The brakes fail while driving. Can you turn off the car?

Careful drivers may find that when the vehicle is turned off, the brakes can’t be stepped on. Many drivers wonder why this is so. Some drivers may consider that if the car stalls during driving, will the brakes fail? How do I park my car?

After the flameout, why can’t the brakes be pressed?

After the car is turned off, some cars are hard to step on the brakes, and some cars are empty and unresponsive. This phenomenon has also been discovered by many drivers. The specific reason is simply that the car brakes need the engine to work to generate vacuum to provide brake power. After the engine is turned off, the vacuum required for brake power is gone, so the brakes can’t be stepped on.

Cann’t you step on the brakes when you’re driving?

According to the above theory, after the car is turned off, the brakes should really be stuck, but this is only limited to automatic cars. Because after the automatic car is turned off, the engine immediately stops rotating, even if it is hung in the D gear, the wheels can’t drive the engine to rotate, and without rotation, it can’t produce vacuum power.

However, the manual transmission car is different. After the engine is turned off, as long as it is not in neutral, the rotation of the wheels can still reverse the rotation of the engine. As long as the engine rotates, it can continue to generate vacuum and provide braking assistance. Therefore, when the manual transmission car is turned off during driving, don’t put it in neutral, keep the original gear and just step on the brake, which can also give the engine a reverse braking force and make it easier to stop.

What should I do if I turn off the engine while driving?

How to stop the car when the automatic brake fails? Remember these operations to save your life. No matter what car it is, the brake is always the most critical core, which is directly related to the safety of all of us. It is a creepy thing for every driver to hear that the brakes are out of order. When encountering such things, we must be calm and often panic, and blind operation will only brew a bigger accident. The essence of the difference between automatic transmission and manual transmission is that the gears of automatic transmission are divided into P, R, D, L, S and N. Although there are so many gears in automatic cars, most car owners like to use D gear when driving, because this gear is really convenient to operate. But what should you do once the brakes of an automatic car fail and the speed is at a high speed of 120 yards?

When the brakes fail, the first thing to do is to calm down, don’t be very impatient, and don’t touch the west. If you turn the steering wheel wrong, there will probably be an accident. The first thing you have to do is to turn on the double flash in the car. Only when the double flash is turned on, the people behind will know that there is something wrong with your car, and they will pay attention. When they approach you, they will slow down and bypass you. If your car is automatic, you can switch to manual mode, which is a car that can reduce the gear and brake automatically. You can also shift the second gear first, and then shift the L gear, but be careful not to shift the P gear or the R gear to avoid accidents. If these don’t work, you need to find some objects and make full use of friction to reduce the speed and achieve the braking effect.

Rational use of control vehicles. Automatic transmission When it is found that the brake of the vehicle is out of order, first release the accelerator pedal, and put the gear on the manual transmission to lower the gear from the high gear to the low gear in turn. Among them, the braking effect of automatic transmission vehicles is generally not as obvious as that of manual transmission vehicles, and some vehicles will prohibit automatic gearbox downshifting in order to protect the gearbox, so the gears should be lowered in turn after each downshift. Similarly, when pulling, the brake release button should be pressed and pulled continuously, and it cannot be pulled to death. The same is true for electronics. After pulling, press it until the vehicle stops and hangs in the parking gear. If the brakes suddenly fail when the car is driving at high speed, it can be braked directly by electronics. After starting the electronics, the braking system will brake the four wheels slightly lower than the full braking, and the full braking will only be carried out when the speed of the car slows down or is close to a stop. However, it is worth reminding that in the process of emergency braking, if the vehicle is turned off, the electronic function still works. It should be noted that the electronic switch must be held, and only in this way can the braking effect be achieved. It’s useless if you just pull it and let it go.

1. Don’t hesitate to step on the brakes immediately.

After the vehicle is turned off, the vacuum of brake booster will not be lost immediately, and the brake will not fail immediately, but there is no power booster system, and the brake pedal is hard to step on, which can not achieve normal braking effect. But our top priority is not to hesitate. We should put on the brakes at once and use a little more strength. Usually, we can stop the car.

When braking, don’t step on it twice, because stepping on the first foot will consume the vacuum, and the braking effect will be greatly weakened when stepping on the second foot, so you need to step on it once, and you can’t choose to use the point brake method.

2. Don’t hit the direction

The engine not only provides braking power, but also provides steering power for the steering wheel. When the engine is turned off, the steering pump that provides power for the steering wheel will also lose power. At this time, the force required to turn the steering wheel is very large, and it is hard for an adult to turn, making it even more difficult for girls to turn. So at this time, we should not beat the steering wheel, so as not to turn back, just grasp the direction and keep the vehicle straight.

control

After the brake fails, it can be used to brake, but it should be controlled properly, and the car should not be pulled suddenly because of panic, otherwise the steel wire rope will be broken because of excessive force, which will make the car fail, or the rear wheel of the car will be locked and the car will be out of control.

The correct way is: in high-speed driving, the first thing to do is to loosen the throttle and slow down by downshifting. When the speed is slightly stable and obviously drops, pull the car to stop slowly, and tighten, loosen, tighten and loosen it several times to slow down the car. It should be noted that when pulling the handle of the car, you should press the safety button of the handle, so that the handle can be operated freely in the process of tightening and loosening, and the car can be prevented from locking when tightening.

The electronics of some models also have the function of assisting emergency braking (this function needs to consult the manufacturer or dealer). If extreme conditions occur during driving, you can first release the throttle and operate the electronic button to brake the vehicle. This situation is somewhat complicated. By pulling up the button, the vehicle will brake urgently. Note: at this time, the braking of the vehicle is not mechanical parking. Under high speed, the emergency braking is to hydraulically brake all four wheels through the ESP control unit with a force slightly less than the full braking force, and when the vehicle is close to the static state, it can be slowed down or parked directly by electronics.

Forced downshift

In this way, manual transmission and automatic transmission are different. A car with manual transmission should first step on the clutch to the end, then retreat into neutral and then release the clutch. Then step on the accelerator as much as possible, and then step on the clutch to the end. At this time, retreat to the low gear, put the clutch in a semi-linkage posture and put it back. Automatic transmission vehicles can adjust the gear by shifting paddles and manual modes.

Emergency lane avoidance

If the above methods still can’t brake, you need to turn on the double flash at this time to avoid hurting innocent vehicles. At the same time, it is necessary to find some suitable sections to slow down. It is a good choice to have that kind of emergency escape or uphill road.

Why did it stall?

When the vehicle stops, it can’t be started by ignition, and it is ready to drive away. We must first check what causes the flameout. Usually, there are three reasons:

1. Device failure

Generally, the ignition coil, capacitor and electronic ignition module fail. Usually, there is no problem in the initial ignition, but it will turn off after a period of time, and then it will turn off after a period of time, so frequently.

2. Circuit failure

In case of flameout caused by low-voltage power failure during driving, the switch and fuse box of the starter should be checked at this time.

3. Oil circuit failure

There is no oil in the fuel tank, the gasoline pump is damaged, the oil pipe is broken, and the oil inlet is blocked, all of which may cause the car to stall during driving. The car stall caused by oil circuit failure is usually difficult to start again, but sometimes it can be re-ignited.

When the car turns off during driving, you should first be calm and don’t panic. If the brakes really can’t stop the car, you can choose to pass, but be careful not to pull the brake line too hard, so it will not pay off. There is another way to quickly put N gear, and then start the car by ignition during driving, but at this time, you must pay attention to the surrounding vehicles, and if necessary, you can turn on the double flash to remind the surrounding vehicles. When you start up, you still have to park the vehicle on the side of the road slowly, and then get off the bus to check the vehicle failure.

Decision of the State Council on Amending the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination

decree of the state council of the people’s republic of china
No.668

  The Decision of the State Council on Amending the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination has been adopted at the 129th executive meeting of the State Council in April 13, 2016, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.
                           premier
Li Keqiang
                             April 23, 2016

 

The State Council on the revision of the "vaccine circulation and
Decision on the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccination

  The State Council has decided to make the following amendments to the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination:
  I Article 10 shall be amended as: "The procurement of vaccines shall be conducted through the provincial public resource trading platform."
  II. Article 15 is amended as: "Category II vaccines are centrally purchased by provincial disease prevention and control institutions on provincial public resource trading platforms, and are purchased by county-level disease prevention and control institutions from vaccine production enterprises and then supplied to vaccination units in their respective administrative regions.
  "Vaccine production enterprises shall directly distribute the second kind of vaccines to county-level disease prevention and control institutions, or entrust enterprises with cold chain storage and transportation conditions to distribute them. Enterprises entrusted with the distribution of vaccines of Category II shall not entrust the distribution.
  "County-level disease prevention and control institutions can charge vaccine fees and storage and transportation fees for supplying second-class vaccines to vaccination units. Vaccine fees are charged according to the purchase price, and storage and transportation fees are charged according to the provisions of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. The charges should be made public. "
  III. Article 16 is amended as: "Disease prevention and control institutions, inoculation entities, vaccine production enterprises and enterprises entrusted to distribute vaccines shall abide by the management norms for vaccine storage and transportation and ensure the quality of vaccines. The whole process of vaccine storage and transportation should always be in the specified temperature environment, and should not be separated from the cold chain, and the temperature should be monitored and recorded regularly. For vaccines with long cold chain transportation time and need to be distributed to remote areas, provincial disease prevention and control institutions should put forward the requirement of temperature control labels.
  "The relevant specifications for vaccine storage and transportation management are formulated by the health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments of the State Council."
  4. Paragraph 1 of Article 17 is amended as: "When selling vaccines, vaccine production enterprises shall provide copies of each batch of biological products that have passed the inspection or been examined and approved by drug inspection institutions according to law, and affix the corporate seal; If you sell imported vaccines, you should also provide a copy of the customs clearance form for imported drugs and affix the corporate seal. "
  V. Article 18 is amended as: "Vaccine production enterprises shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Drug Administration Law and the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, establish true and complete sales records and keep them for future reference beyond the effective period of vaccines for 2 years.
  "Disease prevention and control institutions shall, in accordance with the provisions of the competent department of health in the State Council, establish a true and complete record of purchase, storage, distribution and supply, so that tickets, accounts, goods and funds are consistent, and keep them for more than 2 years for future reference. When the disease prevention and control institutions receive or purchase vaccines, they should ask for the temperature monitoring records of the whole process of vaccine storage and transportation; If the whole process temperature monitoring record cannot be provided or the temperature control does not meet the requirements, it shall not be accepted or purchased, and it shall immediately report to the drug supervision and administration department and the competent health department. "
  Six, the first paragraph of Article 23 is amended as: "Inoculation units receiving vaccines of Category I or purchasing vaccines of Category II shall ask for temperature monitoring records of the whole process of vaccine storage and transportation, and establish and keep true and complete records of receipt and purchase, so that tickets, accounts, goods and funds are consistent. If the whole process temperature monitoring record cannot be provided or the temperature control does not meet the requirements, the inoculation unit shall not accept or purchase it, and shall immediately report it to the drug supervision and administration department and the competent health department of the local county-level people’s government. "
  7. Paragraph 2 of Article 25 is amended as: "Medical and health personnel shall inoculate the recipients who meet the inoculation conditions, and record the identification information of the vaccine variety, the manufacturer and the smallest packaging unit, the expiration date, the inoculation time, the medical and health personnel who carried out the inoculation, the recipients, etc. in accordance with the provisions of the competent health department of the State Council. The storage time of vaccination records shall not be less than 5 years. "
  Eight, the second paragraph of Article 46 is amended as: "If it is necessary to compensate the recipients for the abnormal reaction of vaccination caused by vaccination of Class I vaccine, the compensation expenses shall be arranged by the financial departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the funds for vaccination work. If it is necessary to compensate the recipients for the abnormal reaction caused by vaccination of the second kind of vaccine, the compensation expenses shall be borne by the relevant vaccine production enterprises. The state encourages the establishment of a mechanism to compensate the recipients of abnormal vaccination reactions through commercial insurance. "
  IX. Article 52 is amended as: "When health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments find vaccine quality problems, abnormal reactions to vaccination and other situations, they shall inform each other in time to realize information sharing."
  10. One article is added as Article 54: "The State shall establish a whole-course traceability system for vaccines. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall, jointly with the health authorities of the State Council, formulate a unified technical specification for vaccine traceability system.
  "Vaccine production enterprises, disease prevention and control institutions, and inoculation entities shall establish a vaccine traceability system in accordance with the provisions of the Drug Administration Law, these Regulations, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and the competent health department, truthfully record the information on the circulation and use of vaccines, and realize the traceability of the whole process of the production, storage, transportation and use of the minimum packaging unit of vaccines.
  "The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council and the health authorities of the State Council will establish a full-time traceability cooperation mechanism for vaccines."
  11. One article is added as Article 55: "Disease prevention and control institutions and inoculation entities shall truthfully register vaccines whose packages are unrecognizable, have expired, are out of the cold chain, fail to meet the standards after inspection, and have unknown sources, and report to the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department of the people’s government at the county level where they are located, and the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department of the people’s government at the county level shall, jointly with the competent health department at the same level, supervise the destruction according to regulations. Disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units shall truthfully record the destruction, and the destruction records shall be kept for not less than 5 years. "
  12. Article 54 is renumbered as Article 56, which is amended as: "If the health administrative department or drug supervision and administration department of the people’s government at or above the county level violates the provisions of these Regulations and has any of the following circumstances, the people’s government at the same level, the health administrative department of the people’s government at a higher level or the drug supervision and administration department shall order it to make corrections, informed criticism; If it causes personal injury to the recipient, the spread and epidemic of infectious diseases or other serious consequences, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; If the consequences are particularly serious, the principal responsible person shall also take the blame and resign; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:
  "(a) failing to perform the duties of supervision and inspection in accordance with the provisions of these regulations, or failing to investigate and deal with illegal acts in time;
  "(2) Failing to timely verify and handle the report that the lower-level health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments fail to perform their duties of supervision and administration;
  "(3) Failing to immediately organize the investigation and handling after receiving the relevant report of abnormal reaction or suspected abnormal reaction of vaccination;
  "(four) unauthorized mass vaccination;
  "(5) Other dereliction of duty and dereliction of duty in violation of these regulations."
  XIII. Article 55 is renumbered as Article 57 and amended as: "If the people’s governments at or above the county level fail to perform their duties of vaccination protection in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations, the people’s governments at higher levels shall order them to make corrections, informed criticism; Causing the spread, epidemic or other serious consequences of infectious diseases, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; In areas where particularly serious vaccine quality and safety incidents have occurred or where serious vaccine quality and safety incidents have occurred continuously, the main person in charge of the people’s government should also take the blame and resign; If it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. "
  Fourteen, change Article 56 to Article 58, and the first paragraph is amended as: "In any of the following circumstances, the competent health department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, and informed criticism shall give it a warning; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to demotion:
  "(1) Failing to distribute Class I vaccines to lower-level disease prevention and control institutions, inoculation units and township-level medical and health institutions according to the use plan;
  "(2) Failing to establish and keep records of vaccine purchase, storage, distribution and supply in accordance with regulations;
  "(3) Failing to ask for temperature monitoring records in accordance with regulations when receiving or purchasing vaccines, receiving or purchasing vaccines that do not meet the requirements, or failing to report in accordance with regulations."
  15. Article 57 is renumbered as Article 59 and amended as: "In case of any of the following circumstances, the competent health department of the local people’s government at the county level shall order it to make corrections and give it a warning; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge shall be given a warning to demotion, and the responsible medical and health personnel shall be ordered to suspend their practice activities for more than 3 months and less than 6 months:
  "(1) Failing to ask for temperature monitoring records in accordance with regulations when receiving or purchasing vaccines, receiving or purchasing vaccines that do not meet the requirements, or failing to report in accordance with regulations;
  "(2) Failing to establish and keep a true and complete record of vaccine receipt or purchase in accordance with regulations;
  "(3) Failing to publicize the varieties and inoculation methods of the first-class vaccines in a prominent position in its inoculation place;
  "(four) medical and health personnel before vaccination, not in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance to inform and ask the recipient or his guardian about the situation;
  "(five) the medical and health personnel who carry out vaccination fail to fill in and keep vaccination records in accordance with the regulations;
  "(6) Failing to register and report the vaccination in accordance with regulations."
  Sixteen, Article 58 is changed into Article 60, which is amended as: "In any of the following circumstances, the competent health department of the local people’s government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections and give it a warning; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to dismissal; If personal injury or other serious consequences are caused to the seed recipients, the main person in charge and the directly responsible person in charge shall be dismissed according to law, and the original license-issuing department shall revoke the practice certificate of the responsible medical and health personnel; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:
  "(a) in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, not through the provincial public resources trading platform to purchase vaccines;
  "(two) in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, from the vaccine production enterprises, county-level disease prevention and control institutions outside the units or individuals to buy the second kind of vaccine;
  "(three) vaccination did not comply with the vaccination work norms, immunization procedures, vaccine use guidelines, vaccination programs;
  "(4) Failing to deal with or report the abnormal reaction of vaccination or suspected abnormal reaction of vaccination in time according to the provisions;
  "(five) unauthorized mass vaccination;
  "(6) Failing to register and report vaccines whose packages are unrecognizable, have expired, are out of the cold chain, fail to meet the standards after inspection, and have unknown sources, or failing to record the destruction in accordance with regulations."
  Article 61 is renumbered as Article 63 and amended as: "If a vaccine production enterprise fails to establish and keep vaccine sales records in accordance with regulations, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 78 of the Drug Administration Law."
  18. Article 63 is renumbered as Article 65 and amended as: "If a vaccine production enterprise sells Category II vaccines to units or individuals other than county-level disease prevention and control institutions, the drug supervision and administration department shall confiscate the illegally sold vaccines and impose a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the value of the illegally sold vaccines; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; The directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in drug production and business activities within 5 years; If the circumstances are serious, the qualification for vaccine production or the certificate of approval for vaccine import shall be revoked according to law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in drug production and business activities within 10 years; If it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. "
  19. Article 64 is renumbered as Article 66 and amended as: "If disease prevention and control institutions, inoculation units, vaccine production enterprises and enterprises entrusted with the distribution of vaccines fail to store and transport vaccines under the prescribed refrigeration conditions, the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall order them to make corrections, give them a warning and destroy the vaccines stored and transported; By the competent department of health of disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to dismissal according to law, resulting in serious consequences, shall be given the punishment of dismissal according to law, and the vaccination qualification of the vaccination unit shall be revoked; The pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall, according to law, order vaccine production enterprises and enterprises entrusted to distribute vaccines to stop production and suspend business for rectification, and impose a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the value of vaccines stored and transported in violation of regulations, thus causing serious consequences, the vaccine production qualification shall be revoked or the vaccine import approval documents shall be revoked according to law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in pharmaceutical production and business activities within 10 years; If it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. "
  Article 68 is renumbered as Article 70 and amended as: "In violation of the provisions of these Regulations, units or individuals other than vaccine production enterprises and county-level disease prevention and control institutions deal in vaccines, and the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative departments shall punish them in accordance with the provisions of Article 72 of the Drug Administration Law."
  XXI. Article 72 is renumbered as Article 74, and one paragraph is added as paragraph 5: "Vaccine production enterprises refer to vaccine production enterprises in China and the agencies designated by overseas vaccine manufacturers that export vaccines to China."
  22. One article is added as Article 75: "Measures for the administration of entry-exit vaccination shall be formulated separately by the state entry-exit inspection and quarantine department."
  Twenty-three, delete twelfth, thirteenth, seventeenth, second, thirty-third, forty-ninth, sixty-second in the "vaccine wholesale enterprises".
  Twenty-four, sixtieth to sixty-second, and one of the "eighty-seventh" to "eighty-sixth".
  In addition, the order of articles and individual words are adjusted and modified accordingly.
  This decision shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.
  The Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination shall be revised according to this decision and re-promulgated.

 

Regulations on the administration of vaccine circulation and vaccination

  (Promulgated by Order No.434 of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China on March 24, 2005, revised according to the Decision of the State Council on Amending the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination on April 23, 2016)

Chapter I General Principles

  the first In order to strengthen the management of vaccine circulation and vaccination, prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases, and safeguard human health and public health, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Drug Administration Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Drug Administration Law) and the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases (hereinafter referred to as the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law).
  the second The term "vaccine" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to the preventive biological products of vaccines used for human vaccination in order to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases.
  Vaccines are divided into two categories. Category I vaccines refer to vaccines provided by the government to citizens free of charge, which citizens should receive in accordance with government regulations, including vaccines determined by the national immunization plan, vaccines added by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the implementation of the national immunization plan, and vaccines used for emergency vaccination or mass vaccination organized by the people’s governments at or above the county level or their health authorities; The second category of vaccines refers to other vaccines that are inoculated by citizens at their own expense and voluntarily.
  Article Vaccination of the first kind of vaccine is paid by the government. Vaccination of the second kind of vaccine shall be borne by the recipient or his guardian.
  Article 4 These Regulations shall apply to the circulation, vaccination and supervision and management of vaccines.
  Article 5 The health authorities in the State Council shall formulate the national immunization plan according to the epidemic situation of infectious diseases and the immune status of the population nationwide; In conjunction with the financial department of the State Council, we will formulate vaccine types to be included in the national immunization program, and report them to the State Council for approval before publication.
  The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, when implementing the national immunization plan, increase the types of vaccines provided to citizens free of charge according to factors such as the epidemic situation of infectious diseases and the immune status of the population in their respective administrative areas, and report them to the health authorities in the State Council for the record.
  Article 6 The state implements a planned vaccination system and an expanded immunization program.
  The recipients who need to be vaccinated with Class I vaccines shall be vaccinated in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations; If the recipient is a minor, his guardian shall cooperate with relevant disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions and other medical and health institutions to ensure that the recipient receives the seed in time.
  Article 7 The competent health department of the State Council is responsible for the supervision and management of national vaccination. The health authorities of local people’s governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the supervision and administration of vaccination within their respective administrative areas.
  The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council is responsible for the supervision and administration of the quality and circulation of vaccines throughout the country. The pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the supervision and administration of the quality and circulation of vaccines within their respective administrative areas.
  Article 8 Medical and health institutions (hereinafter referred to as vaccination units) designated by the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level in accordance with the provisions of these regulations shall undertake vaccination work. When the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level designates the inoculation unit, it shall specify its responsible area.
  The people’s governments at or above the county level shall reward the vaccination units and their staff who have undertaken vaccination work and made remarkable achievements and contributions.
  Article 9 The state supports and encourages units and individuals to participate in vaccination work. People’s governments at all levels should improve the relevant systems to facilitate units and individuals to participate in activities such as publicity, education and donation of vaccination work.
  Residents’ committees and villagers’ committees shall cooperate with relevant departments to carry out publicity and education related to vaccination, and assist in organizing residents and villagers to receive the first-class vaccine.

Chapter II Vaccine Circulation

  Article 10 The procurement of vaccines shall be carried out through the provincial public resource trading platform.
  Article 11 Provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall, according to the national immunization program and the needs of preventing and controlling the occurrence and epidemic of infectious diseases in the region, formulate the use plan of the first class vaccine in the region (hereinafter referred to as the use plan), report to the department responsible for purchasing the first class vaccine in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and report to the competent health department of the people’s government at the same level for the record. The use plan shall include the variety, quantity, supply channel and supply mode of the vaccine.
  Article 12 In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, the department responsible for purchasing the first class vaccine shall sign a government procurement contract with the vaccine production enterprise according to law, and stipulate the variety, quantity and price of the vaccine.
  Article 13 Vaccine production enterprises shall supply Class I vaccines to provincial disease prevention and control institutions or other disease prevention and control institutions designated by them in accordance with the provisions of government procurement contracts, and shall not supply them to other units or individuals.
  Vaccine production enterprises shall mark the word "free" and the special logo of "immunization program" as stipulated by the competent health department of the State Council in a prominent position in the minimum outer packaging of vaccines that are included in the national immunization program. The specific management measures shall be formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council in conjunction with the health authorities of the State Council.
  Article 14 Provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall do a good job in organizing the distribution of Class I vaccines, and distribute Class I vaccines to municipal disease prevention and control institutions with districts or county-level disease prevention and control institutions according to the use plan. County-level disease prevention and control institutions shall distribute Class I vaccines to vaccination units and township-level medical and health institutions according to the use plan. Township medical and health institutions shall distribute the first kind of vaccines to village medical and health institutions that undertake vaccination work. Medical and health institutions shall not distribute Category I vaccines to other units or individuals; No fees shall be charged for the distribution of Class I vaccines.
  If the local people’s governments at or above the county level or their health authorities need to take emergency vaccination measures during the outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases, the disease prevention and control institutions at or above the municipal level with districts can directly distribute the first-class vaccines to the vaccination units.
  Article 15 The second kind of vaccines are centrally purchased by provincial disease prevention and control institutions on provincial public resource trading platforms, and are purchased by county-level disease prevention and control institutions from vaccine production enterprises and then supplied to vaccination units in their respective administrative regions.
  Vaccine production enterprises shall directly distribute Category II vaccines to county-level disease prevention and control institutions, or entrust enterprises with cold chain storage and transportation conditions to distribute them. Enterprises entrusted with the distribution of vaccines of Category II shall not entrust the distribution.
  County-level disease prevention and control institutions can charge vaccine fees and storage and transportation fees for supplying second-class vaccines to vaccination units. Vaccine fees are charged according to the purchase price, and storage and transportation fees are charged according to the provisions of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. Charges should be made public.
  Article 16 Disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units, vaccine production enterprises and enterprises entrusted with the distribution of vaccines shall abide by the management norms for vaccine storage and transportation and ensure the quality of vaccines. The whole process of vaccine storage and transportation should always be in the specified temperature environment, and should not be separated from the cold chain, and the temperature should be monitored and recorded regularly. For vaccines with long cold chain transportation time and need to be distributed to remote areas, provincial disease prevention and control institutions should put forward the requirement of temperature control labels.
  The relevant standards for vaccine storage and transportation management shall be formulated by the health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments of the State Council.
  Article 17 When selling vaccines, vaccine production enterprises shall provide copies of each batch of biological products that have passed the inspection or been approved by the drug inspection institutions according to law, and affix the seal of the enterprise; Sales of imported vaccines, should also provide a copy of the customs clearance form for imported drugs, and affix the seal of the enterprise.
  Disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units shall, when receiving or purchasing vaccines, obtain the certification documents specified in the preceding paragraph from vaccine production enterprises, and keep them for future reference beyond the validity period of vaccines for 2 years.
  Article 18 Vaccine production enterprises shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Drug Administration Law and the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, establish true and complete sales records and keep them for future reference beyond the validity period of vaccines for 2 years.
  Disease prevention and control institutions shall, in accordance with the provisions of the competent department of health in the State Council, establish a true and complete record of purchase, storage, distribution and supply, so that tickets, accounts, goods and funds are consistent, and keep them for future reference beyond the validity period of vaccines for 2 years. When the disease prevention and control institutions receive or purchase vaccines, they should ask for the temperature monitoring records of the whole process of vaccine storage and transportation; If the whole process temperature monitoring record cannot be provided or the temperature control does not meet the requirements, it shall not be accepted or purchased, and it shall immediately report to the drug supervision and administration department and the competent health department.

Chapter III Vaccination

  Article 19 The competent department of health in the State Council shall formulate and publish the norms for vaccination, and formulate and publish the immunization procedures of vaccines and other vaccines included in the national immunization plan or the guiding principles for their use according to the national standards for vaccines and the epidemiological investigation information of infectious diseases.
  The health authorities of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, according to the immunization procedures and vaccine use guidelines formulated by the health authorities in the State Council, and in combination with the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in their respective administrative areas, formulate vaccination programs in their respective administrative areas and report them to the health authorities in the State Council for the record.
  Article 20 Disease prevention and control institutions at all levels shall, according to their respective functions and duties, carry out publicity, training, technical guidance, monitoring, evaluation, epidemiological investigation, emergency response and other work related to vaccination according to the national immunization plan or vaccination plan, and make records in accordance with the provisions of the competent health department of the State Council.
  Article 21 The inoculation entity shall meet the following conditions:
  (1) Having a medical institution’s practice license;
  (2) Having medical practitioners, assistant medical practitioners, nurses or rural doctors who have passed the vaccination professional training organized by the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level and passed the examination;
  (3) Having cold storage facilities, equipment and a cold storage system that meet the management standards for vaccine storage and transportation.
  Urban medical and health institutions undertaking vaccination work shall set up vaccination clinics.
  Article 22 The vaccination unit shall undertake the vaccination work within the responsible area and accept the technical guidance of the local county-level disease prevention and control institutions.
  Article 23 When an inoculation entity receives a vaccine of Category I or purchases a vaccine of Category II, it shall ask for a temperature monitoring record of the whole process of vaccine storage and transportation, establish and keep a true and complete record of receipt and purchase, and ensure that the tickets, accounts, goods and funds are consistent. If the whole process temperature monitoring record cannot be provided or the temperature control does not meet the requirements, the inoculation entity shall not accept or purchase it, and shall immediately report to the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department and the competent health department of the local people’s government at the county level.
  Inoculation units shall, according to the needs of vaccination work, formulate the demand plan for the first kind of vaccine and the purchase plan for the second kind of vaccine, and report to the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level and the disease prevention and control institutions at the county level.
  Article 24 Vaccination units shall observe the vaccination work norms, immunization procedures, guiding principles for vaccine use and vaccination programs, and publicize the varieties and vaccination methods of the first type of vaccine in a prominent position in their vaccination sites.
  Article 25 Before vaccination, medical and health personnel shall inform the recipients or their guardians of the varieties, functions, contraindications, adverse reactions and precautions of the vaccine, ask about the health status of the recipients and whether there are any contraindications to vaccination, and record the information truthfully. The recipient or his guardian should know the relevant knowledge of vaccination, and truthfully provide the health status and vaccination contraindications of the recipient.
  Medical and health personnel shall inoculate the recipients who meet the inoculation conditions, and record the identification information of the vaccine variety, production enterprise and minimum packaging unit, validity period, inoculation time, medical and health personnel who carried out inoculation, recipients and other contents in accordance with the provisions of the competent health department of the State Council. Vaccination records shall be kept for not less than 5 years.
  Medical and health personnel shall give medical advice to the recipients or their guardians who cannot be vaccinated because of vaccination taboos.
  Article 26 The state implements a vaccination certificate system for children. Within one month after the child is born, his guardian shall go to the vaccination unit where the child lives to undertake vaccination work to apply for a vaccination certificate for him. When the vaccination unit vaccinates children, it shall examine the vaccination certificate and make records.
  During the period when children leave their original place of residence, the vaccination unit that undertakes vaccination at their current place of residence is responsible for their vaccination.
  The format of vaccination certificate shall be formulated by the competent health departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
  Article 27 When children enter kindergartens and schools, nursery institutions and schools shall examine vaccination certificates. If children who are not vaccinated according to the national immunization plan are found, they shall report to the local county-level disease prevention and control institutions or the vaccination units that undertake vaccination work, and cooperate with the disease prevention and control institutions or vaccination units to urge their guardians to replant at the vaccination units in time after children enter kindergartens and schools.
  Article 28 The vaccination unit shall, in accordance with the national immunization plan, vaccinate the recipients who need to be vaccinated with the first kind of vaccine in their responsible areas, and reach the vaccination rate required by the national immunization plan.
  The disease prevention and control institutions shall timely distribute Class I vaccines to the inoculation entities.
  If the recipient or his guardian requests to choose the vaccine of the same variety to be vaccinated with the first kind of vaccine at his own expense, the vaccination unit providing the service shall inform him of the expenses, the compensation method for abnormal reaction and the relevant contents stipulated in Article 25 of these regulations.
  Article 29 The inoculation entity shall register the inoculation situation in accordance with the provisions of the competent health department of the State Council, and report to the local competent health department of the people’s government at the county level and the county-level disease prevention and control institutions. If the vaccination unit remains the first kind of vaccine after completing the national immunization plan, it shall report to the original vaccine distribution unit and explain the reasons.
  Article 30 Inoculation units shall not charge any fees for inoculation of Class I vaccines.
  Inoculation units can charge service fees and inoculation consumables fees for second-class vaccines, and the specific charging standards shall be approved by the competent price departments of the local people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
  Article 31 If the competent health department of the local people’s government at or above the county level needs to carry out mass vaccination in some areas within its administrative region according to the monitoring and early warning information of infectious diseases in order to prevent and control the outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases, it shall report to the people’s government at the corresponding level for decision and file with the competent health department of the people’s government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government; If it is necessary to carry out mass vaccination within the entire administrative area of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, the competent health department of the people’s government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall report it to the people’s government at the corresponding level for decision and file it with the competent health department of the State Council. If mass vaccination is needed nationwide or across provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, it shall be decided by the competent health department of the State Council. The people’s government that made the approval decision or the competent health department of the State Council shall organize the relevant departments to do a good job in personnel training, publicity and education, and material transfer.
  No unit or individual may carry out mass vaccination without authorization.
  Article 32 If the local people’s governments at or above the county level or their health authorities need to take emergency vaccination measures during the outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases, it shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Emergency Regulations on Public Health Emergencies.
  Article 33 The competent health department of the State Council or the competent health department of the people’s government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government may release the recommended information on vaccination of Class II vaccine according to the monitoring and early warning information of infectious diseases, and no other unit or individual may release it.
  The recommended information for vaccination of the second kind of vaccine shall include the knowledge of prevention and control of infectious diseases and relevant vaccination schemes, but shall not involve specific vaccine production enterprises.

Chapter IV Safeguard Measures

  Article 34 The people’s governments at or above the county level shall incorporate the vaccination work related to the national immunization program into the national economic and social development plan of their respective administrative areas, guarantee the funds needed for vaccination work, ensure the vaccination rate required by the national immunization program, and ensure the implementation of the national immunization program.
  Article 35 The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, according to the epidemic trend of infectious diseases in their respective administrative areas, determine the projects related to vaccination in their respective administrative areas within the scope of infectious disease prevention and control projects determined by the health authorities in the State Council, and ensure the implementation of the projects.
  Article 36 The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall guarantee the funds needed for the purchase and transportation of Class I vaccines, and ensure the construction and operation of the cold chain system of disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units within their respective administrative areas.
  The state gives appropriate support to vaccination work in poverty-stricken areas according to needs.
  Article 37 The people’s government at the county level shall ensure the funds needed for vaccination in the implementation of the national immunization plan, and give appropriate subsidies to rural doctors and other grassroots preventive and health care personnel engaged in vaccination in accordance with relevant state regulations.
  The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the people’s governments at the municipal level divided into districts shall give necessary financial subsidies to the people’s governments at the county level in difficult areas to carry out the work related to vaccination.
  Article 38 The people’s governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the reserve of vaccines and related materials for use.
  Article 39 Financial arrangements at all levels for vaccination funds should be earmarked, and no unit or individual may misappropriate or occupy them. The relevant units and individuals shall accept the audit supervision of audit institutions in accordance with the law when using the funds for vaccination.

Chapter V Handling of Abnormal Reaction to Vaccination

  Article 40 Abnormal reaction of vaccination refers to the adverse drug reaction caused by qualified vaccine in the process of implementing standardized vaccination or after implementing standardized vaccination, and all parties concerned have no fault.
  Article 41 The following situations do not belong to the abnormal reaction of vaccination:
  (a) the general reaction after vaccination caused by the characteristics of the vaccine itself;
  (two) the damage caused by the unqualified vaccine quality to the recipients;
  (three) the damage caused to the recipients by the vaccination unit’s violation of the vaccination work norms, immunization procedures, guiding principles for vaccine use, and vaccination programs;
  (four) the recipient is in the incubation period or precursor period of a disease at the time of inoculation, and the disease is coupled after inoculation;
  (5) The recipient has vaccination contraindications specified in the vaccine instructions, and the recipient or his guardian failed to truthfully provide the health status and vaccination contraindications of the recipient before vaccination, and the original disease of the recipient has an acute recurrence or aggravation after vaccination;
  (6) Psychogenic reactions of individuals or groups due to psychological factors.
  Article 42 Disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units and their medical and health personnel who find abnormal reactions to vaccination, suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination or receive relevant reports shall deal with them in a timely manner in accordance with the norms of vaccination work, and immediately report to the health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments of the people’s governments at the county level where they are located. The competent health department and drug supervision and administration department that received the report shall immediately organize the investigation and handling.
  Article 43 The competent health department and drug supervision and administration department of the local people’s government at or above the county level shall report the abnormal reaction of vaccination and its handling within their respective administrative areas to the competent health department and drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
  Article 44 After the dispute over the abnormal reaction of vaccination occurs, the inoculation entity or the recipient may request the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level where the inoculation entity is located to handle it.
  If vaccination causes death, severe disability or group suspected abnormal reaction to vaccination, the inoculation unit or the recipient requests the health authorities of the people’s government at the county level to handle it, the health authorities that receive the request shall take necessary emergency measures, report to the people’s government at the same level in time, and transfer it to the health authorities of the people’s government at the next higher level for handling.
  Article 45 The identification of abnormal reaction to vaccination shall be carried out with reference to the Regulations on Handling Medical Accidents, and the specific measures shall be formulated by the competent health department of the State Council in conjunction with the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
  Article 46 If the abnormal reaction to vaccination causes the death, serious disability or organ and tissue damage of the recipient, a one-time compensation shall be given.
  If it is necessary to compensate the recipients for the abnormal reaction of vaccination caused by vaccination of the first kind of vaccine, the compensation expenses shall be arranged by the financial departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the funds for vaccination work. If it is necessary to compensate the recipients for the abnormal reaction caused by vaccination of the second kind of vaccine, the compensation expenses shall be borne by the relevant vaccine production enterprises. The state encourages the establishment of a mechanism to compensate the recipients of abnormal vaccination reactions through commercial insurance and other forms.
  Specific compensation measures for abnormal reactions to vaccination shall be formulated by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
  Article 47 If the unqualified vaccine quality causes damage to the recipients, it shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law; If the vaccination unit violates the vaccination work norms, immunization procedures, guiding principles for vaccine use and vaccination scheme, it shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Handling Medical Accidents.

Chapter VI Supervision and Administration

  Article 48 The pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law and its implementing regulations, supervise and inspect the quality of vaccines in storage, transportation, supply, sale, distribution and use, and report the inspection results to the health authorities at the same level in a timely manner. If the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department conducts spot checks on vaccines according to the needs of supervision and inspection, the relevant units and individuals shall cooperate and shall not refuse.
  Article 49 In the supervision and inspection, the drug supervision and administration department may take measures of sealing up and detaining vaccines and related materials that are proved to be harmful to human health, and make a decision on handling them within 7 days; If the vaccine needs to be tested, it shall make a decision within 15 days from the date of issuance of the test report.
  Disease prevention and control institutions, inoculation entities and vaccine production enterprises shall immediately stop inoculation, distribution, supply and sale of fake or inferior vaccines, and immediately report to the health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments of the people’s governments at the county level where they are located, and shall not handle them by themselves. The competent health department receiving the report shall immediately organize the disease prevention and control institutions and inoculation units to take necessary emergency measures and report to the superior health department at the same time; The pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department that receives the report shall take measures such as sealing up and detaining fake or inferior vaccines according to law.
  Article 50 The competent health departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall perform the following duties of supervision and inspection within the scope of their respective duties:
  (a) to supervise and inspect the implementation of the national immunization program in medical and health institutions;
  (two) to supervise and inspect the propaganda, training and technical guidance related to vaccination carried out by the disease prevention and control institutions;
  (three) to supervise and inspect the distribution and purchase of vaccines by medical and health institutions.
  The competent health department shall perform the duties of supervision and management mainly by inspecting the records of vaccine distribution, storage, transportation and inoculation made by medical and health institutions in accordance with the provisions of these regulations; When necessary, on-site supervision and inspection can be carried out. The competent department of health shall record the situation of supervision and inspection, and shall order the relevant units to correct it immediately if illegal acts are found.
  Article 51 When performing the duties of supervision and inspection according to law, the staff of the competent department of health and the drug supervision and administration department shall not be less than 2, and shall produce the certification documents; The business secrets of the inspected person shall be kept confidential.
  Article 52 When the health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments find vaccine quality problems, abnormal reactions to vaccination and other situations, they should inform each other in time to realize information sharing.
  Article 53 Any unit or individual has the right to report violations of the provisions of these Regulations to the competent health department and the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department, and to report to the relevant departments of the people’s government at the corresponding level and the people’s government at a higher level that the competent health department and the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department fail to perform their supervisory and administrative duties according to law. The relevant people’s governments, health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments that have received the report shall promptly verify and handle the report.
  Article 54 The state establishes a whole-course traceability system for vaccines. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall, jointly with the health authorities of the State Council, formulate a unified technical specification for vaccine traceability system.
  Vaccine production enterprises, disease prevention and control institutions, and inoculation entities shall establish a vaccine traceability system in accordance with the provisions of the Drug Administration Law, these Regulations, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council and the competent health department, truthfully record the circulation and use information of vaccines, and realize the traceability of the whole process of production, storage, transportation and use of vaccine minimum packaging units.
  The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council and the health administrative department of the State Council shall establish a whole-course traceability cooperation mechanism for vaccines.
  Article 55 Disease prevention and control institutions and inoculation entities shall truthfully register vaccines whose packaging is unrecognizable, beyond the validity period, out of the cold chain, unqualified after inspection, and of unknown origin, and report to the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department of the local people’s government at the county level, which shall, jointly with the competent health department at the same level, supervise the destruction according to regulations. Disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units shall truthfully record the destruction, and the destruction records shall be kept for not less than 5 years.

Chapter VII Legal Liability

  Article 56 The health administrative department and drug supervision and administration department of the people’s government at or above the county level, in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, shall be ordered to make corrections by the people’s government at the corresponding level, the health administrative department of the people’s government at a higher level or the drug supervision and administration department, informed criticism; If it causes personal injury to the recipient, the spread and epidemic of infectious diseases or other serious consequences, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; If the consequences are particularly serious, the principal responsible person shall also take the blame and resign; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:
  (a) failing to perform the duties of supervision and inspection in accordance with the provisions of these regulations, or failing to investigate and deal with illegal acts in time;
  (2) Failing to timely verify and handle the report that the lower-level health authorities and drug supervision and administration departments fail to perform their supervisory and administrative duties;
  (3) Failing to immediately organize the investigation and handling after receiving relevant reports of abnormal reactions or suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination;
  (four) unauthorized mass vaccination;
  (five) other dereliction of duty in violation of these regulations.
  Article 57 If the people’s governments at or above the county level fail to perform the duties of vaccination protection in accordance with the provisions of these regulations, the people’s governments at higher levels shall order them to make corrections, informed criticism; Causing the spread, epidemic or other serious consequences of infectious diseases, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; In areas where particularly serious vaccine quality and safety incidents have occurred or where serious vaccine quality and safety incidents have occurred continuously, the main person in charge of the people’s government should also take the blame and resign; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
  Article 58 In any of the following circumstances, the disease prevention and control institution shall be ordered by the competent health department of the people’s government at or above the county level to make corrections, and informed criticism shall give a warning; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to demotion:
  (1) Failing to distribute Class I vaccines to lower-level disease prevention and control institutions, inoculation units and township-level medical and health institutions according to the use plan;
  (2) Failing to establish and keep records of vaccine purchase, storage, distribution and supply in accordance with regulations;
  (3) Failing to ask for temperature monitoring records in accordance with regulations when receiving or purchasing vaccines, receiving or purchasing vaccines that do not meet the requirements, or failing to report in accordance with regulations.
  Township medical and health institutions that fail to distribute Class I vaccines to village medical and health institutions that undertake vaccination work in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
  Article 59 In any of the following circumstances, the competent health department of the local people’s government at the county level shall order it to make corrections and give a warning; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge shall be given a warning to demotion, and the responsible medical and health personnel shall be ordered to suspend their practice activities for more than 3 months and less than 6 months:
  (1) Failing to ask for temperature monitoring records in accordance with regulations when receiving or purchasing vaccines, receiving or purchasing vaccines that do not meet the requirements, or failing to report in accordance with regulations;
  (2) Failing to establish and keep a true and complete record of vaccine receipt or purchase in accordance with regulations;
  (3) Failing to publicize the varieties and inoculation methods of the first class vaccine in a prominent position in its inoculation place;
  (four) before the vaccination, the medical and health personnel did not inform or ask the recipients or their guardians about the situation in accordance with the provisions of these regulations;
  (five) the medical and health personnel who carried out vaccination did not fill in and keep the vaccination records in accordance with the regulations;
  (six) failing to register and report the vaccination in accordance with the provisions.
  Article 60 Disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning by the competent health department of the local people’s government at or above the county level in any of the following circumstances; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to dismissal; If personal injury or other serious consequences are caused to the seed recipients, the main person in charge and the directly responsible person in charge shall be dismissed according to law, and the original license-issuing department shall revoke the practice certificate of the responsible medical and health personnel; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:
  (a) in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, not through the provincial public resources trading platform to purchase vaccines;
  (two) in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, from the vaccine production enterprises, county-level disease prevention and control institutions outside the units or individuals to buy the second kind of vaccine;
  (three) vaccination did not comply with the vaccination work norms, immunization procedures, vaccine use guidelines, vaccination programs;
  (4) Failing to deal with or report the abnormal reaction or suspected abnormal reaction of vaccination in time according to the regulations;
  (five) unauthorized mass vaccination;
  (6) Failing to register and report vaccines whose packages are unrecognizable, have expired, are out of the cold chain, fail to meet the standards after inspection, and have unknown sources, or failing to record the destruction in accordance with regulations.
  Article 61 Disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units in the process of vaccine distribution, supply and vaccination in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance to collect fees, by the local health administrative department of the people’s government at the county level to supervise the illegal collection of fees returned to the original payment units or individuals, and by the price administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall be punished according to law.
  Article 62 If a drug inspection agency issues a false vaccine inspection report, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 86 of the Drug Administration Law.
  Article 63 Vaccine production enterprises that fail to establish and keep vaccine sales records in accordance with regulations shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 78 of the Drug Administration Law.
  Article 64 If the vaccine production enterprise fails to indicate the word "free" and the special logo of "immunization program" on the minimum outer packaging of vaccines included in the national immunization program in accordance with the regulations, the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall order it to make corrections and give a warning; Those who refuse to make corrections shall be fined between 5,000 yuan and 20,000 yuan, and the relevant vaccines shall be sealed.
  Article 65 If a vaccine production enterprise sells the second kind of vaccine to units or individuals other than the county-level disease prevention and control institutions, the drug supervision and administration department shall confiscate the illegally sold vaccine and impose a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the value of the illegally sold vaccine; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; The directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in drug production and business activities within 5 years; If the circumstances are serious, the qualification for vaccine production or the certificate of approval for vaccine import shall be revoked according to law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in drug production and business activities within 10 years; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
  Article 66 Disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units, vaccine production enterprises, and enterprises entrusted with the distribution of vaccines fail to store and transport vaccines under the prescribed cold storage conditions, and the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall order them to make corrections, give them a warning, and destroy the vaccines stored and transported; By the competent department of health of disease prevention and control institutions, vaccination units, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning to dismissal according to law, resulting in serious consequences, shall be given the punishment of dismissal according to law, and the vaccination qualification of the vaccination unit shall be revoked; The pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department shall, according to law, order vaccine production enterprises and enterprises entrusted to distribute vaccines to stop production and suspend business for rectification, and impose a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the value of vaccines stored and transported in violation of regulations, thus causing serious consequences, the vaccine production qualification shall be revoked or the vaccine import approval documents shall be revoked according to law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall not engage in pharmaceutical production and business activities within 10 years; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
  Article 67 In violation of the provisions of these regulations, the health authorities of the people’s government at the county level in the place where it is located or where the behavior occurs shall order it to eliminate the influence through the mass media and give a warning; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of more than 1 times and less than 3 times the illegal income; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
  Article 68 Those who engage in vaccination work without being designated by the competent health department according to law shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning by the competent health department of the people’s government at the county level where the act occurred; Illegally held vaccines shall be confiscated; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Refuses to correct, the main person in charge, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given a warning and demotion according to law.
  Article 69 When children enter kindergartens and schools, nursery institutions and schools fail to check vaccination certificates in accordance with regulations, or fail to report to disease prevention and control institutions or vaccination units after discovering children who have not been vaccinated in accordance with regulations, the education departments of local people’s governments at or above the county level shall order them to make corrections and give them a warning; Refuses to correct, the principal responsible person, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law.
  Article 70 In violation of the provisions of these regulations, units or individuals other than vaccine production enterprises and county-level disease prevention and control institutions engage in vaccine business shall be punished by the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative department in accordance with the provisions of Article 72 of the Drug Administration Law.
  Article 71 Units or individuals other than health authorities, disease prevention and control institutions and vaccination units who carry out mass vaccination in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance shall be ordered by the health authorities of the people’s governments at or above the county level to make immediate corrections, confiscate the illegally held vaccines and impose a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the value of the illegally held vaccines; If there are illegal gains, the illegal gains shall be confiscated.
  Article 72 Units and individuals who violate the provisions of these regulations and cause damage to the person and property of the seed recipients shall bear civil liability according to law.
  Article 73 Whoever, on the grounds of abnormal reaction to vaccination, provokes troubles and disturbs the normal medical order of vaccination units and the identification of abnormal reaction to vaccination shall be given administrative penalties for public security according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

  Article 74 The meanings of the following terms in this Ordinance:
  National immunization program refers to the planned vaccination among the population according to the vaccine varieties, immunization procedures or vaccination programs determined by the state or provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, in order to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of specific infectious diseases.
  Cold chain refers to the storage, transportation and refrigeration facilities and equipment equipped to ensure the quality of vaccines from vaccine production enterprises to inoculation units.
  General reaction refers to the reaction that occurs after immunization and is caused by the inherent characteristics of the vaccine itself. It will only cause temporary physiological dysfunction to the body, mainly including fever and local redness, and may be accompanied by general discomfort, burnout, loss of appetite, fatigue and other comprehensive symptoms.
  Vaccine production enterprises refer to the vaccine production enterprises in China and the agencies designated by overseas vaccine manufacturers that export vaccines to China.
  Article 75 Measures for the administration of entry-exit vaccination shall be formulated separately by the national entry-exit inspection and quarantine department.
  Article 76 These Regulations shall come into force as of June 1, 2005.

Spy exposure of Wuling Hongguang MINIEV four-door model: Based on Tianyu architecture S platform, equipped with 30kW motor.

On October 25 th, today, someone exposed the spy photos of the new Wuling Hongguang MINIEV four-door version on the Internet. The new car is built on the S platform of Tianyu architecture, and there will be two-door and four-door versions of the new car in the future. Of course, the classic two-door version will also be retained.

This model has been declared on September 13th, and it is equipped with a motor with a maximum power of 30 kW, which is consistent with the current high-power version, but the supplier of the motor has changed from Shuangxiu Automobile to Liuzhou Seck Technology Development Co., Ltd..

From the real car, the new car is more lovely, the charging port is still located in the front of the car, and the whole front of the car looks quite round. In terms of size, the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that IT is 3256x1510x1578mm, the wheelbase is 2190mm, and the rated number of passengers is 4. For details, please refer to the previous report of IT House.

In terms of interior, the front seats of the new Wuling Hongguang MINIEV four-door vehicle adopt integrated design, and the interior adopts double color matching design, equipped with floating instrument panel and central control panel, electronic knob shift, integrated function buttons on the steering wheel, and air conditioning knob buttons are retained, as well as a circular air conditioning outlet.

Related reading:

Ningbo Changan Auchan X5 price reduction, special price of 68,900! Act quickly.

[car home Ningbo Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, a large discount activity is being carried out in Ningbo, with the highest discount reaching 20,000 yuan and the lowest starting price reduced to 68,900 yuan. If you are considering buying Changan Auchan X5, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

宁波长安欧尚X5降价来袭,特价6.89万!赶快行动

The design of Changan Auchan X5 is dynamic and fashionable. The front face adopts a large polygonal air intake grille and the interior adopts a black grid design, which highlights the strong visual impact. The LED headlights on both sides are sharp and integrated with the air intake grille, showing their sports style. On the whole, the design of Changan Auchan X5 is full of strength and youth, showing its unique charm.

宁波长安欧尚X5降价来袭,特价6.89万!赶快行动

Changan Auchan X5 has a length, width and height of 4490*1860*1580mm and a wheelbase of 2710mm, respectively. The car body lines are smooth and dynamic, with a front tread of 1580mm and a rear tread of 1595mm. With 225/50 R18 tires, the rim design is unique, showing the sense of fashion and sports.

宁波长安欧尚X5降价来袭,特价6.89万!赶快行动

The interior design of Changan Auchan X5 is simple and fashionable, and the center console adopts a floating 10.25-inch central control screen, which enhances the overall sense of science and technology. The leather steering wheel feels comfortable and supports manual adjustment up and down, which is convenient for the driver to find the best grip position. There is a USB interface under the center console, which is convenient for charging and connecting multimedia devices. The seat is made of leather and fabric. The main driver’s seat supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), while the co-pilot’s seat supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment. The rear seat can be tilted in proportion, which improves the space flexibility.

宁波长安欧尚X5降价来袭,特价6.89万!赶快行动

Changan Auchan X5 is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300 N m.. This engine adopts an in-line four-cylinder layout, which can provide strong power output. With a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, the vehicle can shift gears smoothly and accelerate rapidly during driving, which brings excellent driving experience to drivers.

Finally, let’s quote the evaluation of an Changan Auchan X5 owner: "Body work: double waistline design, which makes the whole car full of sports." This design not only enhances the visual appeal of the vehicle, but also makes the driver feel more confident and passionate during driving.

Mercedes-Benz is no longer low-key, your cost-effective choice.

When talking about a car model, the first thing you should talk about is its overall appearance. In terms of overall appearance, the Mercedes-Benz family-style overall appearance is adopted, and the large-area hexagonal mesh is very classic. The headlights on both sides are quite cheap, and they look very energetic after being lit. The side shape is still the unique design of Mercedes-Benz, and the enchanting figure is displayed incisively and vividly! In addition, coupled with the 18-inch multi-frame wheel hub shape, it makes its sports atmosphere more intense. At the same time, Fangzheng’s tail echoes the front, and the details of the split taillight design have become more fashionable after being redrawn.

Compared with the appearance, the decoration of the vehicle is the soul of the brand-new model. The car uses a relatively sporty three-position steering wheel, which instantly improves the grade of the whole car and makes people feel full of power when driving. In the central control room and the door handle, a lot of plastic and leather materials are used to cover and wrap it, which makes it feel smooth. The 10.25-inch suspended central control screen is simple in screen design, but fully functional. The front row is also equipped with an automatic air conditioning control system to freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. Mercedes-Benz GLB is equipped with leather seats.

Mercedes-Benz GLB has a length of 4638mm, a body width of 1834mm and a wheelbase of 2829mm, which is quite satisfactory. In the same class, the wheelbase of Mercedes-Benz GLB ranks 116th. The interior space of the car is relatively spacious at the same level, the height and width of the car are ideal, and the legroom in the back row will not feel cramped, which belongs to the upper-middle level at the same level. Mercedes-Benz GLB modified GLB 220 4MATIC 7-seat skylight to provide a larger view, which can create a better visual environment and good sensitivity for the rear passengers and increase the light intake for the whole vehicle. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Mercedes-Benz GLB ranks 30th. The shape is very regular, and the storage volume is absolutely no problem for daily use.

Mercedes-Benz GLB modified GLB 220 4MATIC 7-seat adopts 2.0 engine, with maximum horsepower of 190 and peak torque of 300, matching wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox. 2.0 engine with Mercedes-Benz GLB is quite satisfactory in power performance, weak in low torque and can feel hysteresis. Mercedes-Benz GLB’s official measured zero-acceleration score is 8.6S, ranking 183rd among more than 800,000 SUV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Mercedes-Benz GLB is complete, includingAutomatic parkingZero tire pressure endurance tireAutomatic parkingSteep slope descenthill start assist controlknee airbagHUD head-up displayAnti-lock braking (ABS)Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)Active noise reductionEngine start and stopSide safety air curtainWireless charging of mobile phonenight vision systemLED daytime running lightsForward reversing radarTire pressure monitoringSteering wheel heatingBody stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)Rear reversing radarFatigue reminderRemote parkingChild seat interfaceLane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In addition to the above description, we can also go to the Easy Car Forum to browse more real car feedback from actual buyers, or use our experience.

Aesthetic exploration of four Kunqu operas, such as the new edition of the Jade Hairpin: blending the classical with the modern.

  On April 4th, a new version of Kunqu Opera "Bailuo Shirt", which was co-produced by Suzhou Kunqu Theatre and Bai Xianyong, was staged at Shanghai Oriental Art Center. The play was once again written by Zhang Shuxiang, the screenwriter of the youth version of Peony Pavilion, and directed by Yue Meiti, the first female student of Kunqu Opera. This tragic work is another attempt by Bai Xianyong to attract contemporary audiences with the new aesthetics of Kunqu Opera.

  Since the rehearsal of the youth version of the Kunqu Opera Peony Pavilion in 2002, Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre has cooperated with Bai Xianyong for four times in 17 years, and produced new versions of the Jade Badge, Bailuo Shirt and Chivalrous Man, except the youth version of the Peony Pavilion. The new performance of the old opera has integrated the exploration of the new aesthetics of Kunqu opera by contemporary Kunqu artists and cultural scholars, which not only gives the audience the ultimate aesthetic enjoyment, but also leads to in-depth thinking and discussion on human nature because of the characters in the play.

  Adapting the script from the perspective of human nature to convey truth and goodness.

  Where is the new version of Kunqu Opera? The new edition of Bailuo Shirt first explores the theme and the ideological excavation of characters. The original "Bailuo Shirt" is a simple public security drama, which tells that Su Yun and his wife hired a boat to take office in the Qing Dynasty, but they were victimized by the ship owner Xu Neng in the middle, and their husband was pushed into the river, and his wife escaped from being rescued and gave birth to a son, which was unintentionally picked up by Xu Neng. He was brought up with great care and named Xu Jizu. Eighteen years later, he made a tour of the Eight Houses, and happened to meet Su Yun’s grievance. Xu Jizu killed his adoptive father to avenge his death and had a happy reunion with his biological mother.

  After repeated discussions between Zhang Shuxiang and the creative staff, the original ending is formulaic, binary opposition between good and evil, simple thinking and flat characterization, which can not meet the high expectations and demands of modern audiences for emotion, mind and aesthetics. The crew finally decided to adapt the original work and set the theme in father and son, fate, humanity, redemption, affection and beauty. The last film "Trial in Court" became the climax of the whole drama. At this time, the truth has been revealed, and both father and son have fallen into the trap of fate and struggled painfully. In any case, Xu Jizu can’t be inhuman, and suddenly he will kill his adoptive father who loves him and loves him according to the law. Under the impact of emotion and responsibility, his heart shakes and tears. Xu Neng, whose beautiful image disappeared in front of his son, did not dare to expect his son to forgive him. In the emotional entanglement of fear and disillusionment, he chose to commit suicide in order to fulfill and protect his son, showing the warm side of human nature and realizing self-redemption. The whole play came to an abrupt end here, and the tragic emotion reached the highest point.

  The tension of tragedy is seldom used in traditional Chinese drama, so the new version of Bailuo Shirt has brought great shock to the audience. Starring Yu Jiulin, Xu Jizu’s inner contradictions and emotional struggles are vividly presented, which makes the audience struggle with the protagonist’s fate. In addition to watching the stage and the beauty of music and singing, it also shows the complexity and diversity of the characters’ personalities, which has triggered contemporary people’s in-depth thinking about human nature.

  Through the portrayal of the character Xu Jizu in the new edition of Bailuo Shirt, Yu Jiulin also completed the leap from a towel student to an official student in performance. "Liu Mengmei in the youth edition of Peony Pavilion is a towel student, paying attention to charming, bookish and a little stupid. Xu Jizu in the new version of "Bailuo Shirt" is an official student, with higher requirements for singing, wider range and more connotation in shaping characters. " Yu Yulin told reporters.

  The purpose of adaptation is to better interpret and inherit the classic plays in the contemporary era. The new edition of "The Heroes of Justice" is based on the version of Teacher Liang Guyin in the 1970s, with slight changes. The original version features Wu Song, while the new edition features Pan Jinlian. Through this play, Lv Jia, an actor of Suzhou Kunju Theatre, has well inherited the essence of Liang Guyin’s performance, and added his own understanding and expression of the characters, giving Pan Jinlian a new color from the perspective of human nature.

  After careful polishing, including the above four new versions of Kunqu Opera, Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre has put 14 major plays on the stage, including The Palace of Eternal Life, Xi Shi, The Story of the White Rabbit and The Broken Mountain.

  Blending the new aesthetics of Kunqu Opera into the classical program to meet the modern aesthetic needs.

  "The aesthetic feature of Kunqu Opera is that it is poetic, exquisite and elegant in freehand brushwork, which is reflected by different trades and characterization and has already formed an inherent cognition." Cai Shaohua, director of Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre in Jiangsu Province, told reporters how to integrate new concepts into the traditional Kunqu aesthetics and make Kunqu more poetic and elegant. Since the youth edition of Peony Pavilion, Bai Xianyong and the creative team have explored it. In Peony Pavilion, male and female flower gods are made to fall from the sky like fairies in cloaks embroidered with gorgeous flowers such as begonia, orchids and chrysanthemums, which makes the fairy scene in the story of dreams and feelings beautiful. The concept of new aesthetics of Kunqu opera was really put forward from the new edition of the Jade Hairpin.

  If The Peony Pavilion is an epic, The Jade Hairpin is a sketch. However, there is a "Qin Tiao" in "Jade Hairpin", which is about the protagonists Chen Miaochang and Pan Bizheng playing the piano to convey their love for each other. There is also a poem Stealing, in which Chen Miao often expresses his love for Pan Bizheng with poems. There are violins and poems, which convey feelings with violins and meanings with poems. Therefore, Bai Xianyong believes that the play "The Tale of the Jade Hairpin" has great potential to embody the extreme elegance of Kunqu Opera and realize the characteristics of abstraction, freehand brushwork, lyricism and poeticization which are very compatible with the basic aesthetics of China culture.

  Compared with the youth version of The Peony Pavilion, the new version of The Jade Hairpin has taken a step towards simplicity and freehand brushwork, interweaving poetry, calligraphy and piano on the same stage, and pushing the aesthetics of Kunqu Opera to a higher level of lyric poetry. In the play, Dong Yangzi’s calligraphy and Xi Song’s painting art create a world of ink and wash on the stage. Tong Wang, the artistic director, reduced the color of her costume design by one degree, which made it more elegant and exquisite. In the play, the audience can also enjoy the live performance of Li Xiangting, a guqin master, of the Tang Dynasty royal guqin "Nine-Xiao Huanpei", which is the first joint performance of the oral and intangible cultural heritages of the two worlds.

  Following the idea of presenting the beauty of the dance in the Jade Hairpin, the protagonist Xu Jizu, as a third-rate official of the imperial court, should wear a big red official uniform according to the convention in the Bailuo Shirt staged in 2016. However, in the new version of Bailuo Shirt, the color of the official uniform is mainly gold and white, which is outstanding and elegant. The chivalrous man, which premiered in 2018, boldly used China’s paper-cut art as the basic expression vocabulary of the stage background and the beauty of the dance. In addition, the costumes became more refined and incorporated the moral expression of the protagonist’s inner character.

  How to integrate the classical aesthetics of Kunqu opera with the aesthetic consciousness of the 21st century is the biggest challenge for contemporary Kunqu opera production. The principle of the four new versions of Kunqu Opera is to respect the classics but not follow them step by step, and to make use of the modern without "abusing the modern". "We all abide by the traditional singing, reading and doing of Kunqu opera, and modern elements such as lighting and dancing are integrated into the classical framework in an unobtrusive way, making the whole play both classical and modern." Bai Xianyong said.

  Judging from the audience’s reaction, they recognized the exploration of the new version of Kunqu Opera, and thought that this innovation made the interpretation space freehand and smooth, and made Kunqu Opera "more lyrical, more beautiful and more enjoyable". "In fact, modern audiences not only regard Kunqu opera as a serious performing art, but also regard Kunqu opera as a representative of oriental aesthetics and as a life aesthetics, and integrate it into their daily lives. In this direction, there will be more and more fans of Kunqu Opera. " Cai Shaohua believes.

  From the script to the actor and then to the audience, the inheritance ecology is formed.

  Walking into the garden-like architecture of Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre, Zhang Jiqing is teaching Liu Yu the passbook drama "Broken Mountain". Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre has been established for 60 years, from word generation to succession, inheritance, publicity and promotion, and has now spread to the sixth generation of vibrating characters. There are more than 20 young actors in Zhenzi generation, who are old, young, ugly and colorful. Twenty-seven-year-old Liu Yu is one of the vibration generation. She is a "kowtowing disciple" of Zhang Jiqing. She has been studying with Zhang Jiqing for seven years. This year, Zhang Jiqing is going to teach her the complete version of "Rotten Keshan". After experience, Liu Yu has been able to take the lead in the drama independently. The youth version of Peony Pavilion won three books in nine hours, and participated in the performance of the National Grand Theatre on behalf of Jiangsu Province as the starring role of The Legend of the White Snake, and won the outstanding performance award of Jiangsu Bauhinia Wenhua twice.

  The inheritance of Kunqu Opera is a cycle every fifteen years, and the fault will bring immeasurable losses to Kunqu Opera. Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre insists on promoting people with drama and leading teams with drama, forming a benign echelon structure. It is stipulated in the academy that every actor must learn a passbook drama every year, and national first-class actors must teach young actors at least one passbook drama every year. If a play is included in the inheritance plan of the theater, a crew will be formed for the overall inheritance. Every year, at least 12 passbook plays in Su Kun are passed down as a whole and put on the stage.

  According to written records, there are more than 2,000 folds of Kunqu opera texts, mainly legends of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and about 450 folds can be performed. Suzhou Kunqu Theatre has been rescuing and protecting traditional opera in recent years. At present, about 200 percent of it can be put on the stage. Yu Jiulin, Shen Fengying, Zhou Xuefeng and other "Plum Blossom Award" winners are the "pillars" of Suzhou Kunqu Theatre at present, and they are responsible for the performance of big plays and the teaching of young actors.

  From the script to the actors and then to the audience, Kunqu opera has formed a systematic inheritance in these years. The youth version of Peony Pavilion undoubtedly established the position of Kunqu Opera in the minds of the younger generation. In the past 15 years, the Youth Edition of Peony Pavilion has performed a total of 342 performances, with an audience of 800,000 people, 72% of whom are young, and 25% of them have entered the campus. They have successively entered more than 30 famous schools at home and abroad, which has reduced the age level of Kunqu opera audiences by 30 years, which has won more audiences for the new editions of Yu Pin Ji, Bai Luo Shirt and Yi Xia Ji. Before each performance, the organizer will try to arrange guided tours, with famous cultural scholars giving keynote lectures and leading actors demonstrating performances, so as to deepen the audience’s understanding and appreciation of the play.

  Over the past decade, nearly 20 universities at home and abroad, such as Peking University, Hongkong University and Berkeley University, have offered Kunqu courses or set up Kunqu credits. Bai Xianyong and Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre insisted on promoting Kunqu Opera in colleges and universities, and the 11th Oriental Famous Drama Month was held in Shanghai on March 8th — — At the media meeting of the Kunqu Opera Bai Luo Shan and Yi Xia Ji in Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre, representatives from Tongji University and other universities accepted the tickets presented by the organizers for the new edition of Bai Luo Shan and Yi Xia Ji, which planted the seeds of hope for the popularization of Kunqu Opera.

  Suzhou Kunqu Theatre, located on Jiaochang Road in the ancient city, is regarded as the most beautiful theater by the public. In the open experience space, three performance forms are designed: theater version, hall version and garden live version. "On the basis of adhering to the essence of inheritance, we plan to make the Kunqu Opera Life Aesthetics Experience Park, and express the oriental aesthetics through the combination of drama and space. This can be understood as a kind of performance art, so that more people can find relevant interests through experience, so that Kunqu Opera can be deeply embedded in people’s daily lives and realize the live transmission of Kunqu Opera in the audience." Cai Shaohua said.

  (Reporter Su Yan)

Mercedes-Benz GLE price reduction news in Nanning area! The latest offer 599,800, there is no miss

[Autohome Nanning preferential promotion channel] Recently, the star model in the luxury SUV field is giving back to Nanning consumers with amazing discounts. It is understood that Mercedes-Benz GLE is conducting in-depth profit-making activities in the Nanning market, with the highest discount reaching an astonishing 100,000 yuan, making the model with a starting price of 599,800 yuan now more cost-effective. For riders who are interested in starting a GLE, this is undoubtedly a good opportunity not to be missed. To seize this opportunity, be sure to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get higher preferential treatment.

南宁地区奔驰GLE降价消息!最新报价59.98万,错过就没有

The Mercedes-Benz GLE leads the trend of luxury SUVs with its elegant and refined exterior design. On the front face, its streamlined shape complements the intake grille decorated with chrome trim, giving the vehicle a strong visual impact. Matrix LED headlights are as fine as carvings, providing clear lighting for night driving. In overall style, the Mercedes-Benz GLE fuses power and movement, showing the perfect combination of luxury and technology, reflecting the always exquisite craftsmanship and design concept of the Mercedes-Benz brand.

南宁地区奔驰GLE降价消息!最新报价59.98万,错过就没有

The Mercedes-Benz GLE demonstrates the charm of a luxury SUV with its refined side design and excellent proportions. The body length reaches 4927mm, the width is 2018mm, the height is 1797mm, and the wheelbase reaches 2995mm, making the interior spacious and comfortable. The balanced distribution of the front and rear wheel tracks, 1679mm and 1728mm respectively, further ensures driving stability. The tire size is 275/55 R19, and both the front and rear wheels are equipped with wide tires, which not only provides good grip, but also enhances the overall visual effect. The wheel style reflects the usual elegance and power of Mercedes-Benz, adding an element of movement and dynamics to the vehicle.

南宁地区奔驰GLE降价消息!最新报价59.98万,错过就没有

The interior of the Mercedes-Benz GLE is exquisite and luxurious, demonstrating the brand’s consistent craftsmanship. The spacious interior uses a high-end leather steering wheel, which provides a comfortable feel and supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustment to ensure convenient control for the driver. The 12.3-inch central control screen stands on the dashboard, which is clear and easy to read. It integrates various functions such as multimedia system, navigation, phone and air conditioning, which is convenient for the driver to control at any time.

The seats are made of imitation leather, which combines texture and durability. The front seats are equipped with heating and ventilation functions to ensure comfort in all seasons. Both driver and passenger seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment and lumbar support for personalized sitting posture. The rear seats support proportional reclining, adding more possibilities for practicality and providing passengers with flexible loading space. The overall interior design focuses on function without losing luxury, creating an elegant and technological interior atmosphere for passengers.

南宁地区奔驰GLE降价消息!最新报价59.98万,错过就没有

The Mercedes-Benz GLE is equipped with a 2.0T engine with a maximum power of 190 kW and a maximum torque of 400 Nm. This power unit can provide a strong output of 258 horsepower. With a 9-speed manual transmission, the vehicle can provide a smooth and efficient shift experience during driving, ensuring the driver’s excellent performance in various road conditions.

To sum up, as Autohome owners say, the Mercedes-Benz GLE has won the favor of consumers with its domineering appearance and brand influence, as well as today’s more affordable prices. This change not only continues Mercedes-Benz’s luxury gene, but also allows more owners to experience the charm of this luxury SUV. For consumers seeking an excellent driving experience, the Mercedes-Benz GLE is undoubtedly an option worth considering.

Liu Yifei is about to sign a contract with a famous American brokerage company to become Zhang Ziyi’s junior sister

Feature: Picture Channel






    "King of Kung Fu", the first peak showdown between Jet Li and Jackie Chan, the two international kung fu superstars, is about to be released in April, and the actress Liu Yifei in the film has also signed a contract with the famous American agency William Morris (WGA) for this role, becoming the company’s second Chinese actress after Zhang Ziyi.


  Play against two kung fu superstars


  Liu Yifei, who worked with Jackie Chan and Jet Li, two Chinese kung fu emperors, on her first international blockbuster, said that she also learned a lot while being pressured. "Although I also took on martial arts films and tried action scenes in the past, this time Jackie Chan and Jet Li are famous action masters. Seeing their real and wonderful fighting moves, I felt very enjoyable, and my understanding of action scenes has also improved a lot." The reporter learned from Liu Yifei that her "Golden Swallow" role is quite heavy, but the film is only given a few seconds of exposure in the promotional video in order to maintain its "mysterious image."


  Oriental Mei Conquer America Company


  Although the role is mysterious and the current exposure rate is not high, Liu Yifei has been selected by William Morris Agency, one of the three major US agencies, and has become the junior sister of international superstars such as Julia Roberts, Mel Gibson, and Zhang Ziyi. The American media is also very interested in the junior sister of Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi, and believes that Liu Yifei is the most beautiful Chinese actress in the past 50 years.


  The William Morris agency has high requirements for artists and strives for excellence. At present, only Zhang Ziyi and Liu Yifei have been signed among Chinese movie stars. In addition to helping its artists pick up big-budget films from Hollywood first-line directors, the company will also package and expand them in an all-round way, such as the lead role of Zhang Ziyi in "Memoirs of a Geisha".


  It is reported that six major film scripts have been sent to Liu Yifei for her to choose from. The William Morris agency is satisfied with the signing of Liu Yifei, the Chinese actress they see as the most promising. A company spokesman said that they have been following Liu Yifei for a long time. From her dreamy and beautiful fairy sister in "Tianlong Babu" to the out-of-the-world little dragon girl in "Condor Heroes", the company believes that Liu Yifei has the beauty of the East.


  In early May this year, Liu Yifei will attend the US premiere of "King of Kung Fu". At that time, William Morris Agency will also hold a grand ceremony to "marry" Liu Yifei. Competing reporter, Zhang Xuan

Editor in charge: Zhao Deli

Under the tide of the strongest price cuts, "freedom to buy a fuel car" is coming?

* This article is the original content of "Sanlian Life Weekly"



After the start of this year, a price war that has spread from parts to the whole country has caused shock in the automobile industry. The reasons behind it are complex, driven by the withdrawal of subsidy policies and the upgrading of emission reduction standards, but fundamentally reflect the imbalance of the supply and demand structure of the automobile market. On the one hand, the production capacity is released too quickly, and on the other hand, the demand is relatively insufficient. Mixed with the impulse of local governments to fight for the economy, and some car companies are blindly optimistic. These factors add up to make the car market in 2023 quickly slide into the era of "big reshuffle". Some car companies have come to the edge of the cliff – price cuts are just the prelude to this battle.


 

 
Text | Zhang Congzhi

Behind the price cut

This year’s car market was first stirred by a group of posters that went viral online in early March.On the poster, the title "The Strongest Car Purchase Discount Season in Hubei Province History Opens" was printed. Government and enterprises jointly subsidized, covering dozens of models from the seven major brands of Hubei Dongfeng Automobile GroupAmong them, the most eye-catching is Dongfeng Citroen C6, with an astonishing subsidy of 90,000 yuan. Dongfeng Citroen is a joint venture brand between Dongfeng Group and French Citroen, which belongs to the French car. In recent years, the transformation has been slow and the decline has been full. Users made jokes and said: "210,000 C6 is old-fashioned, 120,000 C6 is mature and stable." But only by buying a car locally in Hubei and getting a local license plate can you enjoy this policy.
For a while, the local car 4S shops in Wuhan were as lively as a vegetable market, and many outsiders also came to hear the wind. The previously unsalable cars in the hands of dealers were quickly cleared, and local consumption was revived. It seemed that everyone was happy.
 But Li Hongtao, the dealer in Suzhou, couldn’t sit still. He was the general manager of Suzhou Century Automobile, and he had more than a dozen 4S stores in the local area, which was considered the industry leader. As soon as the news of the price cut in Hubei came, the orders in his store were quickly affected, and some consumers saw that prices had started to be reduced elsewhere, or even cancelled their orders, and planned to wait and see for a while.
On March 8, 2023, the car purchase discount season began, and the sales of Dongfeng cars increased. The picture shows an endless stream of customers coming to see the car and buy a car. (Photo | Visual China)
Century Motor was founded by Li Hongtao’s father in 1998, and then gradually grew. Li Hongtao, who was born in 1982, belongs to the second generation of succession. In fact, he also has several sub-brands of Dongfeng Group, such as Dongfeng Fengxing and Dongfeng Qichen, which sell fuel vehicles, and the operation has become increasingly difficult in recent years. However, this round of price reduction of Dongfeng Group is limited to Hubei, so they cannot enjoy the policy dividend, but because they belong to the same company, they have been more obviously affected. Li Hongtao, as a dealer, can only communicate with the main engine factory on the one hand to see if he can get some price reduction measures, and on the other hand, he can also go to the local commerce bureau to see if he can get the policy."To be honest, the local government has issued a lot of promotion policies in the past two years, and everyone knows the situation."
However, this was like a poker game. After Hubei, various places began to follow up one after another, especially several provinces with large automobile industries, such as Jilin Province and FAW Group, which also provided government and enterprise subsidies, covering all products such as FAW Hongqi, FAW Liberation, FAW Pentium, FAW Volkswagen, and FAW Toyota, with preferential quotas ranging from 10,000 to 20,000 yuan. Sichuan Province and Chongqing also claimed to have spent hundreds of millions of yuan to subsidize consumers’ car purchases to stimulate local car consumption.Some leading automakers originally said they would not participate in the price reduction, but ultimately failed to withstand market pressure and introduced disguised price reduction measures.In just a few weeks, almost all mainstream automakers have been involved, forming a price stampede.
In the past two years, there have been too many variables in the automobile market, one moment is "lack of cores", raw material prices have increased, and the other is epidemic control.
 Li Hongtao’s life was not easy, he closed some stores and cut some investment plans. By the second half of last year, everyone was finally optimistic. After all, the epidemic was coming to an end, businesspeople had high expectations for the recovery of the economy, and with the stimulus of subsidy policies, the car market was already looking to pick up. But from a rational analysis, Li Hongtao did not dare to be too optimistic."After all, cars are a large consumption, and there are many policies to be withdrawn this year, which will definitely have an impact on the market. We thought there might be a half-year or a few quarters of adjustment period, but we didn’t expect it to be so fast. As soon as the year began, the price war broke out in an all-out way."
 
The automotive industry is experiencing a revolution, and many automakers feel a strong sense of crisis.
In the opinion of Wang Du, assistant president of the China Automobile Dealers Association, this price war is a symptom, essentially reflecting the structure of a serious imbalance between supply and demand in the automobile market.
 "Our association warned last year that the main contradiction in the auto industry after the epidemic is the contradiction between excessive capacity release and relatively insufficient demand. One side is too fast, the other is too slow, supply and demand do not match, and the impulse of the production department is difficult to restrain, because whether it is the enterprise or the local government, it has to start work, trying to make up for the losses of the epidemic for several years, but the demand has not returned." According to the China Automobile Dealers Association, the total retail sales of passenger cars in the first quarter of 2023 was only 4.29 million, down 13% year-on-year, even lower than the same period last year in the context of "epidemic + lack of cores". Among them, the retail sales of fuel passenger vehicles 2.97 million, down 23% year-on-year; the retail sales of new energy passenger vehicles reached 1.32 million in the first quarter, an increase of 23%. Sales of major brands, especially fuel vehicle brands, halved in the first quarter.
Cars used to be expensive in China, making it difficult for ordinary people to reach them. The real takeoff of the domestic car market was that after entering the 21st century, cars gradually became mass consumer goods. This process was actually accompanied by several rounds of price cuts.
 For example, in 2004 and around 2009, mainstream brands had a round of sharp price cuts. The difference this year is that local governments have played an important role in this wave of price cuts, which has also aroused doubts in the industry. Li Hongtao also said that in the past, OEMs may choose to take the initiative to cut prices because a certain car is not selling well or the inventory is too high. Now many car companies are forced to cut prices, not simply for product structure reasons.

 "Ode to Joy" stills
"
 The price war itself is not a bad thing. In the end, the market will play a regulatory role, the survival of the fittest, and promote the healthy development of the industry. But once the government goes down, other local governments will also go down, and the national unified market will not exist.
 In the end, whichever place has the money, the enterprises there are more likely to survive, which directly interferes with the market order.
 "Wang Du said to this magazine.
 On March 17 this year, the China Automobile Dealers Association also issued a document questioning the promotion behavior of the local government in Hubei, arguing that it only subsidizes local automobile production brands, which is unfair and has also led to consumers in other regions holding coins for purchase, resulting in a significant decrease in the turnover of automobile 4S stores.
 According to the data released by the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, from March 1 to 19, 2023, the retail volume of the passenger car market was 700,000, down 8% year-on-year and 4% month-on-month.
 
But the sequelae of the price war in March continue to affect the auto market today.
 Li Hongtao said that now not every province or every city has policies, and even every district and every town has different policies. For example, in Suzhou, Mudu Town in Wuzhong District said that buying new energy vehicles can subsidize up to 10,000 yuan. After a period of time, Xiangcheng District next to it took out tens of millions of yuan to engage in digital promotions. "Every place is using their brains, it’s very messy." Li Hongtao said that recently, there are rumors that Wuhan will have a wave of supplementary promotions for Dongfeng series products. A car can get a discount of 5,000 to 8,000 yuan. Many companies that do major customer channels try to transfer a branch to Wuhan. After eating the local policy, they sell a wave of cars and then translate the car back.

The "knockout round" begins

In this price war, the most vocal is undoubtedly the fuel vehicle in the joint venture brand.
 China’s car sales exceeded the 10 million mark in 2000, and the growth rate has accelerated since then, reaching a historical peak in 2018, with annual sales exceeding 28 million, but it has since begun to decline, and has basically remained at the level of 25 million vehicles in recent years. Although the decline does not seem large, if you look closely at the structure inside, the changes are amazing. Wang Du said that in the past, the market mainly sold fuel vehicles, but last year the sales of fuel vehicles have dropped to more than 14 million vehicles, that is, the market share of nearly 10 million vehicles per year has been taken away, and the process is accelerating.

NIO’s new model es6 on display at the NIO Shanghai Center flagship store (photo taken in August 2019) (photo by Gao Yuwen/Visual China, photo by Gao Yuwen)

"This year’s price war is not a simple trade-off – I don’t buy a Toyota, I buy a Volkswagen or a Mercedes-Benz, and everyone shares a cake, but if you share more, I will share less.Now, another person suddenly ran out. He called the new energy vehicle. He came to cut away a large piece of cake, and the fuel truck naturally panicked."Wang Du believes that the logic of the market has completely changed, and the automotive industry is entering the knockout stage – a century-old change in the automotive industry.
Li Hongtao’s company now has annual sales of 600 million to 700 million yuan, which has declined significantly in recent years.A few years ago, they had switched from fuel vehicles to new energy tracks, and won several major new energy brands in the Great Wall and Geely series, including Wei brand, Ola, and JK. Only the Dongfeng series still had some fuel vehicles left, focusing on the special vehicle market.The first new energy brand that Li Hongtao won was Weimar Automobile, which was in 2021. At that time, Weimar was still in the first echelon among the new car-making forces. Its founder was Shen Hui, who had served as a director and vice president of Geely Holding Group. He led the team to complete Geely’s acquisition of Volvo, and later served as the chairperson of Volvo China. In terms of car-making, it can be said that Li Hongtao did not bet on this treasure. Weimar reported that its capital chain was broken in the second half of last year, and its factories in Huanggang and Wenzhou have been basically shut down this year.
Traditional fuel vehicles have a sense of crisis, and the new energy vehicles that have risen strongly in recent years are not safe. "Last year, new energy grew rapidly, but the reshuffle also began quietly. In addition to Weimar, Aichi and Skyrim were about to collapse.Several new brands that were going to be launched last year, such as Light Orange Times, Modern Automobile, including Hengda’s Hengchi Automobile, are also out of the picture after painting the cake. "Li Hongtao said.

"Walking Toward the Wind" stills
Who will survive? Ma Jun, a professor at the School of Automotive Engineering at Tongji University, believes that everything is uncertain, and no one dares to predict who will win now. On the contrary, everyone thinks they have a chance, and the market competition is bound to be more intense. Ma Jun was born in 1970 and obtained a doctorate in vehicle engineering in Germany. He later held positions in well-known automobile companies such as mainland Germany, BMW, and Audi. He was in charge of Audi’s market development business in China. He told this magazine that the history of automobiles is closely related to the industrial revolution. From the Age of Steam to the current era of intelligence, automobiles have gone through a total of four eras, but now this era is the most unpredictable and insightful.
"In the past, when a car company decided to develop a new model, it usually used a five-year cycle. That is to say, it had to predict the life and consumption habits of the people in five years, as well as your technical route and production capacity. How can anyone say that I can predict what the world will be like in five years?"Ma Jun introduced that the process of vehicle development is now completely changed, and the iteration is getting faster and faster, making it difficult to analyze users or technology trends.In the past, the automobile industry was relatively closed, and the pattern and players were relatively fixed. But now, all kinds of new players are pouring in, and many places are rushing to launch many projects, and consumers are suddenly presented with too many choices. "In the short term, consumers benefit from it, but in the long-term development of the industry, this is not entirely a good thing."
This year’s round of price wars actually originated from Tesla’s price cuts at the beginning of the year, which eventually spread from the new energy sector to the fuel vehicle market.
 As the most profitable car company in the industry, Tesla’s use of price weapons has been handy. In April 2023, at the China Electric Vehicle 100 Forum, Xu Changming, deputy director of the State Information Center, said that the current price of the auto industry is determined by leading companies. For example, in 2022, Tesla’s bicycle profit exceeded 10,000 US dollars, equivalent to nearly 70,000 yuan. Even if the price is reduced by 30,000 yuan, there is still a profit margin of 40,000 yuan. Last year, BYD, the world’s largest new energy vehicle company by sales, also made a bicycle profit of nearly 9,000 yuan. Except for these two, most car companies have very thin profits and are even selling cars at a loss.

On May 9, 2020, customers learned about Model 3 cars at the Tesla Center in Shanghai

Look at this year’s overall data to know how much the automotive industry has "rolled": according to statistics, in January to February 2023, the income of the automotive industry was 1.2847 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 6%; the profit was 41.40 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 42%; the profit margin of the automotive industry was 3.2%, lower than the average profit margin of 4.6% for the entire industrial enterprise.

Wang Du said that there is also a deep-seated problem that has always existed in the domestic auto industry – high inventory.
 "High inventory is the root of all evil," Wang Du said with certainty, "because high inventory can easily lead to price confusion. Some companies will sell at a reduced price when their inventory is high, and their profits will be thinned. In the end, the entire industry will not make money."Due to the stimulus of the subsidy policy last year, the market demand was overdrawn in advance, and the production capacity of automakers in various places was released too quickly. This year, the inventory in the hands of dealers has reached a very high level.According to the statistics of the China Automobile Dealers Association, from January to March this year, the inventory coefficients of Chinese automobile dealers were 1.8, 1.93 and 1.77 respectively, and the inventory level was above the warning line of 1.5. Wang Du revealed that there are about 3 million vehicles in the hands of dealers in the whole industry. According to the average price of 170,000 yuan a car, more than 500 billion yuan of goods are pressed on dealers.
Since Toyota Group promoted the lean production model to the world, automakers have pursued low inventory or even zero inventory to maximize turnaround efficiency.
 However, this does not prevent the OEM from strongly suppressing the dealers – in the licensing model, they are the relationship between Party A and Party B, and suppressing the inventory is actually occupying the capital pool of Party B. The first is the price, the guide price and the price margin of the car are basically determined by the OEM – the OEM’s control of the price system is related to the order of the sales network and brand perception. In addition, one of the things the OEM likes to do is to press the task to the dealer. "For example, how many car lifts you complete, I will give you a ladder policy; how many end point sales you complete, I will give you a ladder policy, which is actually to tie you to death." Li Hongtao said, "When the market makes money, dealers are of course willing to accept this gameplay, but they have not made money in the past few years. He sold me the car and I don’t want it anymore, so he can’t suppress us. The game between the two sides is also increasing. Some dealers simply quit the network or switch to new energy."

"Driving My Car" stills
Compared with fuel vehicles, the sales system of new energy vehicles is different. Many new forces have learned from Tesla’s direct sales model and sold cars online.
 After the customer places an order, the car factory starts to schedule production again, and after a month or a few months of production, the customer pays the full amount to pick up the car, so the inventory problem is not prominent. Brands like Xiaopeng and Jikrypton that Li Hongtao cooperates with are no longer on the account of their dealers. The cars are sold on the manufacturer’s app, from order placement to delivery, all online. They just provide services and earn a service fee from the car company, not the price difference like in the past.Li Hongtao said that it is actually difficult for dealers to make money by selling cars, and the majority of profits are provided by providing follow-up services such as repair and maintenance.
"The color of the traditional car company’s plan is very strong, and it is sold according to the production. No matter what the market is like, Mr. produced it, and then pressed the dealer to sell it. If it doesn’t sell well, I will give you a discount."Wang Du said that now the logic of the market has changed, and the relationship between car companies and dealers has also changed, because everyone is facing a matter of life and death. In addition, the automobile industry is related to the lifeline of the local economy, and many local governments have had a strong impulse in recent years to let car manufacturers speed up because they have to consider their own GDP and employment issues."But it’s precisely at this time that you can’t suppress the company too much. Originally, people still have tens of billions of yuan in sales a year. If you press hard, the company is gone, and you can’t make it up no matter how much you want."

"City of Angels" stills
 

Search for new space

During this year’s "May Day", Li Hongtao went to Uzbekistan, Bangladesh and Russia to visit the local automobile market. This year, he cooperated with a state-owned enterprise and officially obtained the qualification for second-hand car export. He plans to open his hands and feet to go overseas.In the past two years, China’s auto exports have risen sharply. Last year, it dumped Germany and a few months ago this year, and Japan became the world’s largest exporter of passenger cars. Going out is the general trend.
 "Ode to Joy" stills
Li Hongtao introduced to this magazine that in the past, new car exports were all done by OEMs themselves, such as SAIC, Great Wall, and Chery. The export scale was very large, but they were all in the form of authorization or agency, and rarely in the form of trade.
 In other words, dealers can’t get involved in it, and it is not legal. But the "Belt and Road Initiative" market has developed rapidly, and foreign small batches and scattered orders have gradually poured in. In the past two years, the competent authorities have opened up channels and issued more than 100 used car export licenses across the country. It is said that used cars are used cars, but most of the new cars that go out are brought up by dealers from the main engine factory. The people in the middle are mainly traders in Tianjin Port (the main port for China’s automobile import and export). In the past two years, dealers like Li Hongtao who do brick and mortar stores have had a difficult time and have begun to join them.
It is actually better to make money by exporting than by selling new cars at home.
 There is a saying that the same car can be priced more than $9,000 higher abroad than at home, and many automakers now rely on foreign sales to make up for domestic losses.The reason why Li Hongtao is optimistic about exports is that the acceptance of new energy products abroad is increasing, and on the other hand, the quality of China’s new energy vehicles is indeed good. From price to configuration, from car to battery, and battery life, the advantages are obvious.However, after walking around, he sighed: "The Chinese are really capable of’curling ‘. Basically, as long as a market is taken by domestic people, it will be very’curled’ within a year or two. It is not only people in the automotive industry who are running overseas. Now the economic environment is not good, which has a great impact on foreign trade exports. The exports of many industrial products are shrinking. These people want to transform and want to get involved in new industries. When they see that the momentum of automobiles is good, they all come over." Since last year, people in consumer electronics, cross-border e-commerce or international logistics have come to Li Hongtao.

On October 31, 2022, a batch of automobiles was prepared for export to overseas markets at the Taicang Port Terminal in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province.

Is the domestic market really reaching a ceiling?Everyone’s opinions are quite different. Some people think that it has reached the ceiling and will continue to decline in the future, while others think that there is still a lot of room for growth. Ma Jun is a centrist. He thinks that it will be difficult for China’s auto market to grow significantly in the future, but there is still room for micro-growth.Because the per capita car ownership in China is not high, and the vast rural areas, the road resources are getting better and better, and the country is also promoting rural revitalization, so there is still demand in the rural market to release. In addition, with the rich use of cars, the demand of women and the elderly is also growing.
Zhou Lijun, president and chief analyst of the Yiche Research Institute, mainly does user research. He dismisses the "new four modernizations" of automobiles (that is, electrification, networking, intelligence, and sharing) that car companies have talked about in recent years. He believes that this has instead made many car companies blindly follow the trend and mess up.He put forward a set of user "new four modernizations" theory, that is, middle-aged, feminized, single and aging, corresponding to the consumption needs of four sub-groups of people.He analyzed to this magazine that the growth of the automobile market is highly consistent with the demographic trend – after China’s automobile sales entered the 21st century, especially after 2008, they maintained a rapid growth of nearly 10 years, mainly relying on the "post-80s" people, who will have the demand to buy cars in the two stages of life of marriage and childbirth. After the "post-90s", the population size continued to decline, and there were more and more people who married late and had children or even did not marry or have children, and the overall automobile consumption demand also began to decline. Therefore, China’s automobile market peaked around 2018, and then the overall trend was downward.But he believes that China’s auto market will instead usher in a new "golden decade", because the new consumer group will not only unleash new demand, but also greatly increase the purchasing power of carsIn the past, products of about 100,000 yuan were the main models in the market, and products of more than 250,000 yuan will dominate in the future, which makes many new technologies and configurations available, thus releasing more industrial opportunities.

"The First Half of My Life" stills

As the car market slumped, practitioners began to habitually look forward to a new round of bailout policies. "The data in the first quarter fell very quickly, but in fact it was not as severe as in previous years. When the previous purchase tax halving policy was cancelled, the data fell even more severely. And now there is a lack of demand, and once the policy is withdrawn, it is equivalent to pouring cold water on the other side." Wang Du said that as an industry association, they have also made suggestions to the relevant departments very seriously, hoping that the policy can be extended for a period of time, and there is a transition period, but it has not been implemented for various reasons. "We think that the stimulus policy is actually not a good way. Just like people taking medicine, if the medicine is taken too violently, it will cause damage to the body."

Canceling the car purchase restriction policy in big cities is a much-discussed approach in the industry.
 "Why limit purchases in the city? The main starting point is to solve the traffic congestion problem. In the past, there was a pollution problem, but now there is no pollution problem in the use of new energy vehicles. We have always called on the government to use scientific methods, economic means, and legal procedures to solve the congestion problem, rather than preventing people from buying cars." Wang Du said, for example, collecting taxes, because congestion is not blocked every day or every time. It is only blocked at a specific time period and in a specific area. If you enter the congested area during this time period and occupy road resources, then you can pay a little money. If you are not willing to spend money, you can also choose public transportation. In this way, the government has tax revenue, which can be used to further improve the public transportation system, roads, and parking facilities, and a virtuous circle can be established. They have estimated that by relaxing or even canceling the purchase restriction, it is expected that in the past five years, the country can increase the sales of passenger cars by about 1 million, accounting for about 5% of the sales of passenger cars, which will increase the total retail sales of social consumer goods by about 0.5% and GDP by about 0.3%.
In addition, with the gradual saturation of domestic car ownership, the scale of the used car market is also expanding.
 Wang Du expects that this year, the number of used cars traded in China will reach more than 20 million, which is on par with new cars. "In developed markets like Europe and the United States, the ratio of used cars to new cars has reached 2.5:1, and the transaction volume of used cars is much larger than that of new cars. In the past two years, the policies of the domestic used car market have been introduced one after another, and after the transaction is gradually standardized, we think this market will continue to expand."Wang Du also cautioned that the active second-hand car market is actually good for new cars"Because most cities, such as Beijing, now have more than 60% replacement demand, you have to sell an old car to buy a new one. If the circulation of used cars is smooth and they can be sold at a relatively good price, more people will be willing to sell old cars and buy new ones, thus accelerating the circulation and circulation of the automobile market and forming an endogenous driving force for market development."
(This article is published in the 21st issue of "Sanlian Life Weekly" in 2023. Click on the cover picture at the end of the article to place an order with one click)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Typesetting: Yutong/ Review: Same

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed.

  BYD Dynasty Network B-class Pioneer Hunting SUV— — Song l was officially listed. The new car has launched four rear-drive models and one four-wheel drive model, with an official guide price of 189,800 yuan — — 249,800 yuan

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed _fororder_image001

  In appearance, Song L truly achieved "beauty" and "material": the frameless door adopts double-layer laminated glass, and Fuyao’s top-grade steel glass technology brings better airtightness and quietness; The adaptive electric tail can rise and fall with the speed, effectively reducing the drag coefficient, which is of great significance for improving endurance and handling performance; The standard tires with narrow front and wide back make it difficult for Song-L expressway to swing its tail when changing lanes, ensuring the safety of emergency avoidance.

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed _fororder_image002

  Song L is based on E platform 3.0, with a maximum output power of 380kW, a peak torque of 670N·m and a zero acceleration of 4.3 seconds. The efficient eight-in-one electric powertrain makes the energy consumption of Song L’s 100-kilometer driving as low as 12.8kW·h, and the longest cruising range can reach 662 km, which not only drives fast, but also saves energy.

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed _fororder_image003

  At the same time, the new car is also equipped with CTB battery body integration technology to make the torsional stiffness of the car body reach 40400 N m. Coupled with iTAC intelligent torque distribution system, it helps Song L’s upper control limit to be further improved.

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed _fororder_image004

  Electronic unlock door button, double-layer silver-plated panoramic canopy and front seat ventilation and heating become standard; The leather steering wheel is equipped with heating function, the main and co-pilot seats are integrated with electric adjustment and massage function, and the intelligent interactive atmosphere lights can change colors according to different scenes, creating a unique riding experience; In addition, high-end configurations such as dual-temperature zone automatic air conditioning, co-pilot boss key, active fragrance system, 12-speaker HiFi-class customized Dana audio and 50W mobile phone wireless fast charging have also reshaped consumers’ expectations and cognition of this price segment.

BYD Song L positioning B-class hunting SUV officially listed _fororder_image005

  "Safety is the greatest luxury of electric vehicles." In addition to doing a good job in active and passive safety, Song L carved safety into the "bone" from the structure to provide a true all-round protection. Blade battery, CTB, high-strength materials and DiPilot intelligent driver assistance system are all equipped.

  Song L is equipped with three intelligent systems: DiLink Intelligent Cockpit, DiPilot Intelligent Driver Assistance System and Intelligent Entry System. With mature technology and pragmatic functions, it creates a more mature and convenient intelligent travel experience for users. (Source: BYD)