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AI weapons frequently appear in the battlefield, the International Red Cross： the military application of AI brings great risks to civilians.

For several months, with the development of ChatGPT and other chat robots, artificial intelligence and its prospects have attracted worldwide attention. However, people pay little attention to the application of artificial intelligence in conflicts and its impact on civilians. In the war-torn Russia-Ukraine front, the extensive use of weapons such as unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned boats, patrol missiles and smart mines will herald a future in which human beings will use their own weapon systems to wage war.

On August 4, a Ukrainian unmanned boat attacked a Russian amphibious landing ship moored in the Russian Novorossiysk military port, causing serious damage to the latter. A series of recent attacks on government buildings in Moscow are also related to Ukrainian drones. The Russian army, on the other hand, used a large number of suicide drones or patrol missiles on the land battlefield and achieved remarkable results.

According to the Jerusalem Post reported on August 10th, a British think tank, GlobalData, recently released a report, saying that "although the public’s interest in AI has increased greatly mainly due to the release of ChatGpt more than half a year ago, the military of various countries have already paid attention to the future application of AI in the battlefield, especially the autonomous weapon system capable of deep learning."

AI and autonomous weapon system

Autonomous weapon system refers to a weapon system with autonomy in "important functions", that is to say, this weapon can choose (search or monitor, determine and track) and attack (intercept, use force to confront, offset, destroy or destroy) targets without human intervention.

Autonomous weapon systems choose targets and use force against them without human intervention. After being initially started or launched by a human, the autonomous weapon system starts or triggers an attack on its own according to the environmental information received from the sensor and based on the general "target description". This means that the user has not chosen the specific target, exact time and/or place of the attack by using force from the autonomous weapon system, or even knows nothing about it.

Although at the current level of military science and technology, robots that fight automatically have not yet appeared, the unmanned trend of conflicts has become very obvious. In recent years, the patrol missile, which shines brightly in wars and conflicts, is a new concept ammunition, which has the potential to evolve into an autonomous weapon system in the future. This weapon can cruise over the target area, "stand by" and search for the target, and then attack after locating the target. In the Naka conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia in 2020, a large number of patrol missiles participated in the war, which profoundly affected the development of the war situation and attracted great attention from all countries. At present, in the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, both sides also use a large number of patrol missiles. The United States has provided Ukraine with patrol missiles such as Spring Knife and Phoenix Ghost, while Russia has used a large number of patrol missiles such as The Lancet and KUB-BLA. A large number of videos and photos have proved that such weapons have caused serious losses to personnel and weapons and equipment of both sides.

In the existing arsenals of various countries, many remote-controlled weapon systems have autonomous "modes", so they can only operate autonomously in a short period of time. Moreover, these weapons are extremely limited in the tasks they perform, the types of targets they attack and the environment in which they are used. Most existing systems are also monitored by human operators in real time.

However, with the development of military science and technology, the future autonomous weapon system may have more freedom of action when determining the attack target, which is not strictly limited by space and time, and can cope with rapidly changing situations.

According to a report by Defense One, the US military is increasingly interested in using artificial intelligence, especially machine learning, to control autonomous weapons. According to the report, machine learning software is "experienced" in data, and can create its own model for specific tasks and formulate strategies to complete the task. This kind of software can program itself to some extent. However, this model is usually a "black box", and it is extremely difficult for human beings to predict, understand and explain it, and it is also difficult to test how and on what basis the machine learning system realizes a specific evaluation or decision. Some machine learning systems will continue to "learn" during their use, that is, the so-called "active", "online" learning or "self-learning", which means that their task models will change with time.

ICRC: The international community urgently needs to strengthen discussions.

As early as 2015, the International Red Cross (ICRC) pointed out that the current speed of scientific and technological development and military interest in the autonomy of weapon systems make it urgent for the international community to consider the legal and moral impact of such weapons.

Recently, ICRC also published an article on its website on July 24th, arguing that the operation process of autonomous weapon system may bring harm to people (whether civilians or combatants) affected by armed conflict, and it is in danger of escalating the conflict. It will also challenge the observance of the rules of international law, such as international humanitarian law, especially the rules of hostilities for the protection of civilians. In addition, replacing human’s decision on life and death with sensors, software and machine programs will arouse human’s fundamental moral concern.

Therefore, the dialogue around the military use of artificial intelligence needs to incorporate the principles of international humanitarian law stipulated in the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols. The international community should adopt a people-oriented approach to deal with the use of artificial intelligence in conflict-affected areas. Protective measures need to be established to help strengthen existing protective measures and reduce other risks.

At present, the discussion of lethal autonomous weapon system in the international community focuses on whether it can clearly distinguish combatants from non-combatants, and whether it will blur the actors of killing behavior. Some non-governmental organizations or lobbying organizations, such as "stop the killer robot movement", have advocated that the international community completely ban lethal autonomous weapon systems. Different opinions hold that the supervision of international law and domestic law can be strengthened.

According to the British "Guardian" reported earlier, at a related meeting in 2019, many representatives from developing countries agreed to completely ban lethal autonomous weapon systems or impose strict regulatory measures, but Britain, the United States, Russia, Australia and Israel expressed opposition to this. Britain’s reason is that at present, the British army is not equipped with a completely autonomous weapon system, and the relevant discussions are not sufficient, so it is not in favor of premature implementation of the "preventive ban."

Meteorological disaster warning signal and prevention guide

　　A typhoon warning signal

　　Typhoon warning signals are divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(1) Typhoon blue warning signal

　　Standard: It may or has been affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, and the average wind force along the coast or land is above 6, or the gust is above 8 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should make preparations for typhoon prevention according to their duties; 2. Stop outdoor collective activities and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude; 3. Take active measures for water operations and passing ships in relevant waters, such as returning to Hong Kong to avoid the wind or sailing around; 4. Reinforce the structures that are easy to be blown by the wind, such as doors and windows, hoardings, scaffolding, billboards, etc., and cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply.

　　(2) Typhoon yellow warning signal

　　Standard: it may be or has been affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, and the average wind force along the coast or land is above 8, or the gust is above 10 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should prepare for typhoon emergency according to their duties; 2. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and outdoor dangerous operations such as high altitude; 3. Take active measures for water operations and passing ships in relevant waters to strengthen port facilities and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision; 4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will, ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous house personnel will be transferred in time.

　　(3) Typhoon orange warning signal

　　Standard: It may or has been affected by tropical cyclones within 12 hours, and the average wind force along the coast or land is above 10, or the gust is above 12 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue according to their duties; 2. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings, suspend classes and business (except for special industries); 3. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and strengthen port facilities to prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision; 4. To reinforce or dismantle structures that are easily blown by the wind, the personnel should stay in a windproof and safe place as far as possible. When the typhoon center passes, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that strong winds will suddenly blow, and they should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind, and the dangerous personnel should be transferred in time; 5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

　　(4) Typhoon red warning signal

　　Standard: It may or has been affected by tropical cyclones within 6 hours, and the average wind force along the coast or land is above 12, or the gust is above 14 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in typhoon emergency and emergency rescue according to their duties; 2. Stop the assembly, suspend classes and suspend business (except for special industries); 3. Ships returning to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind should take active measures according to the situation, and properly arrange personnel to stay behind or move to a safe place; 4. To reinforce or dismantle the structures that are easy to be blown by the wind, the personnel should stay in a windproof and safe place. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow, and they should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind, and the dangerous people should be transferred in time; 5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

　　Second, the rainstorm warning signal

　　The rainstorm warning signal is divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) rainstorm blue warning signal

　　Standard: within 12 hours, the rainfall will reach more than 50 mm, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainfall may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should prepare for the rainstorm according to their duties; 2. Schools and kindergartens take appropriate measures to ensure the safety of students and children; 3. Drivers should pay attention to road water and traffic jams to ensure safety; 4. Check the drainage system of cities, farmland and fish ponds, and prepare for drainage.

　　(2) yellow rainstorm warning signal

　　Standard: The rainfall will reach more than 50 mm within 6 hours, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainfall may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing rainstorm according to their duties; 2. The traffic management department shall take traffic control measures in heavy rainfall sections according to the road conditions, and implement traffic guidance in waterlogged sections; 3. Cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply in low-lying areas, suspend outdoor work in open places, and transfer people in dangerous areas and residents of dangerous houses to safe places to shelter from the rain; 4. Check the drainage system of cities, farmland and fish ponds and take necessary drainage measures.

　　Standard: within 3 hours, the rainfall will reach more than 50 mm, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainfall may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in emergency prevention of rainstorm according to their duties; 2. Cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply and suspend outdoor work; 3. Units in danger zones shall suspend classes or business, and take special measures to protect the safety of students, children and other working personnel who have arrived at school; 4. Do a good job in the drainage of cities and farmland, and pay attention to prevent possible disasters such as flash floods, landslides and mudslides.

　　(4) Rainstorm red warning signal

　　Standard: within 3 hours, the rainfall will reach more than 100 mm, or it has reached more than 100 mm and the rainfall may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in emergency and rescue against rainstorm according to their duties; 2. Stop the assembly, suspend classes and suspend business (except for special industries); 3. Do a good job in the prevention and rescue of mountain torrents, landslides, mudslides and other disasters.

　　Third, the blizzard warning signal

　　Blizzard warning signals are divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(1) Blizzard Blue Warning Signal

　　Standard: within 12 hours, the snowfall will reach more than 4 mm, or it has reached more than 4 mm and the snowfall continues, which may have an impact on traffic or agriculture and animal husbandry.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should prepare for snow disaster and freezing injury according to their duties; 2 transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments should carry out road, railway and line inspection and maintenance, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting; 3. Pedestrians should pay attention to cold prevention and anti-skid, drivers should drive carefully, and vehicles should take anti-skid measures; 4. Farming and pastoral areas and breeding industries should reserve feed and prepare for snow disaster prevention and freezing injury prevention; 5. Reinforce temporary structures that are easily crushed by snow, such as scaffolding.

　　(B) Blizzard yellow warning signal

　　Standard: within 12 hours, the snowfall will reach more than 6 mm, or it has reached more than 6 mm and the snowfall continues, which may have an impact on traffic or agriculture and animal husbandry.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments shall implement measures to prevent snow disaster and freezing damage according to their duties; 2 transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments should strengthen the inspection and maintenance of roads, railways and lines, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting; 3. Pedestrians should pay attention to cold prevention and anti-skid, drivers should drive carefully, and vehicles should take anti-skid measures; 4. Farming and pastoral areas and breeding industries should prepare enough feed to prevent snow disasters and freezing damage; 5. Reinforce temporary structures that are easily crushed by snow, such as scaffolding.

　　(3) Blizzard orange warning signal

　　Standard: within 6 hours, the snowfall will reach more than 10 mm, or it has reached more than 10 mm and the snowfall continues, which may or has already had a great impact on traffic or agriculture and animal husbandry.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do emergency work to prevent snow disaster and freezing injury according to their duties; 2 transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments should strengthen the inspection and maintenance of roads, railways and lines, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting; 3. Reduce unnecessary outdoor activities; 4. Reinforce temporary structures that are easily crushed by snow, such as scaffolding, and drive outdoor livestock into the shed to feed.

　　(4) Blizzard red warning signal

　　Standard: within 6 hours, the snowfall will reach more than 15mm, or it has reached more than 15mm and the snowfall continues, which may or has had a great impact on traffic or agriculture and animal husbandry.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do emergency and rescue work to prevent snow disaster and freezing injury according to their duties; 2. If necessary, suspend classes or business (except for special industries); 3. When necessary, the aircraft will be suspended from taking off and landing, the train will be suspended, and the expressway will be temporarily closed; 4. Do a good job in disaster relief work in pastoral areas.

　　Fourth, the cold wave warning signal

　　The cold wave warning signal is divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) cold wave blue warning signal

　　Standard: within 48 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 8℃, the minimum temperature will be less than or equal to 4℃, and the average wind power on land will reach more than 5. Or it has dropped by more than 8℃, the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 4℃, and the average wind power reaches more than 5, which may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should prepare for the cold wave according to their duties; 2. Pay attention to adding clothes to keep warm; 3. Take certain protective measures for tropical crops and aquatic products; 4. Prepare for the wind.

　　(2) Cold wave yellow warning signal

　　Standard: within 24 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 10℃, the minimum temperature is less than or equal to 4℃, and the average wind power on land can reach above 6. Or it has dropped by more than 10℃, the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 4℃, and the average wind force is above 6, and it may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing cold wave according to their duties; 2. Pay attention to add clothes to keep warm and take care of the old, weak and sick; 3. Take cold-proof measures for livestock, poultry, tropical and subtropical fruits and related aquatic products and crops; 4. Do a good job of windproof.

　　(3) Cold wave orange warning signal

　　Standard: within 24 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 12℃, the minimum temperature is less than or equal to 0℃, and the average wind power on land can reach above 6. Or it has dropped by more than 12℃, the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 0℃, and the average wind force is above 6, and it may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing cold wave emergency according to their duties; 2. Pay attention to cold and warmth; 3. Agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, etc. should actively take anti-frost and freezing measures to minimize losses; 4. Do a good job of windproof.

　　(4) Cold wave red warning signal

　　Standard: within 24 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 16℃, the minimum temperature is less than or equal to 0℃, and the average wind power on land can reach above 6. Or it has dropped by more than 16℃, the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 0℃, and the average wind force is above 6, and it may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job of emergency and rescue against cold wave according to their duties; 2. Pay attention to cold and warmth; 3. Agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, etc. should actively take anti-frost and freezing measures to minimize losses; 4. Do a good job of windproof.

　　Five, strong wind warning signal

　　The warning signal of gale (except typhoon) is divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) gale blue warning signal

　　Standard: It may be affected by strong winds within 24 hours, with an average wind force of more than 6 or a gust of more than 7; Or have been affected by strong winds, the average wind force is 6~7, or the gust is 7~8 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing strong winds according to their duties; 2. Close the doors and windows, reinforce the structures that are easy to be blown by the wind, such as hoardings, scaffolding and billboards, properly arrange outdoor items that are easily affected by strong winds, and cover building materials; 3. Take active measures for water operations and passing ships in relevant waters, such as returning to Hong Kong to avoid the wind or sailing around; 4. Pedestrians should pay attention to riding bicycles as little as possible, and don’t stay under billboards and temporary structures when it is windy; 5. Relevant departments and units should pay attention to forest and grassland fire prevention.

　　(2) Gale yellow warning signal

　　Standard: It may be affected by strong winds within 12 hours, with an average wind force of 8 or above or a gust of 9 or above; Or it has been affected by strong winds, with an average wind force of 8-9, or a gust of 9-10 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing strong winds according to their duties; 2. Stop outdoor dangerous operations such as outdoor activities and high altitude, and people in dangerous areas and residents of dangerous houses should try to move to sheltered places to avoid the wind; 3. Take active measures for water operations and passing ships in relevant waters to strengthen port facilities and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision; 4. Cut off the outdoor dangerous power supply, properly arrange outdoor items that are easily affected by strong winds, and cover building materials; 5. Airports, highways and other units should take measures to ensure traffic safety, and relevant departments and units should pay attention to forest and grassland fire prevention.

　　(3) Gale orange warning signal

　　Standard: It may be affected by strong winds within 6 hours, with an average wind force of more than 10 or a gust of more than 11; Or have been affected by strong winds, with an average wind force of 10-11, or gusts of 11-12 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing strong winds according to their duties; 2. Primary and secondary schools and units with weak wind resistance should suspend classes and business, and reduce the number of people going out; 3. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and strengthen port facilities to prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision; 4. Cut off the dangerous power supply, properly arrange outdoor items that are easily affected by strong winds, and cover building materials; 5. Airports, railways, highways, water transportation and other units should take measures to ensure traffic safety, and relevant departments and units should pay attention to fire prevention in forests and grasslands.

　　(4) Gale red warning signal

　　Standard: It may be affected by strong winds within 6 hours, with an average wind force of more than 12 or a gust of more than 13; Or have been affected by strong winds, the average wind force is above 12, or the gust is above 13 and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in gale emergency and emergency rescue according to their duties; 2. Personnel should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, and don’t go out at will; 3. Ships returning to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind should take active measures according to the situation, and properly arrange personnel to stay behind or move to a safe place; 4. Cut off the dangerous power supply, properly arrange outdoor items that are easily affected by strong winds, and cover building materials; 5. Airports, railways, highways, water transportation and other units should take measures to ensure traffic safety, and relevant departments and units should pay attention to fire prevention in forests and grasslands.

　　Six, sandstorm warning signal

　　The warning signal of sandstorm is divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) the yellow warning signal of sandstorm

　　Standard: Sandstorm weather may occur within 12 hours (visibility is less than 1000 meters), or sandstorm weather has occurred and may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing sandstorms according to their duties; 2. Close the doors and windows, reinforce the structures that are easily blown by the wind, such as hoardings, scaffolding and billboards, properly arrange outdoor items that are easily affected by strong winds, cover building materials, and do a good job in sealing precision instruments; 3. Pay attention to carrying dust-proof articles such as masks and scarves to avoid dust damage to eyes and respiratory tract; 4. Patients with respiratory diseases and those who are sensitive to sandstorms should not go outdoors.

　　(2) The orange warning signal of sandstorm

　　Standard: Strong sandstorm weather may occur within 6 hours (visibility is less than 500 meters), or it has already occurred and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in preventing sandstorms according to their duties; 2. Stop outdoor activities and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude and water; 3. Airports, railways, highways and other units should take protective measures for traffic safety, and drivers should pay attention to changes in sandstorms and drive carefully; 4. Pedestrians should ride bicycles as little as possible, and outdoor personnel should wear masks, scarves and other dust-proof articles to pay attention to traffic safety.

　　(3) Sandstorm in red warning signal

　　Standard: Extreme sandstorm weather may occur within 6 hours (visibility is less than 50 meters), or extreme sandstorm weather has occurred and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in emergency rescue against sandstorms according to their duties; 2. Personnel should stay in windproof and dustproof places, and do not engage in outdoor activities; 3. Schools and kindergartens postpone going to school or leaving school until the end of the particularly strong sandstorm; 4. The plane stopped taking off and landing, the train stopped running and the expressway was temporarily closed.

　　Seven, high temperature warning signal

　　The high temperature warning signal is divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) high temperature yellow warning signal

　　Standard: The maximum daily temperature will be above 35℃ for three consecutive days.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units should make preparations for heatstroke prevention and cooling according to their duties; 2. Minimize outdoor activities in the afternoon; 3. Provide guidance on heatstroke prevention and cooling for the old, weak, sick and young people; 4. Personnel who work under high temperature conditions and need to do outdoor outdoor operations for a long time during the day shall take necessary protective measures.

　　(2) High temperature orange warning signal

　　Standard: The maximum temperature will rise above 37℃ within 24 hours.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units shall implement safeguard measures for heatstroke prevention and cooling according to their duties; 2. Try to avoid outdoor activities in high temperature period, and the personnel working under high temperature conditions should shorten the continuous working hours; 3. Provide guidance on heatstroke prevention and cooling for the old, weak, sick and young people, and take necessary protective measures; 4. Relevant departments and units should pay attention to prevent fires caused by excessive electricity consumption and excessive electric loads such as wires and transformers.

　　(3) High temperature red warning signal

　　Standard: The maximum temperature will rise above 40℃ within 24 hours.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units shall take emergency measures for heatstroke prevention and cooling according to their duties; 2. Stop outdoor outdoor operations (except for special industries); 3. Take protective measures for the old, weak, sick and young people; 4. Relevant departments and units should pay special attention to fire prevention.

　　Eight, drought warning signal

　　The drought warning signal is divided into two levels, which are represented by orange and red respectively. The classification of drought index is based on the comprehensive meteorological drought index in the national standard Meteorological Drought Grade (GB/T20481-2006).

　　(A) the orange warning signal of drought

　　Standard: It is estimated that the comprehensive meteorological drought index will reach severe drought in the coming week (meteorological drought will occur once every 25 to 50 years), or more than 40% of crops in a county (district) will suffer from drought.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units should do emergency work to prevent drought according to their duties; 2 relevant departments to enable emergency standby water sources, dispatch all available water sources within the jurisdiction, and give priority to ensuring domestic water for urban and rural residents and drinking water for livestock; 3. Reduce urban water supply indicators, give priority to irrigation water for cash crops, and limit a large amount of agricultural irrigation water; 4. Restrict unproductive high water consumption and service water consumption, and restrict the discharge of industrial sewage; 5 meteorological departments to carry out artificial precipitation enhancement operations in a timely manner.

　　(2) Arid red warning signal

　　Standard: It is estimated that the comprehensive meteorological drought index will reach extreme drought in the coming week (meteorological drought will occur once in more than 50 years), or more than 60% of crops in a county (district) will suffer from drought.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units shall do emergency and disaster relief work for drought prevention according to their duties; 2. Governments at all levels and relevant departments start emergency water supply schemes such as long-distance water transfer, and adopt various means such as carrying water outside, drilling deep wells and delivering water by car to ensure the life of urban and rural residents and drinking water for livestock; 3. Limited or limited supply of domestic water for urban residents, reducing or phasing out agricultural irrigation water supply; 4. Non-productive high water consumption and service industry water consumption are strictly prohibited, and industrial sewage discharge is suspended; 5. The meteorological department shall increase the intensity of artificial precipitation enhancement in a timely manner.

　　Nine, lightning warning signal

　　Lightning warning signals are divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(1) Lightning yellow warning signal

　　Standard: Lightning activity may occur within 6 hours, which may cause lightning disasters and accidents.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in lightning protection according to their duties; Pay close attention to the weather and try to avoid outdoor activities.

　　(2) Lightning orange warning signal

　　Standard: There is a great possibility of lightning activity within 2 hours, or it has been affected by lightning activity and may continue, so there is a great possibility of lightning disaster.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments shall implement lightning protection emergency measures according to their duties; 2. Personnel should stay indoors and close the doors and windows; 3. Outdoor personnel should hide in buildings or cars with lightning protection facilities; 4. Cut off the dangerous power supply, and do not shelter from the rain under trees, poles or tower cranes; 5. Don’t take an umbrella in the open field, and don’t carry farm tools, badminton rackets and golf clubs on your shoulders.

　　(3) Lightning red warning signal

　　Standard: The possibility of lightning activity within 2 hours is very high, or there has been strong lightning activity, which may continue, and the possibility of lightning disaster is very high.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in lightning protection emergency rescue according to their duties; 2 personnel should try to hide in buildings or cars with lightning protection facilities, and close the doors and windows; 3. Do not touch antennas, water pipes, barbed wire, metal doors and windows, external walls of buildings, and stay away from live equipment such as wires and other similar metal devices; 4. Try not to use TV, telephone and other electrical appliances without lightning protection device or with incomplete lightning protection device; 5. Pay close attention to the release of lightning warning information.

　　X. Hail Warning Signal

　　Hail warning signals are divided into two levels, which are represented by orange and red respectively.

　　(1) Hail orange warning signal

　　Standard: Hail weather may occur within 6 hours and may cause hail disaster.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in hail prevention according to their duties; 2. The meteorological department should prepare for the artificial hail suppression operation and choose the opportunity to carry out the operation; 3. Outdoor pedestrians should immediately take refuge in a safe place; 4. Drive poultry and livestock into covered places, and properly protect outdoor articles or equipment such as cars that are vulnerable to hail attacks; 5. Pay attention to the lightning disaster accompanied by hail weather.

　　(2) Hail red warning signal

　　Standard: there is a great possibility of hail within 2 hours, and it may cause heavy hail disaster.

　　Defense Guide: 1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job of emergency and rescue against hail according to their duties; 2 meteorological departments to carry out artificial hail suppression operations in a timely manner; 3. Outdoor pedestrians should immediately take refuge in a safe place; 4. Drive poultry and livestock into covered places, and properly protect outdoor articles or equipment such as cars that are vulnerable to hail attacks; 5. Pay attention to the lightning disaster accompanied by hail weather.

　　Eleven, frost warning signal

　　Frost warning signals are divided into three levels, which are represented by blue, yellow and orange respectively.

　　(1) Frost blue warning signal

　　Standard: within 48 hours, the minimum ground temperature will drop below 0℃, which will have an impact on agriculture, or it has dropped below 0℃, which has already had an impact on agriculture and may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and the competent departments of agriculture and forestry should make preparations for frost prevention according to their duties; 2. Take certain protective measures for crops, vegetables, flowers, fruits and forestry breeding.

　　3. Rural grass-roots organizations and farmers should pay attention to local frost warning information so as to take measures to strengthen protection.

　　(2) Frost yellow warning signal

　　Standard: within 24 hours, the minimum ground temperature will drop below minus 3℃, which will have a serious impact on agriculture, or it has dropped below minus 3℃, which has had a serious impact on agriculture and may continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and the competent departments of agriculture and forestry should do a good job in frost prevention according to their duties; 2. Rural grassroots organizations should widely mobilize the masses to prevent and fight disasters; 3. For crop and forestry breeding, measures such as field irrigation should be actively taken to prevent frost and freezing, so as to minimize losses; 4. For vegetables, flowers, melons and fruits, measures such as covering and spraying antifreeze should be taken to reduce freezing injury.

　　(3) Frost orange warning signal

　　Standard: within 24 hours, the minimum ground temperature will drop below minus 5℃, which will have a serious impact on agriculture, or it has dropped below minus 5℃, which has had a serious impact on agriculture and will continue.

　　Defense guide: 1. The government and the competent departments of agriculture and forestry should do a good job in frost prevention according to their duties; 2. Rural grassroots organizations should widely mobilize the masses to prevent and fight disasters; 3. Take active measures to deal with the breeding of crops, vegetables, flowers, melons and fruits, and forestry to minimize losses.

　　Twelve, fog warning signal

　　The fog warning signal is divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(1) Fog yellow warning signal

　　Standard: Fog with visibility less than 500 meters may appear within 12 hours, or fog with visibility less than 500 meters and greater than or equal to 200 meters has already appeared and will continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units should make good preparations for fog prevention according to their duties; 2 airports, highways, ferry terminals and other units to strengthen traffic management to ensure safety; 3. Drivers should pay attention to the change of fog and drive carefully; 4. Pay attention to safety in outdoor activities.

　　(2) Fog orange warning signal

　　Standard: Fog with visibility less than 200m may appear within 6 hours, or fog with visibility less than 200m and greater than or equal to 50m has already appeared and will continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units should do a good job in fog prevention according to their duties; 2. Airports, expressways, ferry terminals and other units should strengthen dispatch and command; 3. Drivers must strictly control the speed of cars and ships; 4. Reduce outdoor activities.

　　(3) Fog red warning signal

　　Standard: Fog with visibility less than 50 meters may appear within 2 hours, or fog with visibility less than 50 meters has already appeared and will continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Relevant departments and units should do a good job in anti-fog emergency work according to their duties; 2. Relevant units shall take timely traffic safety control measures in accordance with industry regulations, such as airport suspension of aircraft take-off and landing, temporary closure of expressways, temporary suspension of ferries, etc.; 3. Drivers should take preventive measures in foggy days according to the regulations on driving in foggy days, adopt reasonable driving modes according to environmental conditions, and find a safe parking area to stop as soon as possible; 4. Don’t do outdoor activities.

　　Thirteen, haze warning signal

　　Haze warning signals are divided into two levels, which are represented by yellow and orange respectively.

　　(1) Haze yellow warning signal

　　Standard: Haze with visibility less than 3000 meters may appear within 12 hours, or haze with visibility less than 3000 meters has already appeared and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Drivers should drive carefully; 2. Due to the obvious decrease of air quality, personnel should be properly protected; 3. Patients with respiratory diseases should minimize going out and wear masks when going out.

　　(2) Haze orange warning signal

　　Standard: Haze with visibility less than 2000m may appear within 6 hours, or haze with visibility less than 2000m has already appeared and may continue.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Airports, expressways, ferry terminals and other units should strengthen traffic management to ensure safety; 2. Drivers should drive carefully; 3. The air quality is poor, and personnel need proper protection; 4. Personnel should reduce outdoor activities, patients with respiratory diseases should try to avoid going out, and they can wear masks when going out.

　　Fourteen, road icing warning signal

　　The warning signal of road icing is divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, orange and red respectively.

　　(A) road icing yellow warning signal

　　Standard: When the road surface temperature is lower than 0℃, precipitation occurs, and road icing may occur within 12 hours.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Traffic, public security and other departments should prepare for road icing according to their duties; 2. Drivers should pay attention to road conditions and drive safely; 3. Pedestrians should ride bicycles as little as possible when going out, and pay attention to anti-skid.

　　(B) Road icing orange warning signal

　　Standard: When the road surface temperature is lower than 0℃, precipitation occurs, and road icing which has great influence on traffic may occur within 6 hours.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Traffic, public security and other departments should do a good job in road icing emergency work according to their duties; 2. Drivers must take anti-skid measures, obey orders and drive slowly; 3. Pedestrians should pay attention to anti-skid when going out.

　　(3) Road icing red warning signal

　　Standard: When the road surface temperature is lower than 0℃, precipitation occurs, and road icing that has a great influence on traffic may occur or has occurred within 2 hours.

　　Defense Guide: 1. Traffic, public security and other departments should do a good job in road icing emergency and rescue; 2. Traffic, public security and other departments should pay attention to directing and guiding the vehicles, and close the icy road traffic when necessary; 3. Personnel shall go out as little as possible. (From June 21, 2007 "China Meteorological News" Author: China Meteorological Bureau)

Report on the Development Trend of Agriculture and Rural Areas in China in 2022-Ensuring Priority Development of Agriculture and Rural Areas (11th Edition of Economic Daily on January 21st)

　　Under the background of stable macroeconomic operation, China’s agricultural and rural reform and development have achieved remarkable results, and the role of agriculture as a ballast stone for economic and social development has become increasingly significant. This report reviews the development of China’s agriculture and rural areas in 2021, analyzes the important opportunities and challenges faced in 2022, and predicts its development trend. On this basis, it puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions based on the hot issues that need attention in the process of agricultural and rural economic and social development.

　　Agriculture grew steadily and grain reached a new high.

　　2021 is the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan". China has overcome the adverse effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and the complicated international economic situation, the overall economy has recovered, agriculture has continued to maintain high-quality and steady development, farmers’ living standards have been continuously improved, and the rural landscape has been further improved.

　　The agricultural economy grew steadily and the grain output reached a new high. In 2021, the added value of the primary industry increased by 7.1% over the previous year, reaching 8,308.6 billion yuan, accounting for 7.26% of the GDP, which was lower than that in 2020. In the first three quarters, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 9,286.34 billion yuan. Among them, the total output value of agriculture is 4,667.11 billion yuan, the total output value of forestry is 384.13 billion yuan, the total output value of animal husbandry is 2,832.90 billion yuan, and the total output value of fishery is 912.96 billion yuan.

　　The comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been continuously improved, and the production of important agricultural products such as grain has made steady progress. In 2021, 100 million mu of high-standard farmland was built nationwide, and the mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest exceeded 72%, of which the comprehensive mechanization rate of wheat cultivation and harvest reached over 95%. The national total grain output reached a new high, reaching 1,365.7 billion Jin, an increase of 26.7 billion Jin over the previous year and a year-on-year increase of 2%. It remained above 1.3 trillion Jin for seven consecutive years, achieving "18 consecutive years of prosperity". The national grain planting area was 1.764 billion mu, an increase of 12.95 million mu over the previous year, with a year-on-year increase of 0.7%, which maintained the growth trend for two consecutive years.

　　The agricultural product market operated smoothly, and the producer price dropped slightly. Basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute safety of rations are the general pattern of grain supply and demand. Judging from the market situation of major cereals, the supply and demand of wheat and rice are basically stable, and the domestic supply of corn presents a certain gap. With the increasing demand for meat, eggs, milk and other products, the demand for feed grain represented by corn is also increasing. In addition, corn is still in the critical period of agricultural production structure adjustment. To some extent, China still needs to increase the import of corn and feed grain to meet the demand. Generally speaking, China’s annual rice imports account for about 2% of domestic production, wheat imports account for about 6% of domestic production, and corn imports account for about 10% of domestic production. Grain imports mainly play a role in meeting differentiated needs.

　　In terms of livestock products, the production capacity of live pigs has fully recovered, and the supply of pork market is relatively sufficient in 2021. Especially since last October, the orderly development of the second round of central and local reserve meat storage has played an important role in ensuring the stability of the pork market and the interests of aquaculture enterprises.

　　In 2021, the producer price of agricultural products fell by 2.2%. The overall price of grain increased greatly, reaching 13.8%, among which wheat and rice increased slightly, 6.6% and 1.9% respectively, while corn increased by 25.5%. The overall price of livestock products decreased by 17.9% year-on-year, mainly due to the decline in the price of live pigs, which decreased by 35.1%; However, the prices of cattle, sheep and eggs have increased in different proportions, among which the price of eggs has increased by 15.5%, which is higher than that of cattle and sheep.

　　Farmers’ income and consumption increased rapidly.

　　Farmers’ income grew steadily, and consumption increased steadily. In 2021, the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 18,931 yuan, a real increase of 9.7% after deducting the price factor, which was 2.6 percentage points faster than that of urban residents. From the perspective of income composition, farmers’ income mainly includes wage income, net operating income, net transfer income and net property income. In the first three quarters of 2021, the four types of income all increased. Among them, wage income is the largest source of farmers’ income, which is 6325 yuan, with a nominal increase of 15.3%, accounting for 46.1% of farmers’ disposable income; The net operating income is 4042 yuan, with a nominal increase of 6.7%, accounting for 29.4%, which is the second largest source of farmers’ income; The net transfer income reached 3002 yuan, a nominal increase of 11%, accounting for 21.9%; The net income of property was 357 yuan, with a nominal increase of 10.7%, accounting for 2.6%.

　　In the first three quarters of 2021, the per capita consumption of rural residents was 4.7 percentage points higher than that of urban residents, and there was still a gap between the consumption level of rural residents and urban residents. In the expenditure structure of rural residents, the consumption of basic necessities such as food, clothing, housing and so on has grown steadily, among which the per capita expenditure on food, alcohol and tobacco accounts for 32% and the per capita expenditure on housing accounts for 21%. Due to the scientific coordination of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development in various regions and departments, the impact of the epidemic has been basically overcome. Consumer spending on services and other supplies has shown a rapid growth trend throughout the year, but it has not yet recovered to the same level in 2019.

　　The level of rural informatization has improved rapidly, and agricultural production has started to be digitized. The COVID-19 epidemic has made the role of rural e-commerce more prominent. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, at present, the coverage rate of administrative villages of e-commerce service stations in China is about 80%, and the online retail sales of agricultural products in counties exceed 300 billion yuan, which is growing rapidly. Relevant research shows that the number of Taobao villages has exceeded 7000 in 2021. The overall promotion of rural revitalization will accelerate the popularization and sinking of digital technology and accelerate the digitalization of rural industries. In the field of smart agriculture, the digitalization of agricultural production is in the ascendant, and the construction of the whole industrial chain of single product big data, such as oil, natural rubber, cotton, soybeans and other products, has started, and the application fields of big data systems have been continuously expanded.

　　The reform of rural collective property rights has completed the phased task, and the collective economy has become a new growth point. The task of rural collective property rights reform has been basically completed nationwide, and rural asset resources have been greatly revitalized through measures such as clearing assets, defining members, quantifying operating assets and establishing economic (stock economy) cooperatives. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, by 2021, nearly 900,000 collective economic organizations at the township, village and group levels have been established in China, and the collective book assets have been checked and verified to be 7.7 trillion yuan (excluding resource assets such as land), including 3.5 trillion yuan of operating assets. The endogenous kinetic energy of rural development has been significantly improved, and the collective economy has become a new growth point, laying a solid foundation for achieving the goal of common prosperity.

　　The pressure of farmland protection has increased.

　　During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the key and difficult points of China’s economic and social development are still "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", and the potential stamina is also "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". In the face of the unprecedented changes in the world in the past century, China’s agricultural and rural development is facing new opportunities.

　　The steady macroeconomic recovery has provided a good environment for China’s agricultural economic development. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund estimate that the growth rate of China in 2022 will exceed the world average and developed economies. Domestic consumption is also gradually recovering. If the epidemic can be completely ended in 2022, domestic consumption will be revived and the economic growth rate is expected to return to the pre-epidemic level.

　　The further deepening of international cooperation provides an opportunity for the development of international trade in agricultural products. The "Belt and Road Initiative" has brought great impetus to China’s agricultural international cooperation. In the first half of 2021, the trade volume of goods between China and countries along the Belt and Road reached 5.35 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.5%, which was higher than the overall growth rate of China’s foreign trade, accounting for 29.6% of the total foreign trade. Among them, agricultural trade accounts for about a quarter of the total trade. RCEP (Agreement on Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership), which came into effect on January 1st, 2022, will undoubtedly provide new opportunities for China to expand international cooperation in agricultural economy and trade.

　　With the promotion of rural revitalization strategy, the pattern of giving priority to agricultural and rural development has gradually taken shape. Infrastructure construction is speeding up again, and government investment and social capital will be invested more in agriculture and rural areas for land, water conservancy, seeds, digitalization, logistics facilities, especially cold chain construction.

　　Agricultural and rural development also faces several challenges.

　　Ensuring the quantity and quality of cultivated land is still a great challenge for China’s economic development at present. At present, the cultivated land in China is about 1.92 billion mu, which is 113 million mu less than the 2.03 billion mu cultivated land in the second national land survey 10 years ago. In addition, China’s urbanization continues, the ecological environment pressure has not been fundamentally alleviated, and the pressure on cultivated land protection is increasing. To ensure food security, while keeping the red line of cultivated land firmly and ensuring the area of cultivated land, more effective measures should be taken to resolutely stop the "non-agricultural" and prevent the "non-grain" of cultivated land.

　　The overall cost of agricultural products is increasing, but the price of agricultural products is weak or fluctuates greatly. Since the new century, China’s agriculture has gradually entered a high-cost stage. From the perspective of planting industry, the cost of agricultural input and labor input is increasing, which has seriously affected farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain. Land rents are also rising. According to the survey of major grain producing areas, the land rent in Northeast China ranges from 500 yuan/mu to 600 yuan/mu, while in central provinces it ranges from 400 yuan/mu to 600 yuan/mu, while in some eastern coastal provinces the average land rent reaches about 1000 yuan/mu, which further squeezes the profit space of transferring land management rights to grow grain.

　　The relationship between supply and demand of important agricultural products is in a tight balance. Soybean still needs to rely on imports to meet the demand. In 2021, soybean imports will account for nearly 60% of the total grain imports, but the rations are absolutely safe.

　　It is worth noting that there is still great uncertainty in the international environment, and the protectionist policies of developed countries are on the rise repeatedly, which poses certain challenges to China’s food security and sustainable agricultural development.

　　It should also be noted that China’s urbanization is still continuing, and the population is accelerating to gather in major developed areas. At present, the resident population in cities and towns has exceeded 900 million. The resident population in rural areas continues to decrease, and the aging trend is still intensifying, which will be an important problem that must be solved in rural revitalization in the future. In recent years, the income gap between urban and rural areas in China has been narrowing, but the per capita disposable income of rural residents still lags behind that of urban residents. In 2021, the income ratio between urban and rural residents was 2.50, which was lower than the previous year, but the absolute value of the income gap between urban and rural areas was still 28,481 yuan. The reality that the income gap in rural areas has not been significantly alleviated will also affect the realization of the goal of common prosperity.

　　The momentum of sustained and rapid development in 2022

　　Combined with the employment population and social fixed assets investment in agriculture, industry, agricultural products processing and service industries in the last 10 years from 2011 to 2020, a prediction model was established according to the latest input-output table of 135 departments in China, and the report results were simply averaged by setting different simulation schemes, so as to judge the development trend of agriculture and rural areas in China in 2022 as follows.

　　It is expected that the economy will continue to grow. In 2021, China actively responded to the impact of the epidemic, and GDP growth exceeded the pre-epidemic level, from recovery to high-quality growth. It is estimated that the contribution of primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry to GDP will reach 0.4%, 1.9% and 2.8% respectively when the economic growth rate exceeds 5.0% in 2022.

　　It is estimated that the growth rate of agricultural added value will be 5.67%, maintaining a rapid and stable growth rate. The proportion of agricultural added value has increased, which may reach about 8%. The added value of processing industries (grain grinding products, feed processed products, vegetable oil processed products, sugar materials and sugar products, meat processed products, aquatic products processed products, vegetables and fruits processed products, dairy products and tea) with main agricultural products as raw materials will continue to grow, with the growth rate reaching about 3.0%, accounting for about 1.6% of GDP.

　　It is estimated that the trade volume of agricultural products will reach US$ 350 billion, of which the export volume of agricultural products will reach US$ 80.7 billion and the trade deficit of agricultural products will reach US$ 188.6 billion, up nearly 40% year-on-year. Imports of edible oil seeds, edible vegetable oils and livestock products account for about 50% of domestic agricultural products imports.

　　It is estimated that per capita disposable income will exceed 40,000 yuan, including 20,300 yuan in rural per capita disposable income, which is estimated to increase by 8% year-on-year, 2 percentage points higher than that of urban residents. It is estimated that the per capita consumption expenditure of residents will be 24,000 yuan in 2022, an increase of 5.3% over 2021; The average consumption expenditure of rural residents is about 15,000 yuan, an increase of 6.8% over 2021 and 2.4 percentage points higher than that of urban residents.

　　On the whole, it is predicted that the development of agriculture and rural areas in China will be faster than other departments in 2022, the strategy of giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas will continue to advance steadily, and the gap between urban and rural areas will be further narrowed. However, while maintaining optimism, we should also have psychological preparation and coping strategies for two situations. First, the COVID-19 epidemic has not been eliminated, especially the global spread is still continuing; Second, the long-term slowdown in economic growth has become a subject that must be faced after the new normal of the economy.

　　Hold the bottom line and achieve the set goals

　　In the next few years, the development policy of China’s agriculture and rural areas will still be to maintain stability and strive for progress. In 2022, the bottom line that agricultural and rural work must keep is to stabilize grain, increase oil and protect cultivated land, and there will be no large-scale return to poverty. In order to actively respond to the challenges faced in the development process and achieve the established goals, the following layout can be made in a targeted manner.

　　First, strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland and continuously improve the level of improved agricultural varieties. It is necessary to fulfill the task of ensuring the supply of primary products proposed by the Central Economic Work Conference and ensure that Chinese’s rice bowl is firmly in its own hands at all times.

　　First, we must accelerate the pace of high-standard farmland construction and stick to the bottom line of grain production. In recent years, remarkable achievements have been made in the construction of high-standard farmland in China. It is estimated that 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built by 2022, so as to achieve a stable guarantee of grain production capacity of more than 1 trillion Jin. At the central level, the subsidy funds for farmland construction should gradually tilt to the main grain producing areas, and the grain production in various places should be taken as an important reference for the allocation of funds, so as to ensure stable and high yield in the main grain producing areas with high-standard farmland; In the process of implementation in various places, we can flexibly adopt a variety of subsidies and incentives to guide the investment of financial, social capital and new agricultural business entities, and at the same time establish and improve the participation mechanism of farmers to mobilize their enthusiasm for farmland construction and protection.

　　Second, we must constantly improve the level of improved agricultural varieties. By the beginning of 2021, China has 520,000 germplasm resources, making it the second largest country in the world. At present, the planting area of self-bred varieties accounts for more than 95%, and the two major grain crops, rice and wheat, are completely self-sufficient, so that China has achieved China varieties for grain, and the safety of agricultural varieties in China is generally guaranteed. On the one hand, we should continue to promote the cooperation among scientific research institutions, seed enterprises and agricultural management entities, and accelerate the cultivation and marketing of improved varieties. On the other hand, we should continue to increase support for seed production counties and regional seed breeding bases, support local governments to create modern agricultural industrial parks focusing on seed industry, improve the modernization level of the industrial chain of the base, and increase seed production capacity.

　　The third is to guide the increase of soybean and oil crops. It is necessary to guide and encourage farmers to increase production of soybeans and oil crops in light of the current domestic demand for agricultural products. In the main producing areas of soybean and oil crops, subsidies are given to agricultural production links and credit insurance and other services are provided in combination with local financial conditions.

　　Second, develop and expand the new rural collective economy to increase farmers’ income. As an important support for rural modernization and common prosperity, the new rural collective economy helps to attract young and middle-aged laborers to return, improve the property income of rural residents, and then narrow the income gap and promote the development of rural industries.

　　First, we should base ourselves on our own advantages and revitalize idle resources. Villages in all regions should make full use of local superior resources, adopt independent management, leasing, shareholding, etc., take advantage of location, and develop cultural services, management services, logistics economy and other services to revitalize idle construction land, homesteads, farmhouses and old office buildings. At the same time, take agricultural industrialization as the core and promote the development of characteristic industries. Promote the integration of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, let farmers participate more in the development of industrial chains, and leave more value-added benefits to farmers. The second is to let grassroots party organizations be "leading geese". To fulfill the requirements of the main tasks of the Party’s rural work in the new era, we should give full play to the role of grass-roots party branches. Mobilize the masses, develop rural industries, and effectively link the interests of village collectives and farmers by leading and running cooperatives.

　　Third, continue to expand the main body of new agricultural management and promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development. In 2021, the number of family farms and farmers’ cooperatives reached 3.9 million and 2.2 million respectively. In the future, we should continue to support the cultivation of new agricultural business entities such as family farms and farmers’ professional cooperatives, improve the financial and monetary policy system, provide financial and tax support, technical guidance and risk control for the development and growth of new agricultural business entities, and make them play an exemplary role in stabilizing production and ensuring supply. Through policy incentives, a number of productive service organizations covering the agricultural industrial chain, with high degree of specialization and standardized behavior will be formed to promote the standardized cultivation of agricultural products in China and achieve the development goals of reducing agricultural costs, increasing production and improving quality.

　　We should speed up the construction of a productive socialized service system for small farmers. At present, there are 955,000 socialized agricultural production service organizations in China, covering an area of 1.67 billion mu, driving more than 78 million small farmers. Agricultural productive socialization service is an important way to realize the scale of modern agricultural technology and equipment operation under the background of a large number of small farmers, which is suitable for the subjective and objective requirements of small farmers’ integration into modern agricultural development at present, and more effective policy measures should be taken to promote their healthy development.

　　Fourth, speed up the optimization of trade structure to ensure the supply of major agricultural products with double circulation. We should make full use of domestic and international markets and resources, actively promote the coordinated development of domestic demand and external demand, import and export, and effectively use the international market to meet domestic food demand. In the past 10 years, China’s grain imports have generally shown an upward trend, and the grain imports have more than doubled. China’s rising grain output has not reduced its dependence on grain imports.

　　During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to actively promote the diversification of China’s grain import sources and expand import channels. First, we must strengthen in-depth cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road Initiative; Second, we should actively broaden the overseas agricultural industrial chain, increase cooperation with relevant overseas grain enterprises, provide agricultural production services for local growers, especially investment in warehousing and logistics, and realize the control of the whole industrial chain. Especially with the entry into force of RCEP, the threshold of cross-border agricultural investment cooperation has been significantly reduced, and it is necessary to actively carry out regional agricultural industrial chain value chain cooperation.

　　However, we need to be alert that the epidemic situation in COVID-19 continues on a global scale, and we should effectively deal with its possible negative impact on grain trade, especially to avoid the excessive dependence of major imported agricultural products on a single country and prevent the grain supply chain from breaking.

　　Fifth, promote agricultural insurance and improve the market regulation and reserve system. In recent years, the market of agricultural products has fluctuated greatly, which has affected the healthy development of agricultural industry. It is necessary to vigorously promote agricultural insurance, establish a complete risk dispersion system, improve the market regulation and reserve system, and enhance the anti-risk ability of producers and operators of important agricultural products. First, we should improve the agricultural reinsurance system to effectively balance the regional risk differences. Use agricultural reinsurance business to eliminate the fluctuation of direct insurance business, and steadily promote subsidies for high-risk business of direct insurance business, so that insurance companies can focus on service capacity building and continuously improve the level of agricultural insurance protection. The second is to promote agricultural catastrophe insurance. On the one hand, it is necessary to expand the pilot scope of agricultural catastrophe insurance and cover major crops and important agricultural production activities as much as possible. On the other hand, it is necessary to establish a multi-channel agricultural insurance catastrophe risk fund, combine reinsurance to innovate financial instruments, and use diversified risk diversification tools to securitize agricultural catastrophe risks.

　　Promote the reform and improvement of the grain reserve system. In addition to natural risks, agricultural producers and operators have to deal with market risks. In recent years, the price fluctuation of major grain crops has intensified, and it is necessary to further strengthen the macro-control ability of the market. First, we should promote the reform and improvement of China’s grain reserve system in a timely manner and establish a special grain reserve for market regulation in line with the central grain reserve. Second, it is necessary to reform the existing grain purchasing and storage mechanism, and change the temporary "skimming surplus" purchasing and storage to the domestic and foreign markets.

　　Sixth, improve the logistics conditions in rural areas and promote the circulation of agricultural products and the consumption of rural residents. In order to promote the circulation of agricultural products and boost the consumption of rural residents, it is imperative to further improve the logistics conditions in rural areas in addition to ensuring the continuous growth of rural residents’ income. Logistics conditions belong to "hardware facilities", so it is necessary to speed up the improvement of the three-level logistics system in counties and villages and smooth the two-way circulation between urban and rural areas. By means of "express delivery into the village", farmers can efficiently connect with the market, which not only allows the means of production and consumer goods to enter, but also allows agricultural products to come out and realize the smooth flow of things.

　　Seventh, continue to consolidate the achievements of tackling poverty and prevent large-scale return to poverty. Promote the promotion of characteristic industries in poverty-stricken areas, and continue to tilt financial funds to poverty-stricken areas to support the development of local industries; Use microfinance, agricultural insurance and other means to support poverty-stricken households to develop industries; Promote the stable employment and income increase of the people out of poverty, increase on-the-job training, and actively carry out labor cooperation.

Linyi Roewe RX5 price reduction news! The discount is 28,000, and the car is sufficient.

[car home Linyi Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, preferential activities in Linyi area are in full swing. Consumers can enjoy a car purchase discount of up to 28,000 yuan, making the minimum starting price of this model only 74,900 yuan. For friends who are interested in buying Roewe RX5, this is undoubtedly an excellent time to buy a car. If you want to know more about the Roewe RX5 and get a higher discount range, please click "Check the car price" in the quotation form.

临沂荣威RX5降价消息！优惠2.8万，现车充足

Roewe RX5 adopts a modern and fashionable design style, and its front face shows a strong visual impact through a large air intake grille and a sharp LED headlight group. The body lines are smooth, and with the full body contour, a dynamic and steady visual effect is created. On the whole, the design of Roewe RX5 not only meets the aesthetic needs of young consumers, but also keeps the high-end image of the brand.

临沂荣威RX5降价消息！优惠2.8万，现车充足

Roewe RX5 has a body size of 4655mm*1890mm*1664mm and a wheelbase of 2765mm, providing spacious interior space. The side lines of the car are smooth, with a front wheel track of 1590mm and a rear wheel track of 1584mm, ensuring stable handling and driving stability. Equipped with 18-inch wheels, tyre size is 215/60 R18, showing a dynamic and fashionable appearance style.

临沂荣威RX5降价消息！优惠2.8万，现车充足

Roewe RX5′ s interior design style is simple and full of scientific sense. The center console adopts a symmetrical layout with a 12.3-inch high-definition central control screen, which brings excellent visual effects and intelligent experience. The steering wheel is made of leather, which feels comfortable, supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth, and can meet the needs of different drivers. The seat is made of imitation leather. The main driver’s seat provides the functions of fore-and-aft adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment. The co-pilot seat also supports fore-and-aft adjustment and backrest adjustment. In addition, the rear seats can be put down in proportion, which increases the flexibility of the interior space. The car is also equipped with multiple USB/Type-C interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to charge electronic equipment.

临沂荣威RX5降价消息！优惠2.8万，现车充足

Roewe RX5 is equipped with a 1.5t L4 engine with 188 horsepower, with a maximum power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300 N m.. With the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, the power output is smooth and the response is quick, which provides abundant power support for the vehicle.

Car home car owners are full of praise for the appearance of Roewe RX5: "The appearance of the vehicle was attracted at the first sight, tall and big, especially the front face looked luxurious." This excellent design undoubtedly makes Roewe RX5 stand out among many competing products and become the heart of many consumers.

Cadillac XT5 is ready for entry! 265,900 for sale, full of new gadgets.

On September 28th, before the National Day holiday, Cadillac officially announced the launch of the new generation XT5. Although its guide price of 399,900-459,900 seems a bit high, Cadillac also announced the launch of a limited-time preferential price at the press conference. Now the actual price range of the new generation XT5 is 26.59-335,900, which is full at once.

You know, compared with its BBA rivals, XT5′ s new car advantage is obvious, and Cadillac attaches great importance to XT5 this time, and all kinds of configurations can be said to be full. At this stage, when you want to buy a luxury brand medium-sized SUV with a budget of 260,000 yuan, the new generation XT5 is probably the most cost-effective choice at this stage.

So how to choose several versions of this replacement car with full configuration? How about the direct entry version?

In fact, although many domestic cars of 200,000-250,000 grades have achieved entry-level high allocation, that is, all versions are standard in key configuration, even if you buy the lowest allocation, the experience will not be much worse. However, in the field of joint venture vehicles, this approach of getting started and matching is relatively rare. But obviously, the new XT5 is completely in line with domestic cars in this respect.

This is a standard car with most key configurations, with a body size of 4888*1957*1694mm and a wheelbase of 2863 mm. The engines are all 237 2.0T machines with LXH model (burning No.95 oil), with cylinder closing technology, 48V light mixing and 9AT gearbox. The suspension is also a rear five-bar suspension.

At the same time, it comes standard with timely four-wheel drive, which most of its competitors can’t do at this price. Similarly, L2 system, Cadillac’s specialty headlights, double-layer sound insulation glass+rear privacy glass, and the 33-inch 9K resolution curved surface screen with amazing size and resolution are all standard. Of course, the seat comfort emphasized by the new car at the press conference is naturally standard in the whole system without castration. It can be said that most of the products mentioned at the press conference are standard in this car.

This hands-on style is enough for XT5 to distance itself from other luxury brand rivals at the same level. It also makes the choice of three configurations of this car less difficult.

Considering that this car is equipped at the beginning of the whole system, most of the configuration differences of its three versions are actually focused on something that enhances the driving experience. There are three configurations in the new car, among which there is not much difference between the top configuration and the middle configuration, and the price difference between the middle configuration of 295,900 and the top configuration of 335,900 is quite large, so we suggest that you choose between the low configuration and the middle configuration.

The low allocation is 265,900, the middle allocation is 295,900, and the difference is 30,000. What can I get for this 30,000 yuan? Let’s give you a list below: the exterior rearview mirror has more reversing, more steering wheel heating, more streaming media interior rearview mirror, more independent lumbar support adjustment for the main and passenger seats, more ventilation function for the front seats, and more heating function for the second row seats. In addition, the biggest difference is the sound system. The low one is a 7-speaker sound with unknown brand, and the middle one is a 15-speaker AKG sound.

To be honest, compared with the price difference of 30 thousand, these configurations are actually not so valuable. Therefore, our suggestion for buying a car is that, considering that the basic configuration of the new XT5 is high enough, we can directly buy the 2.0T luxury model of 265,900 yuan, that is, the low allocation is enough.

Obviously, XT5′ s competitors have always been the three explosive cars of BBA. XT5 and their competitive advantages have always focused on price and configuration, and this generation of models is no exception, but compared with the competition pattern eight years ago, the new XT5′ s basic configuration is now more complete, and its competitive advantage is greater than BBA’s three competitors.

Even compared with luxury brands such as Volvo, the new XT5 has no small advantage in configuration. It can be said that in the field of medium-sized luxury SUV, the current competitiveness of the new generation XT5 is very strong, and it is very promising to become the benchmark car in the market segment.

However, as for the comparison with domestic brands at the same price, the configuration is actually similar, but most domestic cars at this price are already new energy sources. As a fuel vehicle, XT5 does have some pressure on these domestic new energy vehicles with larger size, longer wheelbase and more space. However, as a luxury brand, Cadillac’s brand tonality still exists.

Therefore, the XT5 will naturally become a new explosion model in the field of medium-sized luxury SUVs. There is no doubt that it will also become Cadillac’s new sales fulcrum in the field of fuel SUVs. We are extremely optimistic about the market prospect of this car.

Advantages and disadvantages of Volkswagen magotan

Analysis of advantages and disadvantages.

As a classic German medium-sized car, Volkswagen has attracted much attention from consumers. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

The advantages of Volkswagen Magotan include spacious interior, space, excellent power performance, excellent handling performance and high safety configuration. However, it also has some shortcomings, such as hard suspension system, poor ride comfort, poor fuel consumption and high maintenance cost.

Spacious interior space is one of the biggest advantages of Magotan, which can meet consumers’ demand for interior space. Magotan has excellent power performance, rapid acceleration and confidence in driving.

In addition, Magotan’s handling performance is also excellent, which can bring a more accurate and stable driving experience.

At the same time, Magotan also has a high safety configuration, including a variety, which can protect the safety of drivers and passengers to the greatest extent. However, Magotan’s suspension system is hard, which leads to general ride comfort and obvious vibration and bumps on the road surface.

In addition, Magotan’s fuel consumption performance is not ideal, and more fuel is needed to meet driving needs.

Finally, the maintenance cost of Magotan is high, and consumers need to invest more money to keep the vehicle in good condition.

Generally speaking, Volkswagen Magotan is a very good medium-sized car choice. If you are looking for a car with excellent performance and reliable quality, consider Volkswagen Magotan.

17 online movies have broken the box office by 10 million, and viewers can still watch them.

Special feature of 1905 film network The broadcast volume is 169 million, and the box office is 41.95 million!

At the time when the May 1 ST file of the cinema was in full swing, thriller and suspense online movies also made great strides online, setting a new record for the first month box office of a single platform and becoming the "first explosion" in the online movie market in 2021.

Coincidentally, another online movie "Bloody Unknown Chuan" in the same period also attracted attention from both inside and outside the industry. This military war film with the background of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea set a new record for many lists in the iQiyi station within 24 hours, and now the box office has exceeded 23.06 million.

At the same time,In the first quarter of 2021, the online movie transcripts were also freshly released, with 15 movies with box office exceeding 10 million, although slightly lower than 20 in 2020, but much higher than 6 in 2019.. With the arrival of the "May 1st File" and the admission of head films such as "The List of Gods: The Final Battle of Wanxian Array", it is expected that millions of box office camps will add new troops.

What are the new trends of online movie market in 2021 in the post-epidemic era? What explosion methodology can be found from the head films such as The Legend of the Hunter in Xing ‘an Mountains and The Unknown River in Blood?

01　The slotting effect is prominent

Looking back on this year’s Spring Festival file, the first "online movie Spring Festival file" has quietly taken shape while the cinema film has won a record of 7.84 billion yuan.

This concept was formally put forward for the first time by the Network Audiovisual Program Management Department of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and the Network Working Committee of the China Film Association in conjunction with iQiyi, Tencent and Youku, and released 43 film lists including directors, leading actors, self-directed and self-performed, and past cinema works.

In the end, the total box office of the Spring Festival online movies on the three platforms reached 48.736 million, and the effective broadcast volume reached 440 million times, an increase of 33.3% compared with 2020."Let me have fun" and "Fight Back", which ranked the top two in the box office in the first quarter, are also Spring Festival movies. The effect of the first online movie Spring Festival is remarkable.

After the Spring Festival, the "Qingming File" where The Legend of the Hunter in Xing ‘an Mountains and The Bloody Unknown River are located is also eye-catching.The concept of schedule suitable for the distribution of traditional cinema films is constantly infiltrating into the online movie market.

The Rabbit Cave Cultural Team, the main producer of The Legend of Xing ‘an Mountain Hunters, told reporters that this schedule was chosen mainly for the consideration of film tonality, and "thrillers conform to the atmosphere of Qingming archives", which also effectively filled the gap in thrillers of cinema films in this schedule, coupled with the blessing of small holidays, and created a number of box office records.

Zhang Yucheng, co-founder and vice president of content of Yingmei Media, the producer of "Bloody Unknown Chuan", analyzed.Behind the prominent effect of online movie schedule is the overall upgrade of online movie quality and quantity reduction. Only by constantly improving the production level and touching the emotional resonance can the audience’s expectations for the movie schedule be effectively met..

Not only the Spring Festival files and Qingming files, but also the May 1st files, summer files and National Day files of online movies are coming to the fore. On the one hand, it shows the "ambition" that online movies hope to be on an equal footing with cinemas. On the other hand, the platform and head production companies will also produce more high-quality films that meet the schedule attributes, and together they will make the "plate" bigger and fully release the popular schedule bonus.

02　Multiple themes attract incremental users

The diversification of content and theme has always been one of the major trends in the development of online movies, which is also confirmed by the box office transcripts in the first four months of 2021.

Although the films with box office exceeding 10 million still focus on the traditional box-office types such as action, comedy, fantasy and adventure, it is not difficult to find that the types of action and comedy are more and more popular, while the popularity of the "three illusions" that once exploded frequently has declined.

"Northeast Comedy" and "Let me have fun" topped the Q1 box office list.

At present, the Legend of Xing ‘anling Hunter, which is temporarily ranked at the top of the annual box office list, focuses on thriller+suspense. This composite type is not uncommon in online movies, but it has not been seen for a long time after the 2018 "Soul Ferry Yellow".

The Rabbit Cave Cultural Team explained:"The thriller genre has always been a relatively vertical product. Due to the long absence of the cinema, the audience has a strong need for this type."

Taking the benchmark series of domestic cinema thrillers as an example, the two parts attracted 11.62 million and 6.22 million people respectively, but after 2017, there will be no more thriller explosions in the cinema. The appearance of Xing ‘anling meets the long-standing demand of this audience.

After determining the thriller type track to meet the needs of the vertical class, the Rabbit Cave cultural team further chose to take the folk mystery as the starting point. "Legends such as’ Big Horse Monkey’ and’ Old Woman Eating Fingers’ are the childhood shadows of a generation.Compared with the general thriller theme, it has a broader audience base and is easier to attract incremental people to enter the venue.. "

If Xing ‘anling is deeply rooted in the thriller type, then Blood Without a Name can be regarded as a "pioneer" of online movies in the military war type.

The theme of military war is not the dominant theme of online movies for a long time because of its relatively high cost and difficulty in shooting and making, so the overlap between mainstream users of online movies and the audience of this theme is not high.However, the development team of Yingmei Media is interested in this type of differentiation advantage.

The data shows that the average age of the users watching "Blood Without a Name" is 37.7 years old, breaking through the relatively young audience circle of traditional online movies."Through the difference in subject matter and word of mouth, it has attracted an increasing number of people. From the perspective of platform data, it does have a good role in pulling new ideas."Zhang Yucheng said.

In his view, the creation of military war themes is not only a breakthrough in the homogenization of online movie themes, but also in line with the current mood of the times. As one of the main theme themes, it is easy to reach and mobilize a wider audience.

Since 2019, commercial blockbusters with the main theme that have won numerous successes in cinemas have gradually penetrated into the online movie market.Among more than 10 million works this year, there are also many main melody elements such as "Counter-Strike" and "Absolute Loyal National Interests".

After experiencing an explosive leap forward, the growth of online movies has entered a stable period.How to break through the stock crowd and find a broader audience, on the one hand, we should overlap, upgrade and innovate the traditional types, on the other hand, we should obviously mobilize the incremental crowd to enter the market by developing new types.

Last year, the rabbit hole culture produced a super high score of Douban 8.0, which can be regarded as a successful test of children’s education theme. "Young people can try animation and even science fiction."

In the future, Yingmei Media will continue to exert its strength in the diversification of types. If it is expected to be launched in the summer, it will focus on love, fantasy and comedy elements.

"The homogenization of the online movie market is very serious, but this kind of’ involution’ is more reflected in the middle waist content, and it has become a trend for the head content to choose multiple topics.The platform has also seen the dividend of diversified types. When the content and production are of high quality, with accurate marketing strategies, it will have a better chance to impress the vertical audience of this theme type.. "Zhang Yucheng said.

03　"Quality" is on the road

At the first China Online Movie Week in 2019, under the joint initiative of the three platforms, the word "big" was removed from "online movie" and used as the unified title of movies distributed through the Internet, which also marked the fast lane for online movies to enter high-quality products.

In 2020, a sudden epidemic has created unprecedented opportunities for the development of online movies.In 2020, among the online movies in Shanghai, a total of 79 movies earned over 10 million yuan at the box office, an increase of 41 movies over the same period of last year, and the box office scale of 10 million movies was 1.39 billion, an increase of 125% over the same period of last year.With the rapid expansion of the market, high-quality products have become an inevitable trend.

A large number of traditional film and television companies, professional production talents and head actors entered the game, forming a combination pattern of "net students+tradition".

In the first quarter of 2021, the box office runner-up "Counter-Strike" is the director’s debut of famous film and television actors, with remarkable star effect.

At the same time, in 2020, the proportion of films with an investment cost of more than 6 million will reach 34%, and those with an investment cost of less than 3 million will be reduced by 11%. Online movies have bid farewell to the era of "low cost". However, in the interview, several senior producers also said that in the case that the box office has a ceiling as a whole, it is not appropriate to unilaterally pursue high cost and large-scale production, but should pay attention to the return on investment.

Compared with creating visual wonders with high investment and strong special effects, more and more head creators now pay more attention to story polishing and content upgrading.

The producer, literary planner, director, Guo Yong and other creative writers of "Blood Without a Name" have rich experience in military film and television creation. This enables the team to complete a relatively excellent work with controllable cycle and cost.

“We clearly know that we won’t spend too much energy on special effects, because if the story or setting is not good enough, we can’t really impress the audience by relying on the accumulation of special effects.. Especially in the process of short video promotion, big scenes and action scenes are the first things that the audience will see. When they watch the propaganda and then watch the feature film, they expect not only the big scenes of the war, but also the deeper characters, emotions and resonance. "Zhang Yucheng concluded.

The creative team of The Legend of the Hunter in Xing ‘an Mountains also expressed a similar view. On the basis of the gradual maturity of the online movie manufacturing, at this stage, we are striving for the ability of meticulous work and theme upgrading. We should jump out of the traditional thinking of "doing it well for 6 to 10 minutes" and improve the story itself. "Now everyone is competing for the consumption time of users. Only high-quality content can bring greater innovation to the platform, not just relying on 6 minutes and 10 minutes."

Looking back on 2020, although the head films such as daoist magic, Ghost Story: Human Love, Ghost Blowing the Lantern in Longling Cave produced a big explosion with a box office of over 50 million, none of the Douban scores reached the passing line.

On the other hand, this year, the scores of two douban books, Xing ‘anling and Wumingchuan, both exceeded 6, although there is still room for improvement.However, it has gained the attention and recognition of more and more mainstream movie audiences, and is also conducive to constantly breaking through the circle and attracting incremental users..

At the spring festival release conference of online movies at the beginning of the year, it was once again pointed out that the high-quality content of online movies is still lacking."Reducing quantity and improving quality" will be the future development direction..

In the first quarter, Aiteng Yousan Platform launched a total of 160 new films, a decrease of 56 compared with the same period of last year. It is estimated that the number of new films in the whole year will decrease by more than 160 compared with last year. Under the call of "reducing quantity and improving quality", the head effect becomes more and more prominent, and the competition between waist and tail films will become more intense, and the survival of the fittest will become an inevitable trend.

Zhang Yucheng believes that,At this stage, to create online movie explosions, there are four elements: story, visual effects, actors and marketing, which are indispensable.In order to continuously export head works, we should also avoid blindly following the trend, deepen our fields of expertise, and cooperate with the most professional teams and creators of a certain theme type to give play to our core competitiveness.

From the barbaric growth in 2014 to the standardized operation, and then to the unprecedented development opportunities brought by the epidemic, the online movie market will continue to move forward in the direction of quality content, diversification of themes and evolution of business models in the future. The acclaimed and blockbuster explosions such as The Legend of the Hunter in Xing ‘an Mountains and The Bloody River are just the beginning.

Pre-sale 1.15 million New Navigator on January 25, 2018

　　A few days ago, we learned from relevant channels that Lincoln’s large SUV, the new generation Navigator, will be officially launched in Beijing on January 25, 2018. Previously, Lincoln officials announced the pre-sale price of the car at the 2017 Guangzhou Auto Show at 1.15 million yuan.

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　　The new generation of Navigator made its world debut at the New York Auto Show in April this year. This generation of models adopts the latest family-style design language of Lincoln. The large chrome-plated front grille and the new headlight shape give the new car a strong sense of luxury. The exaggerated front surround also brings out the huge body size of the new car. The length, width and height of the new car are 5355mm, 2073mm, 1937mm, and the wheelbase is 3112mm. From the rear, the through taillights are highly recognizable.

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　　In terms of interior, the new car is made of a lot of leather and solid wood materials, the seat material is made of Scottish Bridge of Weir ? Deepsoft premium leather, and the steering wheel material is made of Austrian Wollsdorf premium leather, with memory and heating functions. The center console is equipped with a large display screen, and is equipped with SYNC ? 3 system, which supports Apple CarPlay and Android Auto functions. In terms of basic configuration, the new car will be equipped with LED headlights as standard, with automatic high beam function. LED width indicator lights, the latest family-style integrated LED taillights, electric telescopic foot pedals, and panoramic sunroof also appear on the Lincoln Navigator.

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　　In terms of high-tech safety configuration, BLIS ? blind spot monitoring system, LDW lane departure warning and LKA lane keeping assistance system, PCA anti-collision assistance system, with forward distance warning and collision warning, pedestrian monitoring, and active emergency braking function, and ACC intelligent adaptive cruise system with Stop & Go automatic following function will be standard in the whole system.

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　　In terms of power, the new Navigator’s powertrain will continue to use Ford’s 3.5L EcoBoost twin-turbo V6 engine, with a maximum power of 415 horsepower (305kW) and a peak torque of 570 Nm. In terms of drivetrain, the engine is matched with the latest 10-speed automatic transmission. The new generation of models still uses a non-bearing body with a four-wheel drive system. The front suspension adopts double fork arm independent suspension, and the rear suspension is multi-link independent suspension. The whole series comes standard with CCD continuous adjustable damping and vibration damping system to provide a better driving experience.

Liu Qingyun and Zhou Xingchi were originally the same kind of people, but the existence of Guo Aiming affected Liu Qingyun’s acting skills

Liu Qingyun is 58 years old.

He married Guo Aiming in 1998 and has been married for 24 years this year.

The wrinkles made him lose the gloom and ferocity of shooting shootout movies when he was young, but now, because of the years, he has more kindness.

What hasn’t changed is,

Liu Qingyun’s eyes were still clear and loose.

He is still habitually isolated from the outside world, like building a wall deep in his heart. The closer others are to him, the higher the fence.

Gloomy is his character and his acting temperament.

Some people feel that temperament limits Liu Qingyun.

In fact, this gloom made him.

Relying on this gloom, Liu Qingyun has played gangsters, gang bosses, masters, prodigals, criminals, mentally ill, poor people, and fools. He has played police officers, undercover agents, love addicts, negotiation experts, special forces, little people, big people…

In genre movies, he has acted in suspense, romance, comedy, crime, reasoning, song and dance, action, family, gunfight, and thriller.

Even if you encounter a god-killing god, Liang Jiahui who is killed by ghosts.

Liu Qingyun never fell behind.

He commented, "Liu Qingyun has always been a good actor.

We have worked together for many years. For a period of time, I even felt that only he could make movies, as if from the moment he was born, the things on his body existed for the sake of movies. "

But even Liu Qingyun, who was born for the movie, almost missed the movie when he was young. Back then, he was training in the TVB class. After applying for the exam, he was told that if he received the letter after a week, he would be admitted, and if he did not receive the letter, he would not be admitted.

After a week, Liu Qingyun did not receive the letter.

After another week, the letter still hasn’t arrived.

Liu Qingyun was not convinced, so he called TVB.

As a result, the phone said that the letter had been sent to you:

Today is the last day of registration, are you still coming?

Liu Qingyun didn’t wash his face, so he went to TVB to sign up with his bag. In this way, Liu Qingyun, who was unconvinced, entered the entertainment industry. He was the first batch of actors to enter the entertainment industry in Hong Kong.

However, Liu Qingyun did not enjoy the sweetness.

Not handsome, not handsome, in that TVB era, Liu Qingyun was buried as soon as he came up.

In those years, Liu Qingyun has been playing tricks, but in his career, he has forged his acting skills. In 1992, Wei Jiahui, the first producer of TVB, called him and asked him to go back to filming TV dramas.

This time, Liu Qingyun was on fire.

In 1992, Liu Qingyun’s "Big Time" became a hit.

Just like a burning torch, the next few years will belong to Liu Qingyun’s crazy burning and shining era.

In 1993, he starred in the horror film "July 14" and was nominated for Best Actor at the 13th Hong Kong Film Awards.

In 1994, Liu Qingyun co-starred with Yuan Yongyi and Liu Jialing in the film "New Love" directed by Ke’er Dongsheng, which won the Best Film at the 13th Hong Kong Film Awards.

As a result, Liu Qingyun has gradually gained a foothold in the Hong Kong film industry.

However, the light of the torch is limited after all, and Liu Qingyun soon encountered a problem. This problem is not his own problem.

It’s the entire Hong Kong film industry.

Hong Kong films have entered the tail of the golden age. Excellent directors either go north to the mainland or west to Hollywood. Hong Kong films continue to languish, and it seems that they are coming to an end and dying.

Until the "Galaxy Image" of "John To and Wei Jiahui" was killed, which gave a boost to the decline of Hong Kong movies.

To Qifeng and Wei Jiahui both like Liu Qingyun very much.

Liu Qingyun has almost become the royal actor of "Galaxy Image".

His acting skills are amazing.

Unlike Leung Ka Fai’s very explosive acting,

Liu Qingyun’s acting skills are composed of two words.

Liu Qingyun’s calmness was notoriously good-natured on the set.

Du Qifeng said that Liu Qingyun is the best actor after the second brother. Liu Qingyun is not only good at acting, but also popular. He is loyal to the movie and focuses on acting. He will also cooperate with the needs of other opponents and directors on the scene, and will not only care about himself.

This metric is beyond the reach of many people.

For example, Huang Qiusheng couldn’t do it.

Although Huang Qiusheng is very creative and good at acting,

Is a very explosive actor,

In some ways, he is better than Liu Qingyun, but Huang Qiusheng has a strong sense of self. He is more selfish in acting and rarely cares about the feelings of other actors or directors. Liu Qingyun does not.

Du Qifeng only needed to be responsible for the writing of the script. In the performance, almost the whole process was handed over to Liu Qingyun, and there was very little NG. Because, Liu Qingyun is real and not flashy.

Liu Qingyun is not the kind of actor who relies on twitching facial expressions or roaring body language to support his acting skills.

He’s actually very old-school,

Liu Qingyun’s eyes depended on his eyes.

This kind of look is different from the kind of eyes that pretend to be affectionate or deliberately trained. Liu Qingyun’s eyes suppress explosive power and never use too much force. To put it simply, Liu Qingyun’s forbearance-style performance has created a strong appeal in his heart.

To some extent, Liu Qingyun is the opposite of Zhou Xingchi.

Stephen Chow’s drama.

It is to tear apart emotions and uncover suffering.

Use language and body to mock it, tease it.

Liu Qingyun’s drama.

It is to hide emotions and swallow suffering.

Accept him verbally and physically, and resist him.

Liu Qingyun’s forbearance is straight to his heart, but it is unfathomable. To put it simply, you’d better not provoke this kind of person, otherwise he will go crazy. Crazy may do something out of the ordinary or kill.

This is exactly what Johnnie needs, the unyielding resistance of the little people.

How a person who has been ostracized, compressed, and ostracized in a big city has gone mad, and how he has to fight against this cannibalistic society and establishment.

It seems that "little people" can be seen everywhere, but few actors can really play little people well, because the difficulty is: balance.

Although life is more dramatic than movies, movies are ultimately a kind of performance, which is like a magnifying glass that magnifies people’s lives.

Actors express their emotions through a magnifying glass.

Unlike in life, a movie is only two hours long. How do you convince the audience that it only takes two hours to change their mood?

This requires an actor’s composure.

After a little bit, the force is too strong, and if the force is less, the role will be played mediocre and there will be no climax.

Liu Qingyun will not.

Because his early experiences had long smoothed him out, or rather, in that gloomy role, Liu Qingyun played himself.

He made his debut very early. As soon as he graduated in 1984, he participated in the TV work "Drawing Rainbows"; in 1985, he established a cold-faced image with the role of "Fit Guy" in the drama "Senior Brother Xinja", and has since risen to prominence.

Subsequently, a lot of costume dramas were performed.

But because Liu Qingyun has a darker complexion and looks like a mixed Asian, he has been criticized for his unconvincing appearance.

Even in 1987, a reporter criticized Liu Qingyun for playing Li Shimin in "The Grand Canal". The reporter said that Liu Qingyun’s appearance was abnormal and that he relied solely on his acting skills to make up for the defects in his appearance.

Due to his appearance and skin color, Liu Qingyun has been subject to personal attacks and questions for seven years, but each time he has only responded with a smile.

After 7 years, it is conceivable what Liu Qingyun has experienced.

He can play the kind of resistance and unyielding little people, rather, Liu Qingyun released his energy in the movie.

Especially when encountering an introverted role, Liu Qingyun’s forbearance and explosion were almost unparalleled.

So I said, Liu Qingyun and Zhou Xingchi are the same kind of people.

In those dark days, they were all extremely depressed and had extreme inferiority complex. They wanted to prove themselves madly. This gloomy temperament surrounded them for almost a lifetime, forming the unyielding and unwillingness in their eyes.

This is the commonality between Liu Qingyun and Zhou Xingchi.

Even like Zhou Xingchi, Liu Qingyun is serious about movies and characters, and even has an extremely stubborn and paranoid attitude.

In 2012, Liu Qingyun’s "Death Gold" was screened for less than 2 hours, but it took three years to film, and Liu Qingyun also spent three years brewing this role.

Liu Qingyun said that Johnnie gave the character a sense of absurdity, allowing him to deal with everything in one way.

In the end, this so-called wisdom or luck defeated the predictions of many financial experts, which is the absurdity of life.

"I think Du SIR likes this kind of absurdity very much, and this kind of absurdity gives rise to a sense of joy and destiny, and I will laugh when I watch this part. I played a lot of stupid roles when I was young, so Du SIR asked me to play again this time, and I am also very happy. This shows that he still remembers that I am a’bad boy expert ‘!"

This is Liu Qingyun’s original words. He only used "the absurdity derived from the sense of joy and destiny to summarize the whole character". If you are careful, this absurdity also appears in Zhou Xingchi’s movies.

But, as I said earlier

Zhou Xingchi’s nonsense is a complete tragedy, and Liu Qingyun will give people a power that is clearly destructive but upward.

Both men are searching for a place of light in the darkness.

Stephen Chow is inward-looking, he is more realistic and passionate, while Liu Qingyun is outward-looking, he is more idealistic and more prosaic.

They are all very contradictory, one is realistic and passionate, the other is ideal and plain, and one of the things that makes them so contradictory is that Liu Qingyun has found someone he loves and loves.

Liu Qingyun was luckier than Stephen Chow.

He has Guo Aiming.

Liu Qingyun and Guo Aiming are a pair of immortals.

This idol drama has been on the air for more than 20 years.

Indifferent to the world, gentle to you alone.

Xiao Lin Qingxia said that Liu Qingyun is a male god, which has been mentioned many times on the program. Tang Wei, who is indifferent to literature and art, turned into a fan girl at first sight, and her idol doesn’t like to talk much and doesn’t disturb her. There are also people who have been drugged, Ye Xuan, Yan Ni, Li Ruotong, Wen Bixia, Zhou Huimin…

However, when Liu Qingyun saw a beauty, it was like seeing wood.

In 2003, Xiao Lin Qingxia collaborated with Liu Qingyun to film "New Love". Except for filming, Liu Qingyun was alone. Xiao Lin Qingxia asked him, why don’t you even look at me.

Liu Qingyun’s answer was: I have a wife.

Liu Qingyun, who has always been restrained, would also write a love letter to his wife publicly: "When I miss you, I will read our previous chat again, and then unconsciously giggle."

He fell in love with Guo Aiming when he saw her.

When they first started dating, the two passed by a flower stall in Central. At that time, Guo Aiming saw the flower and said it was very beautiful. Then Liu Qingyun immediately went back and bought it.

To this day, both of them are still in love at the age of 50.

Guo Aiming likes to watch animations and do yoga. Liu Qingyun does yoga with his wife in the morning and watches cartoons that children love to watch.

Accompanied by more than 20 years, in a flash of a finger.

When in love, wearing a couple’s hat and a couple’s shirt is normal.

However, both of them are 58 and 54.

They still don’t see each other enough.

Liu Qingyun, wherever he went, he had to involve his wife’s hand.

Even eating a Western meal is the same.

And of course, the famous–

Mr. Liu, an enthusiastic citizen.

He was shopping for groceries to cook for his wife.

Of course, the most affectionate confession is,

The second time he won the Golden Statue Best Actor – he said:

"Every time I drive a spaceship and fly to an unknown place in the universe, you always have a way to make me return to Earth safely.", look at the lady in the audience.

Guo Aiming under the stage heard this, and his eyes were red and swollen

But then he smiled and pouted,

So cute.

After being married for so many years, she seemed to have never aged.

After all these years of marriage, the two still travel hand in hand.

Someone asked Liu Qingyun: "If I were 25 years old, would I still be an actor?"

He replied without hesitation: "If I started over at 25, I would not be an actor and do something else.

But I still want to go back and see Guo Aiming. "

Married for over 20 years.

The 58-year-old Liu Qingyun and the 54-year-old Guo Aiming also turned six immediately. The two of them already had wrinkles and their faces began to age.

However, they don’t seem to have changed.

He is still the husband who loves him like a child, and she is still the wife who adorns him and accompanies her in countless late nights.

People always say that Liu Qingyun is a favorite wife.

But in fact, in the marriage, it was Guo Aiming who had been working hard and giving silently and tolerating. Liu Qingyun once said that he was emotionally unstable, lonely and unsocial. In countless late nights, Guo Aiming accompanied him through one dark day after another.

From my family of origin to the low point of my acting career,

Liu Qingyun, this journey has not been smooth.

"My mood is very unstable," he said. "Only Guo Aiming can calm me down and make me feel at home. She has become a part of my body." He can no longer leave her.

This love extends to Liu Qingyun’s performance.

1999 was his performance breaking point. Previously, Liu Qingyun was very fierce, but later, Liu Qingyun became more in love.

His little people also have good and evil, but his eyes always reveal that surrounded by darkness, there are still twinkling stars.

What she sighed was that if Lord Xing met her Guo Aiming, would the outcome be different? No one knew.

Responsible editor:

Blue Electric E5PLUS official map officially released, Aurora green body leads the trend of green travel

Recently, the blue electric car has once again become the focus of the industry, and the official picture of its new masterpiece E5 PLUS has been officially exposed, which has aroused widespread attention in the market. With its stunning design and excellent spatial performance, this new car heralds a new revolution in family travel.

Once the official picture of the car was unveiled, it attracted countless eyeballs with its unique Aurora green body paint. The body lines are simple and powerful, showing a strong futuristic style. In terms of interior, the new car also lives up to expectations. The flexible layout of five seats and seven seats provides more possibilities for family travel.

In terms of space design, the Blue Electric E5 PLUS brings the concept of humanization to the extreme. There are two seat layouts with five seats and seven seats. The effective space in the car reaches 3162mm, and it has a high room rate of 66.4%, making it easier and more comfortable for the whole family to travel. The car is spacious and bright, and both drivers and passengers can enjoy a comfortable ride experience. The front seats are made of high-grade soufflé material, which provides good support and wrapping for long-distance driving.

In addition, the Blue Electric E5 PLUS also fully takes into account the actual needs of family travel. The second and third rows of seats of the seven-seat model can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, forming a large storage space with a maximum capacity of 1694L. The second row of legroom of the five-seat model reaches 885mm, and the second row of seats can be adjusted backward to 119 °. The higher per capita room area brings a more relaxed and comfortable ride experience. This design will undoubtedly greatly enhance the convenience and comfort of family travel.

With the stunning exposure of the official picture of the Blue Power E5 PLUS, consumers’ expectations for the car continue to rise. It is reported that the new car will officially start pre-sale at the end of September, and more detailed configurations and preferential policies will be announced at that time. The arrival of the Blue Power E5 PLUS will undoubtedly lead the new trend of family travel and bring consumers a better travel experience.