分类： jherigjtf

The street situation in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, is getting out of control. Because the contradiction between the opposition and the government is difficult to reconcile, on the evening of January 22, protesters and police clashed bloody in the Independence Square in Kiev, the capital, killing five people and injuring more than 300 people. Witnesses said that four of them were shot and killed by the police, and the fire enveloped the whole city center. The scene was described as a "war blockbuster".

Ukraine has always been very strict in gun management. Proceeding from the principle of legal possession of guns and self-defense, the Ukrainian Ministry of Internal Affairs has determined the principle that guns must be registered by the state, the principle of production license and the principle of bringing them into the country. It is forbidden to use silencers and accessories with night vision sights for official and civilian guns in Uzbekistan. The purchase of guns must hold a special license from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, valid for 3 years. Therefore, although both the demonstrators and the police used guns in the conflict, the police mainly used them to fire tear gas and rubber bullets to disperse the demonstrators, and the number of guns of the demonstrators was also very small. Most conflicts are caused by the use of sticks, shields and other weapons by both sides.

Street demonstrations in Ukraine have evolved into serious violent confrontations.

During the conflict, the Ukrainian police took strict organization, and a large number of policemen wearing full-body protective gear, helmets, shields and batons formed a "human wall" at the scene of the conflict to stop the violent actions of demonstrators. Not to be outdone, the opposition not only robbed many police weapons and equipment, but also "self-developed" many weapons similar to those of the ancient war against the police, which made this conflict take on many "medieval" colors.

shield

In the conflict, both sides used a large number of shields as formations to defend against all kinds of tear gas and fireworks thrown by opponents. Most of the demonstrators’ shields were seized from the Ukrainian police, and these shields were simply decorated and distinguished with paint. Of course, more so-called shields are mainly a board. At other times, however, a few carefully decorated shields also appeared at the demonstration site. These shields are larger in size, better in material and stronger.

A set of shields used by demonstrators in Kiev. They should be made of plexiglass and can be easily carried by demonstrators. The red cross and green background on the shield give people a sense of medieval war.

When the police fired tear gas, this group of demonstrators formed a tortoise shell array with great literacy to prevent the crowd from being dispersed by tear gas.

Another shield painted with the Red Cross looks like a crusader. A demonstrator is hiding behind a shield and firing a rocket at the police.

rocket

In response to the police’s use of tear gas, many demonstrators also fired a large number of fireworks for festivals. Many people lit fireworks from water pipes and fired them at the police, and combined with throwing stones and burning bottles, they tried to stop the police from expelling.

The rocket flying out of the steel pipe shows that the demonstrators with shields in front are facing the police against the barricade.

A demonstrator who is launching a rocket has a handful of "ammunition" waiting to be launched.

However, it would be a big mistake to think that rockets are the most advanced weapons of the opposition. In order to completely overwhelm the police, the opposition demonstrators also created several real "big guys".

　

Siege machine

At least one wooden trebuchet and a giant slingshot were assembled and used in demonstrations in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, to shoot stones and other sundries at the police.

There are many curious demonstrators watching the trebuchet being assembled.

The trebuchet, which was completed at night, was planned by the demonstrators to throw all kinds of sundries at the police.

This is not a real-life version of "Angry Birds", but a demonstrator using a homemade giant slingshot to shoot stones at the police. Being hit by something like this is not fun at all.

Another huge slingshot, the demonstrators in front are trying to stabilize the support, while the people behind are shooting stones.

Demonstrators and bystanders

In addition to the large weapons on the scene, demonstrators also used various means to protect themselves. Helmets, goggles and thick coats are common equipment. What’s more, it also moved out the knight armor that may have been handed down from family.

Demonstrators armed with sticks and ready for battle can see that helmets, goggles and masks from all sources are standard.

The demonstrator even put on a knight’s armor from nowhere. Although it is not a complete set, it is definitely cool.

It is necessary for journalists who walk through the crowd on both sides to hold a bowl in order to prevent "accidental injury"

CCTV News:"Accelerate the layout of frontier areas such as humanoid robots, metauniverses, and quantum technology, and comprehensively promote the research and development of 6G technology." On March 1st, the State Council Office held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening words by authoritative departments", introducing "accelerating new industrialization, becoming stronger and better, and expanding the real economy". When answering questions, Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said that to build a modern industrial system, we should transform and upgrade traditional industries, consolidate and extend advantageous industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, and lay out future industries in a forward-looking way.

Jin Zhuanglong introduced that the manufacturing industry is the foundation of the real economy, the lifeline of the national economy and an important field of building a modern industrial system. China has formed a manufacturing system with large scale, complete system and strong competitiveness. We will stick to the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, consolidate the advantages of a complete industrial system, keep the proportion of manufacturing industry basically stable, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system by forging long boards, supplementing short boards and strengthening the foundation. Focus on the following four aspects.

The first is to transform and upgrade traditional industries. Traditional industry is the base of modern industrial system, accounting for more than 80% in manufacturing industry. It will vigorously promote technological transformation and equipment renewal of enterprises, popularize advanced and applicable technologies, and promote process modernization and high-end products. Implement the action of "increasing varieties, improving quality and creating brands" in manufacturing industry to improve product quality and brand benefits. We will further implement intelligent manufacturing projects, accelerate the development of service-oriented manufacturing, and vigorously develop productive service industries. Implement the peak carbon dioxide emissions implementation plan in the industrial field, fully implement green manufacturing and improve the level of green and low-carbon development. Encourage the adoption of market-oriented and rule-of-law methods, promote the merger and reorganization of key industries, and improve industrial concentration.

The second is to consolidate and extend advantageous industries. China’s high-speed rail, ships, power equipment, construction machinery, communication equipment and other fields have formed distinctive advantages, and the output of a number of important products such as personal computers, mobile phones, household appliances and solar panels accounts for more than half of the world. We will co-ordinate resources and vigorously implement two projects, one of which is the industrial base reconstruction project, which is also a relatively difficult and long-term project. The second is to implement major technical equipment research projects, consolidate and enhance the advantages of the whole industrial chain, and create a number of business cards made in China. Give full play to the main role of enterprises, support leading enterprises to become stronger and better, and cultivate a number of world-class enterprises. In addition, we will implement special actions for the development of advanced manufacturing clusters, focusing on key areas such as construction machinery, rail transit, optoelectronic information, energy and power equipment, textiles and clothing, and build a world-class advanced manufacturing cluster.

The third is to cultivate and expand emerging industries. Emerging industries are the new pillar and new track leading the future development. Will focus on5G, artificial intelligence, bio-manufacturing, industrial Internet, intelligent networked cars, green and low carbonAnd other key areas, and constantly enrich and expand.New application scenarios. Expand the layout of the national manufacturing innovation center in emerging industries. implement"Robot+"Apply actions to promote the large-scale and intensive development of the Internet of Things industry.

The fourth is to lay out future industries in a forward-looking way. The future industry is an important starting point to seize the opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and realize leading development. We will study and formulate an action plan for future industrial development and speed up the layout.Humanoid robot, metauniverse, quantum technologyAnd other frontier areas, and comprehensively promote.6G technology research and development. Local governments are also encouraged to try first and speed up the layout of future industries.

Finally, Jin Zhuanglong emphasized that to build a modern industrial system, we should not only base ourselves on the domestic big cycle, but also promote the domestic and international double cycle. We will strengthen international cooperation, further deepen reform and opening up, create a good development environment, and provide services and guarantees for Chinese and foreign enterprises to develop advanced manufacturing industries.

In mid-March, three workplaces of Suzhou electric sales giant Chinese enterprise Qixiang in Suzhou and Wuxi were suddenly seized by the police, and hundreds of people were taken away by the Shanghai police for investigation. Subsequently, news came out in Chengdu, Nanjing and other places that loan intermediaries and loan-assisting companies were seized by the police.Multi-site supervision has intensified the crackdown on illegal institutions.

The loan intermediary does not lend directly to the borrower as a funder, but introduces the products of formal financial institutions to the borrower as an intermediary. The reason why it is "deeply hated" is related to a series of illegal acts such as some institutions illegally obtaining personal information for SMS and telephone harassment, impersonating bank staff, forging false information to obtain bank loans, charging high service fees and even beheading.

Telemarketing is widely used by most loan intermediaries, which are also directly called telemarketing companies. Even in recent years, a large number of telemarketing companies have gathered in an office building in many cities, and it has also happened from time to time that one company has been closed down and another company has moved in.

How do sales companies develop their industries? Why is it still "repeatedly banned" under severe blows? Are loan intermediaries all as "heinous" as stereotype? 21st century business herald reporter tried to present the industry situation and business model of loan intermediaries such as telemarketing companies from multiple perspectives through interviews with practitioners, legal persons and people in related industries.

Through interviews, we found that behind the current "chaos", we need to pay more attention to the norms of industry order. As a product of market development, loan intermediaries also reveal from the side that the problem of small and micro enterprises’ loan difficulty still needs to be solved urgently.

Liu shui de Dian Xiao company

Some netizens commented on social media, "There is a telemarketing company downstairs in our company, which is arrested every year and then rented to other telemarketing companies. Mainly a flowing electric sales company, the same electric sales. " In fact, this situation has begun to become common, and office buildings gathered by such sales companies have also appeared in many cities.

Take Suzhou as an example. Before that, many telemarketing companies set up their offices in industrial parks, and several office buildings became famous "financial buildings" in the industry because of the large number of rented telemarketing companies. After the industrial park began to clear the loan intermediary, some companies moved to gusu district and Xiangcheng, and the "financial building" also moved. A person familiar with the matter told reporters that "there are many loan companies in one building" in an office building in gusu district. These telemarketing companies that can still stay in Suzhou after being retired are regarded as "financially strong", and more "without strength" can only choose to move to other places or directly withdraw.

The same thing happened in Jinan. Two office buildings in High-tech Zone are dubbed by people who work nearby, and the high degree of gathering of their telemarketing companies is described as "Altman has to make two phone calls to leave when he comes". A person who works in one of the buildings told the reporter, "The relatively strong companies here are insurance, banks and other big companies, and the others have always been flowing companies." Judging from the property conditions, one of the two office buildings is located in a high-end CBD, which is known as the local financial and business gathering area; The other office environment is poor and the rent is relatively low. Under the change of "flowing companies" round after round, a large number of telemarketing companies have appeared in both places.

A person engaged in office rental in Suzhou told reporters that the "financial" companies such as electricity sales and loan assistance accounted for one-third of its customers last year. "On average, more than 10 loan assistance companies can find venues every month, and more than 100 loan assistance companies can be received every year." However, the lease time of these companies is not long. "The lease period is basically three months, and those who do not withdraw for three months are very powerful."

The above-mentioned person said that several districts in Suzhou had cleaned up the loan intermediary companies before, and at the same time, the property owners of some office buildings began to stop renting out the venues to such companies, because the gathering of electricity sales companies would mostly bring higher alarm rate to office buildings.

"Not bad money" property can refuse to settle in the electricity sales company,However, for the property owners who have great pressure on their own profits, such companies are at least lessees with good ability to pay.. Therefore, it often happens in many office buildings that a loan intermediary company moves away or is sealed up by the police, and a new loan intermediary company will move in after the clearance.

Enterprise loans become "pillar business"

In the usual impression, the business of this kind of telemarketing intermediary is often mainly aimed at personal loans. However, the reporter found in the interview that corporate loans with higher profits have become the "pillar business" of many telemarketing companies.

Suzhou Zhongqi Qixiang, which was previously seized by the police, is one of the most influential enterprises in the local enterprise loan industry. A person familiar with the matter told reporters that many people engaged in corporate loan business in Suzhou are from Chinese enterprises, and "basic executives are opening branches outside".

Different from the early "extensive operation", such sales companies have formed a relatively perfect business process.

As an intermediary, a telemarketing company provides loan intermediation services to customers, and usually signs an intermediary service agreement with customers to clarify the handling fee and related terms. The intermediary services it actually provides, besides recommending loan products from formal financial institutions that match customers’ needs, may also include preparing or "manufacturing" relevant loan materials for customers whose procedures are unclear or even unqualified.

The business of this kind of loan intermediary usually begins with telephone sales by telephone operators. Under normal circumstances, the operator is only responsible for making phone calls, and when the customer handles business on the spot, the negotiator will communicate with the customer in detail. Among them,The usual methods used by some loan intermediaries include impersonating bank employees and defrauding customers’ trust through friends circle packaging.

After being suppressed by negotiators, such as "poor credit reporting" and "loan with high interest", many customers may accept their higher handling fees. An employee who worked in a Chinese enterprise, Qixiang, told reporters that the service fee of this company usually starts at three points. "But sometimes the negotiators talk high, and they can go up to 10 points, and there is a loan of 3 million to collect 600,000 service fees."Based on this calculation, the service fee can even be as high as 20% of the loan amount.

Under the high profit, the job advertisements posted by the telemarketing company also look "excellent". The reporter searched for keywords such as "telemarketing" on a recruitment website. The minimum monthly salary of many related positions in Suzhou and Jinan is also more than 10,000 yuan, and some positions are marked as "irresponsible basic salary 7500", "team manager is stable 2W+" and "enterprise loan telemarketing is 46,000 yuan per month". A person familiar with the matter told reporters,"The operator is only the bottom of the loan intermediary company, and the negotiators are basically the bosses or executives of the company, and the salary is also high. Before, a company recruited negotiators with a monthly salary of100,000 yuan, in addition to a commission. "

Fuzzy compliance boundary

Are loan intermediaries all as "heinous" as stereotype? Is the business completely illegal? In the interview, we found that there is no relevant standard for loan intermediary business, and the boundary between compliance and non-compliance is also very vague.

First of all, it needs to be clarified that loan intermediaries may not be directly defined as illegal. Many industries have produced the profession of intermediary in the process of development. All kinds of intermediaries are essentially businesses that make money by poor information. Loan intermediaries should have shortened the distance between loan customers and financial institutions by virtue of their familiarity with various products.

However, as many people who have been or are engaged in this industry have said, loan intermediaries have been "bad money drives out good money" and stigmatized. The ubiquitous high handling fees have caused many people to equate loan intermediaries with usury and beheading, and the living space of companies with relatively reasonable fees and relatively "disciplined" business has also been continuously squeezed.

However, it is also difficult to supervise the loan intermediary industry because the boundary between its business compliance and illegality is actually very vague. The reporter interviewed a number of practitioners, legal persons and people in related industries, and it is difficult to make a relatively clear judgment on the boundaries.

What business can a loan intermediary provide? Can the high agency fee match the service it provides? Judging from the current situation, this may only depend on market competition and mutual benchmarking between companies. The above-mentioned insiders gave an example to reporters.The intermediary service fees of such companies in Suzhou can reach 18 points or even higher, while those in Nanjing generally will not exceed 15 points. "The high point can’t survive in Nanjing, and it is easy to be spurned by the local market."

In addition to charging high service fees or even beheading interest, some loan intermediaries also illegally obtain personal information for text messages and telephone harassment, and impersonate regular institutions and bank staff to defraud customers’ trust. In the process of business handling, some companies engaged in enterprise loan business can also help enterprises forge false information and eliminate bad records.

A lawyer in Suzhou analyzed a reporter’s case in which he participated. The client wanted to apply for a five-year loan of 3 million yuan, signed a contract with a loan intermediary and was charged an intermediary fee of 270,000 yuan. During this period, the intermediary staff made up the identity of the bank staff, and the actual lending rate and loan term were inconsistent with the intermediary’s statement, which had already involved fraud. In the actual handling of the case, due to the existence of the intermediary contract, the court generally does not treat it as fraud, but it will not support such a high intermediary fee, and proposes to mediate by partially refunding the fee.

A similar situation occurred in another incident reported by 21st century business herald before, and the court only supported a small part of the high service fee in the judgment. A loan intermediary company in Hangzhou sued several customers in succession because they refused to pay tens of thousands of high service fees. In the case that the loan business actually fails to be successfully handled, the court will generally reject the claim of tens of thousands of yuan service fee advocated by the loan intermediary; In the case that the loan business has been successfully handled and the defendant refuses to pay the service fee, the court only supports the amount of several hundred to several thousand yuan according to the contract and relevant laws and regulations, not tens of thousands of yuan advocated by the loan intermediary company.

Many interviewees mentioned that it is more important to pay attention to the establishment of industry order behind the current "chaos", which includes the scope and pricing of so-called intermediary services. A lawyer in Suzhou believes that the intermediary company itself is necessary, but it must be supervised and operated legally and in compliance. At present, loan intermediaries are facing the problems of no official positioning and lack of relevant industry norms.

Small and micro financing still needs support.

It is also noteworthy that small and micro enterprises have become "frequent customers" of loan intermediaries, which also reflects the current situation that their loan needs may still not be met at the moment when they are widely called to help small and micro enterprises and inclusive finance.

The loan interest rate is superimposed with a high service fee, and the cost of using funds is so high. Why are there still enterprises that can accept it? A lawyer handling related cases in Shanghai mentioned in an interview that some small and micro enterprises really need a working capital but have nowhere to borrow. In addition, a large number of small and micro enterprises with poor qualifications are "excluded" from traditional credit services. In order to obtain loans from formal institutions, they have to rely on services such as "making materials" from loan intermediaries.

Under the traditional credit model, the bank’s borrowing cost is low, but the qualification examination is more strict. When the economy is improving, corporate credit scores, running water and other qualifications are also good, and it is easier to borrow money from banks. When the economic growth slows down, the qualifications of enterprises may decline to some extent, and may even involve litigation, so it is difficult to meet the loan requirements of banks, and banks may be "rejected". Banks may also face the problem of pressure on asset quality, and pay more attention to and prevent risks. This also brings new problems, and some enterprises that need funds may actually not be able to borrow money.

To solve the problem of "financing difficulties" for small and micro enterprises, the optimization direction of current supervision concerns includes the determination of bank loan interest rate for small and micro enterprises, the optimization of credit policy, and the improvement and sharing of credit data for small and micro enterprises.

On April 10th, the the State Council policy briefing once again mentioned the promotion of financing for small and micro enterprises. The State Administration of Financial Supervision said that it will guide banks to reasonably determine the interest rate of inclusive small and micro enterprises’ loans, revise the supervision and evaluation system of financial services for small and micro enterprises in commercial banks and the risk classification method for small and micro enterprises’ loans, and optimize the due diligence exemption system for small and micro enterprises’ credit granting. The National Development and Reform Commission referred to the recently issued Implementation Plan for Overall Financing Credit Service Platform Construction to Improve the Financing Convenience Level of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, insisted on building a inclusive finance service system based on credit information, and promoted the provision of high-quality financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises.

　　On December 1st, Putuoshan Branch of Zhoushan Public Security Bureau of Zhejiang Province issued a notice: At 7 o’clock in the morning, the body of a man was found in the sea near Dongsha, Zhujiajian Island. After identification by family members, the body belongs to Weibo blogger Zhou (26-year-old from Guizhou) whose online name is "Lu Daosen" who lost contact recently. The police ruled out homicide.

　　Previously, at 23: 28 on November 28, a suicide note of "Lu Dawson" was released regularly on the online social platform. Suspected suicidal tendency, causing network concern.

　　↑ The suicide note of the blogger "Lu Dawson".

　　From the loss of contact to the confirmation of his death, "Lu Daosen" has also caused extensive discussions on issues such as school violence and family education mentioned in his suicide note.

　　Before his death, he returned the rent and mailed his luggage.

　　The social platform of "Lu Dawson" not only analyzes the content related to photography, but also publishes some words to record his mood and life.

　　It can be known from his published texts that he is an art student from a village in Guiyang. Because he failed in the college entrance examination, his score did not reach the two scores in Guizhou that year, so he had to go to a three-university to study the indoor direction of environmental design. He didn’t even know what this major was for at first.

　　He once said that his ideal major has always been fashion design, and he "wants to be a designer like alexander mcqueen". He didn’t like his school and major, so his college life once made him unhappy. "I had white hair when I was a freshman, and the pressure from home was great." But after all, he left family of origin, which made him "fragile" and "injured". He worked hard to earn money part-time and tried to get rid of his parents economically.

　　From the next semester of junior year, he came into contact with photography, and "he gradually became clear about what kind of person he was going to be". In recording "the rustling sound of summer wind blowing through leaves" and "the sunset falling in the evening" and "the bright Milky Way starry sky at night", he felt unprecedented freedom and relaxation. "It was the enthusiasm caused by the collision of magma."

　　↑ Reflections on Photography by Lu Dawson in Weibo.

　　In 2018, he started his own business, opened a photography studio in Guiyang, then traveled to Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu and other places to shoot, and finally lived in Hangzhou.

　　When "Lu Dawson" just entered the business, Ms. Lin, who is also a photographer, knew him. Ms. Lin said that in her impression, "Lu Dawson" is an optimistic person, but he has encountered many setbacks in his life. His personal works are excellent, but they have never been realized.

　　↑ In the eyes of some friends, "Lu Dawson" is sunny and positive, and does not emit negative energy.

　　A few days before "Lu Dawson" lost contact, he sent his luggage home and returned the rent. He posted the suicide note on the Internet regularly. After seeing the suicide note, his friend couldn’t contact "Lu Dawson" and called the police.

　　At 7 o’clock in the morning on November 29th, a villager found the grey trench coat and mobile phone of "Lu Dawson" on the beach reef on the south side of Niunitang Mountain in Zhujiajian Island. On December 1st, rescuers confirmed that Lu Dawson’s body was salvaged ashore that morning, but he died unfortunately.

　　When I was young, I worked with my parents in Guangdong.

　　Forced by life, he was sent to Guiyang for the elderly to raise.

　　Ms. Wu (pseudonym), who is a cousin of "Lu Dawson", can sleep at 10 o’clock on weekdays. After receiving the news of "Lu Dawson’s death", she can’t sleep. It’s past zero, and she’s still paying attention to the news reports related to "Lu Dawson".

　　Ms. Wu is very sad about the one-sided interpretation and criticism of "Lu Dawson" parents in those reports. "No parents don’t love their children, but they care about their children in different ways." Ms. Wu expressed the hope that everyone would not speculate and report unrealistically, nor would they want to slander his parents and make his family more sad.

　　In Ms. Wu’s impression, "Lu Daosen" was obedient and sensible from childhood. Every time he went home for the New Year, he would often visit his grandfather and give money to the elderly.

　　Lu Daosen’s hometown is located in Guiyang. According to Ms. Wu, in order to make their children live better, Lu Daosen’s parents chose to work in Guangdong. "Working is the only way to earn money. Without culture, you are a migrant worker. No one wants to be separated from their children, but don’t many families do?"

　　↑ "Lu Dawson" once asked himself in Weibo, "Can people who grow up among thorns practice indestructible body?"

　　Therefore, "Lu Daosen" went to kindergarten with his parents in Guangdong when he was a child, and returned to Guiyang after he was older and was raised by his grandmother. "People say that every generation, his grandmother is nearly ninety years old, and she has been hiding it before. After knowing it today, grandma is very sad."

　　Regarding the school violence mentioned in the suicide note of "Lu Dawson", Ms. Wu said that he was clever and polite since childhood and was very likable. But I never said anything about school when I went home. "I didn’t say anything about being bullied at school, and my family didn’t know."

　　In Ms. Wu’s view, the reason why "Lu Dawson" chose to leave may be the pressure of work. At the beginning, "Lu Dawson" chose to start a business with her parents, because Ms. Wu herself was engaged in the photography industry and knew that the pressure in this industry was relatively high. "So I can understand him, open my own studio, and the pressure of work can sometimes make people breathless. As long as people are under pressure, whether they are working or studying, we are used to it, so for these children, we need to know more."

　　Regarding the departure of "Lu Dawson", Ms. Wu said: "I really hope this is a dream, not true."

　　Students call their class price conscience.

　　I shared photographic materials in the group on the night of the incident.

　　My friend Xiao He described "Lu Dawson" as "a talent without talent". As a photographer, Xiao He has been quietly paying attention to the works of "Lu Dawson" and admiring his imagination. "Before he closed the photography studio and planned to find a job, I talked to him once, and then he went to Hangzhou to continue to be a photographer. A photographer should have his own style. He first learned from his teacher ‘ Wei Lan ’ The strong color of photography, and later added ‘ Xia Qiji ’ The ancient style of myth finally formed his own fantasy myth theme. "

　　Xiao He said that after the accident of "Lu Dawson", she added a student who signed up for the photography class of "Lu Dawson" from the group of "looking for Dawson", only to know that the price of his course was so "conscience". "I thought that he was a blogger with 100,000 fans, and his works were very good, and his classes would be very expensive, so he would have a good life. I didn’t expect that his series of courses were only 899 yuan."

　　↑ Photographic works of "Lu Dawson"

　　Wu, a student of the "Ludaosen" photography class, said that on the evening of 23rd, the teacher "Ludaosen" had distributed Baidu web photography materials to the students. "I thought he wanted to give us some ‘ Welfare ’ After that, he went to retouch the picture. He used to talk about it in the middle of the night. "

　　According to the track of "Lu Daosen" compiled by Lu Daosen’s friends "Meng Li" and "Wei Lan" in November, after the 22 nd "Lu Daosen" withdrew from his residence in Hangzhou, the 23 rd and 24 th "Lu Daosen" all participated in the group chat and arrived in Zhoushan on the 25 th.

　　↑ The photography course of "Lu Dawson".

　　"I know that he is introverted, so I generally don’t dare to disturb him. Except when I encounter problems, he is a teacher and friend to us. He talked for 4 hours in a fantasy class until 1 o’clock in the middle of the night. We are all very touched. The price of this class is too valuable. Once I was sick in the middle of the night and went to the hospital, he saw my circle of friends and sent me a message to care about me, telling me ‘ Don’t always stay up all night, health is the most important thing ’ 。” Wu said.

　　Wu thinks that "Lu Dawson" is a very responsible and gentle teacher, but as students, they also know that the teacher is not doing very well. "Compared with other photographers, his guest list is not many, and the public can’t accept his illusion, and even some seemingly commercial shots are actually ‘ Power generation for love ’ Yes, but we all see his efforts and Excellence, and we can’t figure out why no one noticed him. "

　　The last chat was about creative inspiration.

　　Friends want to publish works for them.

　　In the eyes of friends in the photography circle of "Lu Dawson", he is a photographer with sunshine, dreams, imagination and creativity. He has his own ideas about his works, and he will not simply imitate others, but always look for self-breakthrough.

　　"He usually comforts and cares more about his friends and helps us solve difficulties." Photographer A Ke recalled "Lu Dawson". He almost never gave off negative energy, but he was always positive, so friends around him didn’t know his bad experiences until he saw the last farewell letter.

　　↑ A small wish of "Lu Dawson" before his death: publishing a series of works of illusion.

　　The last time Ako chatted with him was on the 21st, when "Lu Dawson" patiently listened to him about the inspiration of shooting creation, but he didn’t expect that chat to be the last goodbye.

　　A Ke didn’t notice anything unusual when chatting that night. In addition, there was no sudden change in color or style in the photos recently sent by "Lu Dawson", so the photographers around him were puzzled by the unexpected departure of "Lu Dawson". Referring to the departure of "Lu Dawson", A Ke thinks that the pressure of starting a business may not be the main reason, but more because of school bullying’s bad experiences in childhood.

　　"Lu Dawson" once wrote to Weibo on August 23rd: "A small wish: if only the Phantom Series could be published". Now, the photographers of "Lu Dawson" hope to fulfill his last wish besides facing the fact that their friends have left.

　　Ake said that the photographers are docking with the publishing house and preparing to publish the illusion series. "We hope to spread his works and stories to more people, and finally the theme we want to present to the public is: hope and courage."

　　Red Star Journalist Chen Qingyuan Intern Chen Yaqi Liu Meichen

　　The Ministry of Public Security cracked a major case of "gutter oil", and the official officially confirmed that "gutter oil" flowed to the table. This incident has once again stung the public’s nerves by the hidden worry of "gutter oil" that has been silent for a long time. After more than a month’s investigation, the reporter of China Business News found that "gutter oil" is flooding in China. First, due to the temptation of profiteering in the whole production and sales chain, the annual net profit is 3 billion yuan, which is equivalent to a central enterprise under the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. Second, it is due to the lack of supervision by government departments. "Waste oil" is so rampant, where are the government departments such as industry and commerce, quality inspection, urban management, health and epidemic prevention?

　　source

　　Famous catering enterprises and universities become "oil sources"

　　Recently, the Ministry of Public Security cracked a major case of "gutter oil", which once again aroused people’s concern about "gutter oil". Prior to this, the reporter of China Business News conducted a one-month investigation and found out the whole "gutter oil" industrial chain. Under the temptation of high profits, "gutter oil" has formed a huge industry.

　　The huge profits behind the price difference in 0.2 yuan

　　"We can’t invoice the oil here. It’s almost 185 yuan a barrel, about 40 pounds, and the good one is 205 yuan a barrel. If the temperature is low, it will crystallize, but the good one will not." At the farmer’s market of Nanliangjia Store, Beiqing Road, Changping District, Beijing, a shop assistant pointed to more than 20 white plastic vats under the porch.

　　"How can you not invoice? It’s only 4 yuan and 6 pounds. I bought it in the unit canteen. I’m afraid it’s’ gutter oil’. Can you give me a certificate of conformity? "

　　"yes." The man answered and handed over a copy paper, which was an edible oil inspection report of a company in Tianjin. It was stamped with the official seal of the inspection agency and impressively printed with the acid value below 1 (acid value below 1 is the first-class edible oil standard). "I will give you as much as you want."

　　Such a scene is staged in the farmers’ market around the city every day, and the edible oil refined from "gutter oil" is rampant. In the farmer’s market near Liangjiadian, Beiqing Road, Beijing, we can see that there are countless small vendors selling "gutter oil" in dozens and hundreds of barrels.

　　"I have been checked once, but it has been loose in recent months and can be sold again." A store owner described this. Colleagues told reporters not to take pictures, otherwise it will lead to danger, because almost every shop here does such business.

　　According to people in the market, a barrel of 40 Jin on the surface actually weighs only 37 Jin, so the price of a Jin is 5 yuan money, and a better Jin of 5.5 yuan. The cheapest price of soybean oil in the supermarket is 5.7 yuan, which is 6 cents or even 20 cents cheaper, which is similar to the price of soybean oil.

　　Previously, some professionals questioned whether the "gutter oil" could be returned to the dining table, on the grounds that it was difficult to remove the rancidity and odor of the "gutter oil" itself by simple means, and if it was deeply processed, the cost would be high. In this regard, Chang Hai, a researcher at caams Institute of Oils and Fats, said that it is not difficult to extract edible oil with "waste oil", and the cost is very low, so a small enterprise can do it. "Some media said that the cost of refining is not more than one ton in 300 yuan. I have not studied it carefully, but it will certainly not be too expensive."

　　So, is it more likely that a catty of 0.6 yuan oil is cheaper than 0.2? Is it "gutter oil" or soybean oil? Xiang Hai didn’t give a positive answer, but he explained: "Edible oil production is an extremely mature industry, and the competition is fierce. Don’t say that 60 cents a catty is 20 cents cheaper, and oil dealers will break their heads for it. Think about it, a catty is 20 cents cheaper, one ton is 400 yuan, and the oil sellers are tens of tons and hundreds of tons of wholesale. A batch can earn tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of yuan! "

　　Famous restaurants become "gutter oil" and "upstream"

　　Since oil from illegal channels is flooding in large quantities, where does all this oil come from? In a restaurant, the reporter interviewed a person who has been digging for "gutter oil" for ten years: "Our favorite restaurants are those that use more oil, such as brand Hunan restaurant and brand Sichuan restaurant, which are the places with the largest amount of gutter oil." While eating, the person pointed to the dish and said with a smile, "I don’t want to order oily dishes when I eat in a restaurant, such as boiled fish, boiled meat, or even Mapo tofu and eggplant braised in oil. How many stores will use oil well?"

　　Under the introduction of this person, the reporter went to a famous brand restaurant in Beijing to "squat". At 90 o’clock in the evening, a minibus arrived at the restaurant on time, and the oil dealer who got off the bus looked around warily first. After all, the wind is tight now, and those who illegally pay for oil are afraid of an accident.

　　However, the store obviously had an agreement with him. The oil digger cleaned up the kitchen garbage first, and then took out a long pole from the car with a helmet-like spoon tied to his head. He began to open the manhole cover marked "dirty" and dig out the oil floating on the upper floor in the grease trap of the hotel. About seven or eight minutes later, he finished his work quickly, put the bamboo pole away, carried the oil drum back to the car, and drove to the next working point.

　　The reporter investigated catering enterprises in Beijing, and found that many catering enterprises, including some famous brands, such as South Beauty, Hunan and Hubei Love, Guo Lin Home Cooking, etc., all gave kitchen waste and "gutter oil" to some unqualified individual collectors for collection. The key point is that although these catering groups are very large, they seldom pay attention to the treatment of "gutter oil" and never sign a unified recycling agreement with recycling enterprises. The recycling of "gutter oil" is decided by each store. In the South Beauty Store in Zhongguancun, Beijing, the Guo Lin Store in the South Road of Beijing Academy of Sciences, and the Xiang ‘eqing Store in the south of Anhua Bridge in Beijing, reporters found that the oil collectors who came to collect oil at night had no legal qualification.

　　According to the regulations, Beijing should not allow trucks to enter the Fifth Ring Road until 11 pm. "The police don’t care about oil dealers," said an industry source. "There are two reasons. The first is that they can’t pay much, and people have no money; The second is that even if you impound his car, where will you put it? It stinks, and when you put it in the station, your colleagues will scold you! " This person’s words highlight the fact of the "gutter oil" industry-there is a law but there is no way to take it.

　　Colleges and universities are an important source

　　Master Yang has been digging for "gutter oil" for many years. When he entered the gate of Peking University, he went straight to the Nongyuan Restaurant. There is a dirty manhole cover at the back of the restaurant. He skillfully buckled the hole in the manhole cover, gently pulled it open and took a look inside.

　　"Just finished, the oil has already left." He said.

　　The liquid under the manhole cover has been empty, and disgusting leaves are floating. In many places, Master Yang almost doesn’t need to open the manhole cover. As long as he looks at the manhole cover, he will know if anyone has been here. This is the "sense of smell" that has been cultivated for many years.

　　"Just a Peking University Agricultural Park, you can get 200 kilograms of hogwash fat every day." Master Yang couldn’t talk about the business of Peking University, but he knew exactly where the important oil source was, and his words showed envy. A person from the catering department of Peking University said that in the normal school season, there are 50,000 people eating here every day, and the consumption of three meals a day is amazing.

　　"Peking University’s farm garden and spoon garden, these restaurants are all talked about, and they can get 400 kilograms to 500 kilograms of’ ditch oil’ a day." Master Yang said that big restaurants should pay twice a day, and small restaurants can do it once. After one year, a Peking University can make you at least 200,000 yuan, and "Tsinghua is similar".

　　In Tsinghua, near Peking University, there are 40,000 people dining, and there are 24 canteens in total. Oil diggers know this like the back of their hands. Because if you can package it, you can pay hundreds of barrels of oil a year (more than 100 kilograms of oil per barrel), including vegetable oil (fried oil, about several hundred kilograms) that can be sold at a higher price, which is an absolute considerable income.

　　"Beijing is a place where colleges and universities are densely populated. Hundreds of thousands of college students, plus hundreds of thousands of students who are studying, have a very large amount of kitchen waste, including gutter oil," said a person in the gutter oil industry. "If gutter oil is to be treated, colleges and universities should definitely be the first to be treated, because colleges and universities have catering centers to operate, and it is generally easier to manage by agreeing on a recycling company."

　　Master Yang estimated that universities should account for more than 10% of the "gutter oil" market in Beijing. Secondly, there are troops, large institutions in Beijing, large hospitals, etc., and their consumption of catering oil is no less than that of large catering enterprises.

　　On the surface, there is no need to pay for the recycling of "gutter oil" and kitchen waste in colleges and universities, but in fact, there are hidden rules. As far as the reporter knows, at present, the recycling of "gutter oil" in universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua, People’s Congress and Institute of Technology is carried out by enterprises that have not obtained formal qualifications. According to industry insiders, the entry threshold of some universities, including the most famous universities in China, is around tens of thousands of yuan every year. When interviewed by several universities, none of them gave a positive answer to this question.

　　This is just Beijing. The resident population in Beijing is only 16 million, and there are more than 30,000 employees engaged in the "gutter oil" industry in China, with an annual net profit of more than 3 billion yuan. This scale index is no less than that of a central enterprise under the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission.

　　process

　　Camouflage of processing plant

　　In the case of "gutter oil" uncovered by the Ministry of Public Security, a company named wesen Energy Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as wesen) came into public view. Recently, a reporter from China Business News went to the location of this company to investigate and found that the existence of an enterprise that manufactures and sells "gutter oil" like wesen is related to the lack of supervision.

　　Camouflage of "chemical enterprise"

　　"For the serious violations of Jinan wesen Energy Co., Ltd., neither the people nor the village cadres in the village know, and we usually have no chance to get close to the company’s factory building. When they came in under the guise of developing biodiesel, they didn’t have to say hello to us at all. We only knew that biodiesel was produced. " Yang Xinggang, Diaoshanpo Village, Pingyin County, Shandong Province, told reporters frankly.

　　The reporter interviewed several villagers in Diaoshanpo Village. Many villagers said that they didn’t know what this enterprise was doing until the police arrested Liu Liguo, the person in charge of wesen.

　　Diaoshanpo Town is a chemical town, with five series of leading products, including pesticides, dyes, pharmaceutical intermediates, refractories and catalysts, with an annual output value of more than 200 million yuan. Chemical industry has become a characteristic leading industry and one of the economic pillars of Diaoshanpo Town. Therefore, the emergence of wesen, in the eyes of most people, is just another chemical enterprise in Diaoshanpo Town.

　　Liu Liguo chose the refinery in the most sparsely populated place in the northwest of Diaoshanpo Village. The site used to belong to the seat of Diaoshanpo town government, and the land and factory buildings are state-owned, and the site of Mei Shuikou Co., Ltd. on the south side of it also belongs to the government land. Its west and north are farmland, and the processing factory in the east is separated by an asphalt road. In Yang Xinggang’s words, this site already belonged to state-owned land in the early 1990s, during which several factories were changed and built here. All taxes were owned by Pingyin Local Taxation Bureau, and it did not involve occupying villagers’ cultivated land, so it was naturally difficult to attract villagers’ attention.

　　Although the factory is located in Diaoshanpo, it has nothing to do with Diaoshanpo. Because the factory is heavily guarded at ordinary times, there are barbed wire and cameras around the factory, and villagers are generally afraid to get close.

　　In order to keep secret, most of the employees employed by the refinery are foreigners. The factory has also made strict regulations on the employees in the factory. All employees must be approved by the company leaders before entering the factory. The employees of the company are forbidden to bring outsiders, including family members, into the factory and talk to strangers, otherwise they will be fined.

　　According to a villager, one of his relatives worked in it for more than two months, and the salary offered by Green Company to employees was as high as 3,000 yuan, which is a "high salary" in the local area where agricultural income is the mainstay. However, the employee only worked in it for more than two months and really put up with the smell inside and quit.

　　Regulatory vacuum

　　The reporter learned from the information obtained by Pingyin Branch of Jinan Administration for Industry and Commerce that wesen Energy Company was established on June 7, 2010 with a registered capital of 1 million yuan, and its business scope covers the production and sales of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester), oleic acid, stearic acid and fatty acid.

　　Wesen has existed in the name of biodiesel for more than a year, and no government supervision department has supervised it. In this regard, the reporter interviewed the local industrial and commercial bureau and the Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision.

　　"wesen Energy Co., Ltd. turned to produce edible oil in the name of producing biodiesel, which is a kind of fraud. Our Administration for Industry and Commerce can only be responsible for the management of commodity quality and food safety in the circulation field and circulation links within its jurisdiction. " Zhang Yuhe, deputy director of Pingyin Industrial and Commercial Branch, explained this.

　　Zhang Jianhua, deputy director of Pingyin Branch of Jinan Municipal Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision, explained, "According to the Product Quality Law, the responsibility of the Quality Inspection Bureau is to carry out sampling supervision and inspection on certification products. Biodiesel is not a mandatory management product, so it is not included in the inspection. "

　　Under the regulatory vacuum, wesen "sells dog meat by hanging sheep’s head". It is understood that wesen buys "gutter oil" from Huang Qiang, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Guizhou and other places at a price of about 5,600 yuan per ton, and then processes it into edible oil and sells it at a price of about 8,300 yuan per ton. In the jargon of waste cooking oil processing, the waste cooking oil stored in the yard is called crude oil. If this oil is to be made into edible oil, it must go through at least three processes of hydrolysis, distillation and splitting, and finally the remaining oil is called red oil, which finally flows into the market. The amount of "red oil" produced by "gutter oil" is amazing. It is understood that wesen’s output reaches dozens of tons per day.

　　Yang Feng, a long-term owner of grain and oil sales in Diaoshanpo Village, told reporters that in fact, if these oils are used as edible oil, they are particularly easy to distinguish. You can know which is "gutter oil" and which is normal edible oil by smelling it. Under normal channels, the relevant departments can know the sales target of oil as long as they regularly check the sales invoices of "waste oil" processing enterprises.

　　The reporter’s investigation found that many local people did not believe that Liu Liguo, who was arrested, was the mastermind of the deep processing of "gutter oil". According to the announcement issued by wesen on June 28th, 2010, Jinan wesen Energy Co., Ltd. has an annual output of 40,000 tons of biodiesel, 10,000 tons of oleic acid and 10,000 tons of stearin. According to the announcement, the person in charge of the company is Zhong Chonggen, who has never appeared since the incident.

　　In addition, the corporate name of Green Company found by the reporter on industrial and commercial registration information is Yu Qingpeng, and this person has never appeared, and the reporter has not got in touch with him through various means.

　　According to the EIA of Shandong Academy of Sciences, the total investment of wesen project is 45 million yuan, and the annual profit after the project is completed is 15,748,400 yuan. But in fact, this enterprise has turned into a "gutter oil" factory. It is still a mystery how this transformation can be concealed.

　　place/territory under sb’s control

　　Division of forces of "gutter oil"

　　"Waste oil", a seemingly disdainful occupation, contains huge wealth.

　　"You don’t know this industry. There are many people who have made a fortune in this industry." Master Yang, who has been digging for "gutter oil" for many years, fiddled with the Apple iPhone4 mobile phone that he had bought for several months, giving an example of his family history. One started this business in the early 1990s, and now he has money. He bought several houses in Yizhuang, Beijing, and his son did nothing, so he went to take drugs and was arrested. The boss bought 50 acres of land in Beijing and even built a school at his own expense. Another boss, who started this business in 1991 and 1992, also made money. Now he has successfully extended his model to other places, and is building chains in other provinces to establish his own "gutter oil" kingdom. Not long ago, the boss built a new factory in Tianjin.

　　According to the reporter’s information, the "gutter oil" market in Beijing has been divided up by various forces from other places and divided into gangs. These gangs have their own relatively solid sites, especially in the outer suburbs of Beijing. For example, in Daxing District of Beijing, there are Yuan family, Ma brothers and Dou family from Anhui. In Mentougou, it is run by Cheng and Xu from Jiangsu, and in Fengtai District, it is run by Zhou, Shen and Wang from Jiangsu. In Chaoyang district, it is Tang’s, and in Fangshan, it is Cai’s.

　　"The oil and water in Beijing’s gutter oil industry was no secret around 2000." Master Wei, a practitioner of "waste oil" in Haidian District, introduced that in 1997, Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau set up Beijing Environment and Development Company, saying that it was an enterprise of Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau, but it was actually contracted by a private boss. Relying on the background of the Environmental Protection Bureau, this enterprise has collected more than 200 people engaged in the "waste oil" business in Beijing, and established two centralized waste oil treatment stations in Chaoyang and Fengtai. The two treatment stations take the central axis road of Chang ‘an Street in Beijing as the dividing line, with Chaoyang responsible for the west of the central axis road and Fengtai responsible for the east of the central axis road. "Every year, the East and the West each pay 600,000 yuan to the Environmental Protection Bureau, and the boss makes a net profit of nearly 8 million yuan, which was really not a small sum at that time." A person familiar with the matter said.

　　It was not until around 2003 that the company was dissolved by the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau because of the conflict between the boss of Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau and Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau. It is reported that for this reason, the private boss started a lawsuit with the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau, which ended unexpectedly in the failure of the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau. Beijing’s "gutter oil" market is in a dogfight again, while Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau is forced to withdraw from the "gutter oil" supervision market.

　　"However, for illegal operators, this does not mean that the profit in this market has decreased." An industry insider said. Lang Xianping, an economist, calculated that the price of edible oil in the market is 6000 yuan per ton, and the cost of "gutter oil" is probably 300 yuan, and the total profit of the whole "gutter oil" industry can reach 1.5 billion yuan to 2 billion yuan a year.

　　According to the estimation of Beijing Municipal Appearance Management Committee, the current authority in charge of "gutter oil" in Beijing, the total amount of "gutter oil" to be treated in Beijing market is more than 25,000 tons every year. According to Lang Xianping, if the profit range of one ton of "gutter oil" is at least 5,000 yuan, the total profit of 25,000 tons will be more than 125 million yuan.
　　(China News Network Liu Teng Sean)

　　Related videos:See how cattle people turn waste oil into diesel oil.

Editor’s Note: This article is from WeChat WeChat official account "Whale Merchant" (ID:bizwhale), by Wang Xiaoxuan, published by 36Kr with authorization.

Not long ago, the brand of cutting-edge consumer goods announced that it had completed the C++ round of financing within three years, with an amount exceeding 100 million yuan. This company, established in 2018, took only two years with sales exceeding 1 billion.

In recent years, the self-heating hot pot tide spawned by the "one-person food" single economy has caused brands such as Haidilao, Xiaolongkan and Kaixiaozao to flood in. After instant noodles, self-heating hot pot has been promoted to "a must-have for hoarding goods".

When the self-heating hot pot has become a "good heart" for young people and migrant workers, the instant food industry is also welcoming the category explosion, but the self-heating "evergreen style" seems to be turning into a "problem style", and the problems of safety and environmental protection have not only become the shortcomings of the brand, but also restricted the development of the industry.

The road to breaking the game is imminent.

Self-heating hot pot started in Wechat business in 2015. After nearly five years of development, it has gradually developed from online celebrity food to a popular self-heating fast food. From 2015 to 2019, the scale of China’s self-heating hot pot market rose from 233 million to 5.5 billion, and it is estimated that the market scale will reach 7 billion in 2020.

In fact, the technical barrier of self-heating chafing dish is not high, and its principle is the "heating method" in middle school chemistry textbooks. The aluminum powder, activated carbon, sodium bicarbonate and other substances in the heating bag react with the primary battery, which will release a lot of heat and sometimes release flammable gases such as hydrogen.

This food heating technology first appeared in the 1960s. At that time, in Belgium and the Netherlands, people had begun to use quicklime and water as a heating agent to heat mashed potatoes.

In the United States in the 1970s, it was inevitable that the army could not use naked fire to cook food because of bad weather or special strategic needs when performing tasks in the wild. In this case, more convenient self-heating technology came in handy. As military supplies, this is also the first industrial application of food self-heating technology, which was called "hot food of field rations" at that time.

The category of self-heating hot pot should start from 2015. At that time, the self-heating hot pot industry in China rose quietly, and only a few self-heating hot pot brands sold self-heating hot pot products through Wechat business channels, so the market popularity was low and the scale was difficult to expand.

Wechat business’s brand voice is low, the market cultivation degree is low, and it does not have its own production ability, the product quality control is not strict enough, and the user’s mind of self-heating hot pot has not yet been established. Only a small number of consumers know the existence of self-heating hot pot, which leads to the small market demand of self-heating hot pot and the inability to expand production.

From 2017 to 2018, at the moment when the brand of Wechat business was just emerging, many offline chain hot pot brands joined the track one after another, including Haidilao, Xiaolongkan, Dezhuang and Kaixiaozao. They have independent production, processing capacity, restaurant channels, control the taste and taste of hot pot ingredients, and have a natural customer base.

Taking Haidilao as an example, the launch of self-heating hot pot this time is another attempt of the brand in take-out. Before, the take-out of this kind of hot pot brand was always expensive, and it didn’t keep fresh and keep warm. Compared with hot pot take-out, self-heating hot pot has improved in presentation, product heating and heat preservation, and it has become a new product popular with consumers for a time.

Subsequently, they seized the opportunity to promote it through celebrity endorsements, pre-screening advertisements in cinemas and TV drama advertisements. At the same time, they settled in online channels such as Tmall, Taobao and JD.COM, and offline store channels such as convenience stores and supermarkets to further expand their customer base.

From left to right, there are Haidilao self-heating hot pot, Dezhuang self-heating hot pot and Xiaolongkan self-heating hot pot.

Zeng Yongxiong, vice president of Dezhuang Group, once recalled the madness of his peers. "At the Chongqing Hot Pot Festival in November 2017, I saw that almost all the participating hot pot brands launched self-heating hot pots."

However, these chain hot pot brands do not have the experience of making fast-moving consumer goods, and their ability to promote products and develop channels is not good. After 2018, the orders of many bottom factories, vegetable yards and meat factories fell rapidly, and small brands were eliminated one after another, which gave the opportunity of "latecomers".

Major food brands follow the trend. In 2017, Mo Xiaoxian took the lead on the stage of self-heating hot pot, and the price was 10-20 yuan, which was half cheaper than Haidilao’s 36.9 yuan, taking the route of small profits but quick turnover.

Coincidentally, Cai Hongliang, the founder of Baicaowei, made a comeback in the following year, and entered the self-heating hot pot camp to create a brand "self-hi pot", with prices ranging from 10 yuan to 30 yuan. On the day of "double 11" in 2018, the sales volume of self-heating chafing dish in the whole network exceeded 4.5 million copies, which was more than doubled year-on-year. Since then, the self-heating chafing dish industry has entered a stage of rapid development.　　

According to the third-party data, in June 2020, the market share of Haidilao and Zihaiguo reached 13.12% and 11.27% respectively, except Mo Xiaoxian, which reached 9.83%, all other brands were around 5% or below.

Among them, the development of self-shabu-shabu is particularly rapid. In 2018, the flagship store of self-shabu-shabu Tmall was launched, and the sales volume of single products became the first in 24 hours, reaching 100 million in the third quarter. In 2019, the overall marketing volume exceeded 500 million, and the turnover in the first half of 2020 exceeded 600 million.

Behind these beautiful figures, it is the credit of self-defeating marketing.

At first, Kenny Lin was invited to promote the advantages of the product with sufficient weight and good taste on social platforms such as Weibo and live broadcast, and humorous product advertisements were filmed for the promotion. A large number of stars filmed videos of eating the pot, attracting a large number of consumers to imitate and buy the hot pot products.

After the red-hot pot was ushered in, it quickly spent hundreds of millions of yuan to put creative pre-screening advertisements in major cinemas, such as Wanda, Dadi, China Film and other well-known cinemas, to stimulate consumers’ desire to buy through advertising videos, and to drive the sales growth of the pot products.

Open a small stove similar to a self-contained pot, boarded Tmall in December 2019, and became the 618 category TOP 1 in half a year; During the period of double 11 in 2020, more than 130,000 sets of products launched by the brand were all sold out in one minute, and the brand also won the TOP1 category of self-heating rice in double 11. Later, Sean Xiao, a popular star, was invited to be the spokesperson for Kaixiaozao, who was well versed in fan economy, to highlight the brand personality and youthful image.

Film and television dramas are also one of the ways to promote the brand of self-heating hot pot. In the TV series "School of Youth", the protagonist Lin Miaomiao has been allowed to enjoy eating self-cooking pots many times. With the rapid popularity of film and television dramas such as "School of Youth" and "Eye of the Storm", a large number of consumers began to buy self-cooking pots to taste.

After a set of marketing combination boxing, Zigui Pot enhanced the brand awareness, and the sales volume rose sharply. It won the first place in the same category of Tmall JD.COM on the day of "618" in 2018, the first place in the same category of "Double Eleven" in 2018, and the TOP1 brand of MAT2020 instant food sales.　

Excerpted from CBNData《2021 Insight Report on Instant Food Industry "

Mo Xiaoxian, one of the competing products of the pot, is also based on TV dramas and variety shows, and at the same time, new media such as live broadcasts and short videos are arranged. The brand also sponsored Mango TV "Daughters’ Love 2" and implanted the brand in 10 TV series. In terms of new media, Mo Xiaoxian cooperated with KOL on mainstream social media such as Weibo, Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, bilibili, Today’s Headline, Xiaohongshu, WeChat WeChat official account, etc., and shared grass in matrix.

Among these brands, Mo Xiaoxian and Xiao Zao are all online and offline, and only the early self-cooking pot is a pure online brand, grasping the in-station traffic of mainstream e-commerce channels such as Tmall and JD.COM. After November 2018, it was only after the shabu-shabu that it entered the offline channel, and 80% of the cities distributed goods online, seeking the second growth pole.

In fact, offline channels have also brought considerable achievements to the pot. It is reported that in 2019, the overall sales of self-cooking pots, which were only established for two years, exceeded 500 million yuan, of which 70% came from offline dealers. Recently, the new brand "Xiaoqi Kitchen", which is a high-profile brand, mainly consists of various condiments such as stir-fry sauce and bibimbap sauce, and obviously needs to expand the category boundary.

In October, 2020, Zigui Pot began to set up an offline store named "Zigui Pot Hot Pot Clay Pot Rice" in Hangzhou, Shanghai and other places, mainly engaged in clay pot rice with ingredients from Zigui Pot. There are more than 30 kinds of dishes in the store, and the per capita consumption is around 30 yuan. This attempt to enter the offline store from the pot is not only to enhance the brand communication, but also to try to find new performance explosion points.

In terms of categories, the older the players of self-heating hot pot, and the capital support, the brand realizes that "hot pot" is not daily enough, and category innovation is needed to cater to the taste buds of different consumers and the needs of different consumption scenarios.　

Self-cooking pot opens a mesh matrix product innovation, expanding many categories such as clay pot rice, bento, vermicelli, zongzi, and hundreds of SKUs, covering self-heating, brewing, quick cooking, ready-to-eat and other ways of use. Among them, "self-heated rice" has become the "new standard" for young people.　

Its brand has also launched a series of sub-brands of self-heating snail powder and boiled noodles-"Picture", in which "Picture" can be eaten after boiled in cold water. The products include Chinese bagged noodles, Chinese boxed noodles, Chinese barreled noodles and Japanese barreled noodles.　

Kaixiaozao and Sanjiu Weitai jointly launched the "Angelica Pork Belly Chicken" self-heating rice, which made the self-heating products that consumers always thought were "unhealthy" look healthier. Some consumers even added raw eggs, vegetables and other ingredients to the self-heating rice, which not only ensured nutrition, but also enhanced the fun of "cooking".

These "routines" make the self-heating hot pot brand quickly start to become a leader in the industry. However, the accompanying security questions have never stopped, and even become more obvious.

On the black cat complaint platform, there are 141 complaints about the self-help cooker and 30 complaints about Mo Xiaoxian. More than 40 complaints are about the self-help cooker eating foreign bodies such as hair, sand and insects. There are also many complaints about damaged heating packages and false propaganda.　

It can be seen that the problem of unclean ingredients in self-heating hot pot is not uncommon. Its dishes are similar to hot pot, with lunch meat, vermicelli, lotus root, fish balls and other foods as the main ingredients, and basically do not use green vegetables that can not be preserved. However, this kind of nutrition is not balanced, and high salt, oil and fat have become the labels of self-heating hot pot, and its oil and salt content generally exceeds the recommended intake of China Nutrition Society.

According to Zhu Danpeng, a food industry analyst in China, the rapid development of self-heating food driven by the epidemic situation is a phased dividend. In the future, with the gradual deepening of the "home economy", there will be a certain market for this kind of food. However, at present, the self-heating food industry still lacks relevant national standards, and food enterprises need to ensure good quality. This kind of online celebrity products have a long way to go if they want to stay popular.

The State Council has also issued a number of convenience food-related policies in terms of food safety and technological upgrading, in order to facilitate a healthy competitive environment in the food industry, unify industry standards and accelerate the steady development of the industry.　

Excerpted from CBNData《2021 Insight Report on Instant Food Industry "

In addition to the safety and hygiene of ingredients, consumers are more concerned about the safety problems in the heating process, such as whether the lime bag will explode, burn and endanger personal safety. This concern is not out of nothing, and similar adverse safety incidents have occurred many times, and consumer complaints are also increasing.

Although the package of self-heating hot pot is written in bold red letters "No eating, no hot water and no naked flame", there are still many safety problems of self-heating hot pot every year.

Firefighters conducted an experiment on National Fire Safety Day in 2020. You can see four security risks.

First, if the steam port of the self-heating hot pot is blocked, an explosion may occur. In fact, even if the steam port is not blocked, because it is heated to a high temperature in a short time, the steam released will be sprayed on people, which may also lead to burns.　

Second, the sudden warming of the lower surface of the self-heating hot pot will lead to the sudden warming of the placed desktop. If the table top material is not malleable (such as ceramics or glass), local overheating may lead to cracking. And if the desktop is not heat-resistant, it may be burnt-although it does not cause harm, it is not worth damaging the furniture.

Third, the contents of the heating bag itself are dangerous goods. Calcium lime in a self-heating bag can be regarded as "inflammable and explosive dangerous goods" with iron powder and aluminum powder.　

Fourth, we should also consider the environmental impact. After the hot pot is heated, quicklime becomes hydrated lime, which is very corrosive. Throwing a considerable amount of hydrated lime into the environment will have a great impact on the disposal site. In food production, the waste with high acidity and alkalinity cannot be directly discarded or discharged, while the garbage from self-heating chafing dish can be regarded as "harmful waste".

As the head brand of self-heating food industry, self-cooking pot began to build automation technology factories in order to change the above situation, and 10 factories were built in three months, totaling 450,000 square meters.

Self-cooking pot and Chongqing Institute of Quality and Standardization also participated in drafting the group standards of Self-heating Instant Food and Heating Package for Food, which led the self-heating food industry to a higher standard with self-discipline.

In order to reduce costs and improve production efficiency, Zihiguo has built a 30,000-square-meter taste center in Chongqing, and built intelligent factories in Henan, Jiangsu and other 10 places, adding automatic assembly lines, which greatly increased production capacity and released two-thirds of the labor force. Make products more attractive in price by saving costs.

In terms of packaging, Zigui Pot gradually gave up plastic packaging, and invested a lot of human and financial resources to develop and more environmentally friendly packaging products. In the past, the commonly used red and black plastic packaging boxes have been changed from self-cooking pots to more environmentally friendly ones, and the sugarcane paper outer boxes made of national environmental protection materials can be directly degraded, which is more environmentally friendly and safe. The silvery-looking self-cooking lunch box can also be waterproof and oil-proof, and can also be cooked at high temperature, making it more convenient to use.

Nowadays, more and more brands have joined in the battlefield of self-heating food, and the head player such as self-cooking pot can only make haste to avoid frequent hidden dangers such as food safety, so as to continue to "hey" on this road.

Who can get the subsidy?
What is the subsidy standard?
What is the specific application process?
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Attention enterprises! There are subsidies for absorbing employment!

(1) Vocational training subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

For enterprises that have newly hired children from poor families, college graduates in the graduation year, fresh junior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, rural migrant workers, and registered unemployed people in cities and towns, who have signed labor contracts for more than one year and participated in job skills training within one year from the date of signing the labor contract, they will be given vocational training subsidies to individual employees or enterprises after obtaining vocational qualification certificates.

Employees of enterprises who participate in new apprenticeship training and technician training and obtain vocational qualification certificates shall be given subsidies for individual employees or enterprises’ vocational training.

Enterprises, farmers’ professional cooperatives, poverty alleviation workshops and other production and business entities that absorb the employment of poor laborers and carry out training on behalf of workers will be given vocational training subsidies for no more than 6 months according to the number of people absorbed.

Enterprises affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, in the downtime, recovery period, organize employees to participate in online and offline training, according to the provisions included in the scope of subsidized training.

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

3. Application process:

Enterprises applying for job skills training, technician training and new apprenticeship training subsidies should provide tax invoices issued by training institutions to the human society department. Enterprises should report the training plan, the roster of trainers and a copy of the labor contract to the local community department for the record before carrying out technician training or new apprenticeship training.

After the audit of the human and social departments, the training subsidies or cost of living allowance funds applied by individuals shall be paid to the applicant’s own social security card bank account (or other bank account, which is chosen by the applicant independently, the same below) or personal credit account according to regulations; For enterprises and training institutions to apply for or directly supplement the training subsidy funds of training institutions, they shall be paid to the bank accounts of enterprises and training institutions.

(2) Social insurance subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

Units that employ people with employment difficulties and pay social insurance premiums. (Persons with employment difficulties refer to those who find it difficult to achieve employment due to physical condition, skill level, family factors, land loss and other reasons, and those who have been unemployed for a certain period of time and have not yet achieved employment. The specific scope is determined by the provincial people’s governments and dynamic adjustment is implemented.)

Units that place people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts and pay social insurance premiums. And units that resettle personnel through temporary public welfare posts such as disinfection and epidemic prevention, cleaning and sanitation (the deadline for acceptance is December 31, 2020).

Recruit college graduates who have not been employed within 2 years after leaving school, sign labor contracts for more than 1 year and pay social insurance premiums.

2. Subsidy standard:

Units that recruit or place people with employment difficulties shall be subsidized according to the basic old-age insurance premium, basic medical insurance premium and unemployment insurance premium actually paid by them, excluding the individual contribution. The subsidy period can be extended to retirement except for those who are less than 5 years away from the statutory retirement age, and the rest of the staff shall not exceed 3 years at the longest. During the period of phased reduction and exemption of social insurance premiums, the social insurance subsidies for enterprises to absorb people with employment difficulties may be postponed. The term of social security subsidy for temporary public welfare posts shall not exceed 6 months.

After the expiration of the public welfare post, it is still difficult to achieve employment through other channels. Older people with employment difficulties, zero-employment family members, severely disabled people and other special difficulties can be resettled through public welfare posts again according to procedures. The subsidy period is recalculated and submitted to the provincial people’s society and the financial department for the record. In principle, the cumulative number of resettlement times is not more than 2 times. From January 1 to December 31, 2020, if the policy of engaging in public welfare posts has not yet achieved stable employment, the policy enjoyment period can be extended by one year.

For small and micro enterprises that recruit qualified college graduates, subsidies will be given according to the basic pension, basic medical care and unemployment insurance premiums actually paid by college graduates, excluding the individual contributions, and the maximum period will not exceed one year.

3. Application process:

Social insurance subsidies shall be paid first, and the following requirements shall be followed according to the specific use of funds:

Units that employ people with employment difficulties and small and micro enterprises that employ qualified college graduates shall provide the following materials to local social departments: basic identity certificates (including ID cards, employment and entrepreneurship certificates, employment and unemployment registration certificates, social security cards, whichever is available, the same below) or copies of graduation certificates and labor contracts.

Units that place people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts shall provide copies of basic identity certificates to local community departments when applying for social insurance subsidies.

After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the bank account of the unit.

(3) Public welfare post subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

People with employment difficulties who are placed in public welfare posts, poor laborers who set up files and set up cards, and people who are placed in temporary public welfare posts such as disinfection and epidemic prevention, cleaning and sanitation developed in various places (the deadline for acceptance is December 31, 2020).

2. Subsidy standard:

The public welfare post subsidy standard shall be implemented with reference to the local minimum wage standard. The maximum subsidy period is not more than 3 years, and it can be extended to retirement if it is less than 5 years away from the statutory retirement age. After the expiration of the subsidy, it is still difficult to achieve employment through other channels, such as elderly people with employment difficulties, zero-employment family members, severely disabled people and other people with special difficulties. They can be resettled again through public welfare posts according to procedures, and the subsidy period will be recalculated and submitted to the provincial people’s society and the financial department for the record. In principle, the cumulative number of resettlement times will not exceed 2 times. From January 1 to December 31, 2020, if the policy of engaging in public welfare posts has not yet achieved stable employment, the policy enjoyment period can be extended by one year.

The rural public welfare post subsidy standard is determined according to factors such as labor time and labor intensity, and in principle it is not higher than the local urban public welfare post subsidy level. For the resettlement personnel, the longest term of the labor contract or labor service agreement signed is not more than one year.

The subsidy standard for temporary public welfare posts is determined according to the work tasks and working hours, and the maximum subsidy period is no more than 6 months.

3. Application process:

Units that resettle people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts and set up files for poor laborers should provide the following materials to the local social departments when applying for public welfare post subsidies: a copy of the basic identity certificate, a detailed account of wages paid by the unit, etc.

After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the bank account of the unit or the bank account of the social security card of the public welfare post placement personnel.

(4) Employment trainee subsidy

1. Subsidy target:

Units that recruit unemployed college graduates and unemployed youth aged 16-24 who have left school for 2 years to participate in employment internships.

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department. Subsidies are used by trainee units to pay the basic living expenses of trainees during their probation, to handle personal accident insurance for trainees, and to guide and manage the trainees.

The trainee probation period retention rate reached more than 50% of the units, can be appropriately raised trainee subsidy standards.

If the probation is temporarily suspended due to the epidemic situation, the subsidy period of the probation unit shall be extended accordingly. For those who sign labor contracts with college graduates before the probation period, the probation unit shall be given a probation subsidy for the remaining period.

3. Application process:

The trainee unit provides the following materials to the local community department: a copy of the basic identity certificate (or graduation certificate), an employment internship agreement, a detailed account (form) for the basic living allowance issued by the unit, and a copy of the personal accident insurance invoice for the trainee.

After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the bank account of the unit.

(five) a one-time absorption of employment subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

Enterprises that recruit registered unemployed people for more than half a year and sign labor contracts for more than one year and pay social insurance according to regulations (the implementation period is 2020);

Enterprises that started production and distribution of urgently needed materials for epidemic prevention and control during the Spring Festival in 2020 (as of February 9);

Small and medium-sized enterprises that employ college graduates in the graduation year and sign labor contracts for more than one year (the deadline for policy acceptance is December 31, 2020).

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

3. Application process:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

Employment and entrepreneurship also have subsidies!

(1) Vocational training subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

Children from poor families, college graduates in graduation year, fresh junior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, rural migrant workers, and registered unemployed people in cities and towns have participated in employment skills training and entrepreneurship training, and obtained vocational qualification certificates after training (or vocational skill grade certificates, special vocational ability certificates, and training qualification certificates).

2. Subsidy standard:

It is determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department according to the training cost, training duration, market demand and obtaining relevant certificates.

Rural students and urban low-income family students who participate in the labor preparation training, as well as those with employment difficulties and zero-employment family members who participate in the training in 2019 and 2020, will be given certain cost of living allowance during the training period.

3. Application process:

The above-mentioned personnel provide the following materials to the local community department: the original or photocopy of the basic identity certificate, the tax invoice issued by the training institution (or the administrative fee bill, the same below), etc.

After the audit of the human and social departments, the training subsidies or cost of living allowance funds applied by individuals shall be paid to the applicant’s own social security card bank account (or other bank accounts, which shall be chosen by the applicant independently, the same below) or personal credit account according to regulations.

(two) occupation skill appraisal subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

Children of poor families who have passed the initial vocational skill appraisal and obtained the vocational qualification certificate (excluding the training certificate), college graduates in graduation year, junior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, migrant workers in rural areas, and registered unemployed people in cities and towns.

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department. For those who are included in the guidance catalogue for the evaluation of vocational qualifications and vocational skills in key industries, the subsidy standard may be appropriately raised.

3. Application process:

The above-mentioned personnel provide the following materials to the local community department: the original or photocopy of the basic identity certificate, the tax invoice (or administrative fee bill) issued by the vocational skill appraisal institution, etc.

After the human and social departments review, the subsidy funds will be paid to the applicant’s own social security card bank account.

(3) Social insurance subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

Flexible employment of people with employment difficulties, flexible employment of college graduates who have not been employed within 2 years after leaving school.

2. Subsidy standard:

According to the social insurance premium paid after flexible employment, a certain amount of social insurance subsidy shall be given, which shall not exceed 2/3 of the actual payment in principle.

The term of social security subsidies for people with employment difficulties shall not exceed 3 years at the longest, and may be extended to retirement for those who are less than 5 years away from the statutory retirement age. The maximum period of social security subsidies for college graduates shall not exceed 2 years. From January 1 to December 31, 2020, if the subsidy policy expires and stable employment has not been achieved, the policy enjoyment period can be extended by one year.

3. Application process:

The above-mentioned personnel shall provide the original or photocopy of the basic identity certificate and the flexible employment certificate to the local community department.

After the human and social departments review, the subsidy funds will be paid to the bank account of the unit or the bank account of the applicant’s own social security card.

(4) One-time job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies

1. Subsidy target:

College graduates and secondary vocational school graduates from low-income families, poor disabled families, poverty-stricken families and extremely poor people who have the will to find jobs and start businesses in the graduation school year, disabled college graduates and secondary vocational school graduates who have obtained national student loans. Hubei universities and graduates from Hubei universities in 2020.

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

3. Application process:

Eligible graduates apply for job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies in their schools, and should provide local social departments with proof materials, copies of student status certificates, etc. for graduates to obtain national student loans (or poor families with subsistence allowances, physical disabilities, poverty-stricken disabled families, and poor relief and support). The application materials shall be subject to the preliminary examination and publicity of the school where the graduates are located.

After the audit by the local community department, the subsidy funds will be paid to the bank account of the graduate’s own social security card.

(5) One-time business start-up subsidy

1. Subsidy target:

In qualified areas, small and micro enterprises are established for the first time or engaged in self-employment, and the established enterprises or individual industrial and commercial households have been operating normally for more than one year since the date of industrial and commercial registration, college graduates, people with employment difficulties and entrepreneurs who have returned to their hometowns within two years. One-time business start-up subsidies for poor laborers will be relaxed to normal operation for more than 6 months.

2. Subsidy standard:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

3. Application process:

Determined by the provincial people’s society and the financial department.

More employment services ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

What employment support was provided during the epidemic? How do migrant workers return to work? Where can I apply for unemployment benefits? In order to make it convenient for everyone to know the latest employment policies and obtain convenient employment services in time, we jointly launched the epidemic response employment service area with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the client applet was officially launched in the State Council.

Scan sunflower code to enter the employment service area