrollment as an example, it is obviously not reasonable to evaluate enrollment only by scores. In 2014, the college entrance examination reform was launched, and the most crucial one was to put forward the comprehensive evaluation of multiple admissions, that is, not only scores. However, in the subsequent implementation, it has become "two bases and one reference", and the score is still the core of admission. The reason for doing this is very simple. Once the score is not an important consideration, everyone is worried about endangering fairness and justice. In recent years, the Ministry of Education has strictly controlled all kinds of special enrollment. This year’s new strong foundation plan also clearly stated that the proportion of college entrance examination scores should not be less than 85%, with the aim of ensuring fairness. The lack of honesty makes the public, including educators, believe in rigid rulers more, which is one of the deep-seated reasons for the prevalence of "five virtues". Therefore, innovative measures need to be taken in the system design of educational evaluation to ensure fairness and justice.

  Utilitarian culture is another important reason for distorting educational evaluation. The new college entrance examination reform emphasizes students’ right to choose. Finally, utilitarian calculation leads to a sharp decline in the number of physics candidates, and the third batch of eight provinces that initiated the college entrance examination reform have to take physics as a restricted subject. Desalinate the test scores, the school’s comprehensive evaluation, and look at the results of academic competitions, so the national Olympic Games; Seeing innovative activities, primary and secondary school students are engaged in scientific research, writing papers and applying for patents. Recently, a primary school student’s cancer research in Kunming was exposed to fraud, and the national student science and technology innovation competition was found to be riddled with fraudulent projects. Not only for the national college entrance examination, but also with the upsurge of studying abroad, a large number of "background enhancement" companies have been born, the core of which is to help applicants design various activities, even customize exhibitions and competitions, and help students who have spent a lot of money win in the comprehensive evaluation. Lack of honesty and utilitarian culture are often intertwined, which worsens the fair environment of education and endangers the credibility of educational evaluation.

  The lack of honesty and utilitarian culture can not be solved in a short period of time. Therefore, any system design of educational evaluation needs to consider and guard against this, otherwise it will inevitably lead to new problems and lead to the evaluation reform giving up halfway.

  In a word, the reform of educational evaluation is a complex systematic project, which needs to be "broken" but also "established". It needs the reform and innovation within the educational system, the systematic reform of social evaluation and the participation of the whole society, otherwise it will be difficult to achieve practical results. In addition, the reform of educational evaluation must keep the bottom line of fairness and justice, otherwise the people can’t agree.

  (Author: Liu Ji ‘an, director of University Planning Office of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chen Zhiwen, Secretary-General of Talent Branch of China Education Development Strategy Society, member of expert group of National Education Examination Steering Committee)