标签： 广州阡陌同城

A number of chemical industrial zones in Jiangsu were exposed to pollution, dug 30 meters underground and buried underground pipes to discharge pollutants.

　　The picture shows a pond photographed in the chemical park of Yanweigang Town, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province on March 30, 2018. The pond water and beach separated from the sea by a dike are "colorful". Reporter Li Xiangshe

　　Recently, chemical parks in Yancheng, Lianyungang and other places in Jiangsu Province have exposed environmental pollution problems one after another, which has aroused widespread concern in society. A reporter from the Economic Information Daily recently visited a number of Lingang Chemical Industry Zones in Jiangsu Province and found that although the ecological environment has improved, the surrounding ecological environment is still fragile due to too many ecological debts. The leading group of joint investigation in Jiangsu province and city found that some enterprises even dug 30 meters to secretly bury underground pipes to discharge pollutants, causing ecological and environmental problems such as water source and soil. Experts called for an iron fist for future governance, and it is urgent to jump out of the cycle of "remediation as soon as a problem occurs, and remediation after another problem".

　　Scene: disturbing smell

　　Recently, reporters from the Economic Information Daily have visited Binhai, Funing Aoyang, Xiangshui Chemical Industry Park in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province and Duigou Chemical Industry Park in guannan county City, Lianyungang City. They can smell the smell of chemicals several kilometers away, and the smell of apples and rotten eggs comes into their noses from time to time.

　　"Especially in rainy days and at night, the smell of chemical plants is so strong that sometimes doors and windows can be smelled when they are closed." Some people around Funing Aoyang Chemical Industry Park reflected. "Even if most chemical enterprises are shut down, the smell of overhaul is still unbearable, which shows that the whole process control level was not in place when the chemical enterprises were built." A staff member in charge of environmental protection of Funing High-tech Zone Management Committee said.

　　Besides air, the problem of water is also worrying. The reporter found that around the Lingang Industrial Zone in Guanyun County, Jiangsu Province, the pond water and beach separated from the sea by a dike are colorful; In Funing Aoyang Industrial Park, a sewage ditch in front of pesticide plant, the smell of chemicals is pungent and disgusting.

　　The reporter of Economic Information Daily went deep into Jiangsu Shengshi Chemical Co., Ltd. in Lingang Industrial Zone of Guanyun County, Jiangsu Province, and found that although the company had stopped production and there was no one in the factory, it still smelled pungent. The iron big warehouse in the factory area is rusty. The reporter saw through the crack that there are still bags of things in it. The soil near the iron warehouse is slightly green, and there are many sewage with unknown composition and black color in the pool behind the factory area.

　　The reporter then went to Sanbaigong Village, which is just across the river from the Lingang Industrial Zone in Guanyun County.

　　Jiang Shunyou, a 56-year-old villager, told the reporter that in the past, as long as it was windy, the smell of the surrounding chemical plants would float to the village, which was more pungent. At that time, as soon as they entered the city, others could smell their peculiar smell. Villager Zhuang Guimei reported that the air in the village was very poor in the past, especially at night, and he was afraid to open the window. Moreover, the wind direction is different, and the smell of chemicals blown is also different. However, "in recent years, many chemical plants around have been closed, and the smell is much smaller."

　　Jiang Yufeng and other villagers told reporters that from 2011 to 2016, chemical plants started to discharge more pollutants, and the smell was more serious. In foggy days and rainy days, some chemicals would land on farmland, crops would not grow, and grain output was relatively low. In the past two years, the air quality has improved a lot and the crops are growing well.

　　At the dock of Yanwei Port adjacent to the port industrial zone, the reporter saw that there were similar oily suspended substances flowing on the sea surface, and some construction waste and waste steel were scattered near the port, which was rather messy. Shan Lianye, a 54-year-old fisherman, told reporters that the pollution in the port was serious more than two years ago, and sometimes a blood-red pollution zone could be seen on the water surface. The fish and shrimp caught in those years also had an odor and dared not eat it. In the last two years, the surrounding chemical plants have been shut down a lot, and the environment has improved a little.

　　Investigation: thrilling stealing

　　In order to thoroughly investigate the environmental pollution problems of three chemical industrial parks in Guanhekou, Jiangsu established a provincial and municipal joint investigation leading group, which consists of a comprehensive coordination group and three special investigation teams, including environmental violations, planning and layout, elimination of backward production capacity, and performance supervision, to carry out special investigations. Since the end of April, all special investigation teams have been stationed in Guanyun, Guannan and Xiangshui chemical parks to formulate investigation plans.

　　With regard to the problem of gas odor, the environmental protection departments of cities and counties in Jiangsu Province jointly inspected 41 chemical enterprises in the "Liangguan" Chemical Park one by one, and promptly put on record and investigated the suspected environmental violations of 12 enterprises including Tengyu Chemical in Guanyun County and Vigris Chemical in guannan county. Lianyungang Environmental Protection Department deployed the city’s environmental law enforcement forces, and divided them into six groups to carry out a "carpet" environmental inspection of enterprises in Guanyun County and guannan county Chemical Industry Park. At present, 8 enterprises have been inspected, and 6 suspected environmental violations of 5 enterprises are being investigated and handled. After preliminary investigation, the following problems are mainly found:

　　First, the problem of stealing buried pipes still exists. For the problem of concealed pipes, the governments of Guanyun County and guannan county called more than 20 excavators and pipe jacking detection devices to investigate around the clock. After investigation, a concealed pipe was found 3 kilometers near the estuary of Yihe River in Guanyun County. After the reverse tracking of the pipe and the sampling analysis of water samples and nearby soil, Lianyungang Yongrun Chemical Co., Ltd. was locked up. At present, the public security department has taken control measures against three responsible persons of the enterprise, and the county government has also ordered the enterprise to close down.

　　"After we found the concealed pipe, we tracked it all the way to the sewage pool of Yongrun Chemical Co., Ltd., which is 3 kilometers away. The whole concealed pipe was U-shaped, with the deepest point of 30 meters and the caliber of 110 mm." A staff member of Lingang Branch of Guanyun County Environmental Supervision Bureau introduced.

　　Second, there are still multiple problems in drinking well water, farmland water and pond water. Xu Yong, an accountant in Sanbaigong Village, told the reporter that before the tap water was connected to the village in November 2017, the villagers relied on two deep wells for drinking water. The water quality analysis results of Lianyungang Environmental Monitoring Center Station on April 19th showed that the ammonia nitrogen index of one of the wells in the village was slightly higher than the standard. Zhuang Guimei, who runs a supermarket in the village, told reporters that although the well water in the village can be drunk, some villagers did not dare to drink it because they were worried about the pollution of the well water.

　　The reporter’s investigation also found that in the cement sewer of Sanbaigong Village, the sewage was mixed with garbage, with a black color and a foul smell, which needed to be rectified urgently. Some ditches in farmland are mostly stagnant water, which is not connected with each other. The water surface is yellow and black, and some pesticide packages and bottle caps are scattered along the ditches. Lianyungang environmental protection department also sampled and tested two farmland ditches in Sanbaigong Village, and the permanganate index was high. The permanganate index of the water sample in the north-south junction ditch between Sanbaigong Village and Yannan Farm is as high as 19.6, which far exceeds the environmental quality standard of Class V surface water.

　　Third, soil pollution in some areas is worrying. In a farmland in Sanbaigong Village, the reporter found that the surrounding crops are growing well, and only one inch of grass is barren in the middle, which is very strange. The local village cadres explained that crops could not grow because of the low-lying saline-alkali land, but the reporter found that the surrounding areas where crops grew were almost the same terrain, which was difficult to establish. At present, the local environmental protection department has sampled and analyzed the soil there.

　　Action: Strict law enforcement.

　　In view of the serious damage to the ecological environment in Binhai County, Dafeng District, Xiangshui County of Yancheng City, Guanyun County of Lianyungang City, guannan county City and Dainan Town of xinghua city, in late April, Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department successively implemented a six-month regional approval restriction for the above six areas. During the period, the examination and approval of environmental impact assessment documents of all construction projects except environmental protection infrastructure projects and people’s livelihood projects will be suspended.

　　Aiming at the areas along the Yangtze River where chemical enterprises are also highly concentrated, Jiangsu Province has launched a special campaign of joint enforcement of environmental protection in eight cities along the Yangtze River, which combines cross-checking with provincial supervision.

　　The one-month joint law enforcement campaign mainly targeted at stationary pollution sources in Nanjing, Wuxi, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Taizhou and counties (cities, districts) under its jurisdiction, focusing on key parks and enterprises in eight cities along the Yangtze River with strong public reaction, prominent media attention, serious pollution discharge and lagging progress in remediation. The inspection team is composed of the environmental protection departments and public security organs of eight cities along the Yangtze River who are responsible for selecting the business backbones in their respective jurisdictions.

　　Chen Zhipeng, member of the party group and deputy director of Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department, bluntly said that the areas along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu are densely populated and densely populated, and the resources and environment have been in a tight state. "About two-thirds of the province’s heavy chemical production capacity is concentrated along the banks of the Yangtze River, and the total wastewater discharge of the eight cities along the Yangtze River accounts for 74% of the province. Although law enforcement has been continuously strengthened in recent years and environmental crimes have been severely cracked down, illegal cases are still high. "

　　"Since last year, the province’s public security organs have investigated and dealt with 534 criminal cases of environmental pollution, including more than 400 cases in 8 cities along the Yangtze River, accounting for more than 70%, showing new characteristics such as more concealed crime methods, more complicated crime chains and more prominent cross-regional crimes." Shang Jianrong, deputy secretary and deputy director of the Party Committee of Jiangsu Provincial Public Security Department, said that this joint law enforcement special action will combine end-to-end attack with front-end governance, macro-judgment with case analysis, and crack down on pollution crimes in the whole chain and all links, so as to clear the source, break the chain and remove the roots.

　　According to the information released by Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department recently, all inspection teams have been put in place and a number of environmental pollution problems have been discovered one after another. Among them, the sixth inspection team composed of Nantong environmental monitoring and public security personnel found that a stainless steel production enterprise in Zhangjiagang City had a concealed pipe leading directly to the river, and the end of the concealed pipe was connected with the storage tank of blackening process washing wastewater (hazardous solid waste). At the same time, similar waste liquid was dumped in the farmland behind the factory. Subsequently, the local police intervened in advance, and after locking the evidence, they will quickly file a case for investigation according to the law.

　　During the on-site inspection of a hot dip galvanizing plant in Yangzhou, Nanjing Group found that the farmland soil on the west side of the plant was strongly acidic, which was consistent with the acidity of the waste liquid in the waste liquid barrel in the plant, and it was suspected of stealing waste liquid. The monitoring personnel further compared and analyzed the soil and waste liquid samples. The inspectors also found that the company’s acid mist tower was strongly acidic and did not add lye for absorption, which was suspected that the facility was not operating normally.

　　"The purpose of the special action is very clear, that is, to attack the environmental problems that have been strongly reflected by the masses and have not been solved for a long time, to break down regional protection, to prevent human law enforcement and pollution, to crack down on environmental violations, to safeguard the interests of the masses, and to protect the ecological security of the Yangtze River." Ding Nianlong, head of Nantong Group, said. (Reporter Lu Huadong and Qin Huajiang)

Shi Yunyu, an 80-year-old academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at the School of Life Sciences of the Chinese University of Science and Technology —— Pursuing the mystery of b

　　Shi Yunyu is in the office. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Character business card

　　Shi Yunyu: Academician of China Academy of Sciences, biophysicist and structural biologist, professor and doctoral supervisor of China University of Science and Technology. Born in Chongqing in April 1942, she was admitted to the Department of Biophysics of the Chinese University of Science and Technology in 1960. Since then, she has formed an indissoluble bond with life science. Over the years, Shi Yunyu has been sticking to the front line of scientific research, using structural biology methods to study the molecular mechanism of gene expression regulation and cell fate determination, and has made many innovative achievements, making contributions to China’s biological nuclear magnetic resonance research in the world.

　　Dressed in a cloth and with silver hair, Shi Yunyu clicked the mouse neatly in the office, and the three-dimensional structure of protein jumped into his eyes: "The world of biomacromolecules is full of unknowns. We have encountered many difficulties and challenges in the research process, but we must not give up lightly." Shi Yunxi said.

　　My father’s words and deeds, what he saw and heard on his way to school, let the seeds of scientific research serve the country take root.

　　Shi Yunyu has always had a scientific research dream! Whether she leaned against her father when she was young, listened to him describe the colorful physical world, or came into contact with the frontier of life science on the long way to school, the idea of serving the country through scientific research always lingered in her mind … …

　　Shi Yunyu was born in the era of war. The experience of being displaced as a child made her realize that personal destiny is always closely linked with the destiny of the country and the nation. Father Shih-Yuan Sze is a doctor of physics under the guidance of Madame Curie. After graduation, Shih-Yuan Sze, then 25, returned to China to teach and became one of the pioneers of nuclear physics research and higher education in China. In Shi Yunyu’s view, the spirit of serving the country through scientific research is vividly displayed in his father; His words and deeds also inspired Shi Yunyu’s enthusiasm for scientific research.

　　With a passion for natural science, Shi Yunyu was admitted to China University of Science and Technology in 1960. At that time, biophysics was a new discipline and the education system was not yet mature. "Academician Bei Shizhang, then head of the biophysics department of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, believed that the curriculum should be ‘ Four unlike ’ Let students lay a good foundation in mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. " Shi Yunyu said that it is the solid basic course study that lays a solid foundation for his future scientific research work.

　　In the classroom, the days when scholars such as Qian Xuesen, Hua Luogeng and Yan Jici gave lectures to everyone made her remember vividly … … Shi Yunyu said: "How fortunate to be able to feel the deep patriotic feelings of the older generation of scientists at close range!" In the auditorium, everyone gathered around a black-and-white TV set and rejoiced at the China athletes winning the world table tennis championship. She still can’t forget it: "When I was young, everyone’s enterprising state always inspired me and made me determined to contribute to the construction of the motherland with my own scientific research results."

　　After graduating from college, Shi Yunyu was first assigned to work in the former Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Health; In 1970, she returned to China University of Science and Technology to teach, and before long, she moved south from Beijing to Hefei, Anhui.

　　Shi Yunyu undertook the task of relocating instruments and equipment to the south. Together with her colleagues, she moved boxes full of equipment from the teaching building to the station in Beijing, and then moved them from the station to the teaching building … …

　　Engaged in computer molecular dynamics simulation of biological macromolecules earlier; Leading the establishment of the key laboratory of structural biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences

　　The southward migration of China University of Science and Technology has gone through hardships, with the loss of scientific research equipment and weak teaching strength … … "Fortunately, the school later took a series of new measures and gradually got on the right track." Shi Yunyu said that the school provided opportunities for young teachers to go abroad for further study, and she became the first young teacher in the Biology Department of the Chinese University of Science and Technology to pass the examination of the Ministry of Education. She went abroad twice for further study, engaged in computational biology research and biological nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy research, and learned the theoretical and experimental methods of studying the structure and function of biological macromolecules with molecular dynamics and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Shi Yunyu said: "The experience of studying abroad has broadened my scientific research horizons and urged me to work harder to acquire knowledge."

　　In the 1970s, Shi Yunyu and his colleagues were eager to keep up with the pace of international academic circles and carry out cutting-edge research on biomacromolecules in the University of Science and Technology of China, but they lacked funds and instruments. In order to promote the project quickly, Shi Yunyu and his colleagues went all over the library in Shanghai, searched for literature and materials, and racked their brains for two weeks before finishing the application for the National High-tech Research and Development Plan.

　　At that time, there were three subjects selected by the Biology Department of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, and the "New Technology Research of Molecular Design in protein" which Shi Yunyu was in charge of was one of them. Since then, she began to engage in computer molecular dynamics simulation of biological macromolecules and became one of the pioneers in this field in China. The project "Computer Simulation of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics" led by Shi Yunyu won the second prize of the Natural Science Award of China Academy of Sciences in 1996 and the third prize of the National Natural Science Award in 1999.

　　In the early 1990s, Shi Yunyu’s laboratory was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and bought the first 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, which can be used for the solution structure of biological macromolecules. However, when the experiment was really carried out, there were still many difficulties … … Her attitude is firm: "scientific research should be devoted, able to withstand loneliness and twists and turns." The research group led by Shi Yunyu analyzed the solution structures of a series of important protein, and revealed the protein interaction and its functional significance. She also led the establishment of the Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and later became an important part of Hefei National Research Center for Microscale Material Science.

　　Do popular science for primary and secondary school students, teach basic courses for undergraduates, and train more young scientific research talents.

　　Shouxian County, Anhui Province, No.1 Middle School. On the stage, Shi Yunyu held a microphone and explained his own experience and knowledge of life science. Under the stage, the students were absorbed and deeply attracted by the biomacromolecule world she described. From the stimulation of scientific interest to the choice of scientific research direction, from laying a solid foundation to the enthusiasm of serving the country, in an hour and a half, Shi Yunyu planted the seeds of science in the hearts of children … …

　　Although he is 80 years old, Shi Yunyu still walks into primary and secondary schools many times to give lectures on popular science to students. "Being exposed to scientific knowledge since childhood has aroused my curiosity and embarked on the road of scientific research; I also want to pass this enthusiasm on to the children. " Shi Yunyu hopes to open a window of science for children.

　　Shi Yunyu remembers: In 2019, at Huangtugang Town Central Primary School in Macheng, Hubei Province, she gave a popular science class on "Hemoglobin and Hemoglobin Diseases" to children in Dabie Mountains. Her classmates’ eyes are full of thirst for scientific knowledge, which deeply touched her, so she likes to go out of campus and go to the mountains … …

　　In the College of Life Sciences of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, in order to strengthen the basic education of undergraduates, Shi Yunyu insisted on giving general biology classes to freshmen for many years. Shi Yunyu said that for interdisciplinary subjects, basic courses are very important. "Teaching is the bounden duty of teachers, and I want to train more talents for science." As the first dean of the School of Life Sciences of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, together with her colleagues, she took the lead in establishing a complete teaching system of structural biology and computational biology in the Chinese University of Science and Technology, and specially invited experts from the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to teach students and trained a group of young academic leaders working in interdisciplinary fields such as computational biology and structural biology.

　　Today, with her silver hair, she still rushes to work in the laboratory every day. In school, when she meets Shi Yunyu, the students always call her "Grandma Shi" in a friendly way. At present, "Grandma Shi" has begun to study the structure of protein related to aging and degenerative diseases and the molecular and cellular mechanism of diseases. In addition, she is actively promoting the research of artificial intelligence and biomedicine. She believes that every new field has a lot of knowledge to learn, and the happiness of mountaineering is not only the moment when you reach the top of the mountain, but also in the process of continuous climbing.

　　■ Reporter’s Notes

　　Research never stops, only lifelong learning.

　　During the interview, Shi Yunyu was full of interest when he mentioned the frontier development in the field of life sciences … … At the age of 80, she is willing to study with young people while cultivating scientific research talents. In Shi Yunyu’s view, being able to explore the mysteries of the biomacromolecule world with students is both happy and fulfilling. Young people always learn new things faster, and they can experience the taste of being a student when they meet something she doesn’t quite understand.

　　Life science is closely related to population health, medicine and ecology, and the life world is full of many unsolved scientific problems. For Shi Yunyu, research never stops, only lifelong learning. It is countless scientists, like her, who keep their enthusiasm for learning and keep climbing up, which makes scientific research full of vitality … …

Helping the service industries such as catering and retail to accelerate the recovery, Tianjin 14 departments jointly issued these 40 measures →

　　The reporter was informed that in order to help the difficult industries in the service industry tide over the difficulties and resume development, on the basis of implementing the policies and measures that have been introduced, 14 departments including Tianjin Development and Reform Commission recently jointly issued "Several Measures on Promoting the Recovery and Development of Difficult Industries in the Service Industry" (hereinafter referred to as "Several Measures"), further exerting the synergistic effect of fiscal, taxation, finance, industry and employment policies, and promoting the accelerated recovery of the service industry.

　　There are 40 "Several Measures", includingInclusive relief support measures for service industry, relief support measures for catering industry, retail industry, tourism industry, highway, waterway, railway transportation industry and civil aviation industry, accurate implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures and safeguard measures.Eight aspects.

　　In terms of inclusive relief support measures for service industries,The "Several Measures" put forward 13 measures, such as extending the value-added tax deduction of service industry and pre-tax deduction of equipment and appliances, reducing the "six taxes and two fees", returning unemployment insurance, delaying the payment of social security in key industries, reducing the rent of state-owned houses, strengthening financial support, stopping the "three chaos" behavior and helping enterprises to repair their credit.

　　Key support of five major industries

　　In the catering industry,The "Several Measures" proposes to encourage qualified districts to carry out regular nucleic acid testing for employees of catering enterprises free of charge, and give subsidies to enterprises for epidemic prevention and disinfection expenses. Guide Internet platform enterprises such as take-out to further reduce the service fee standards of catering merchants; For catering enterprises in the administrative area where high-risk areas are located in the epidemic, preferential service fees for staged merchants will be given. Guide banking financial institutions to support catering enterprises seriously affected by the epidemic to overcome the impact of the epidemic by lowering the loan interest rate, providing new financing and increasing credit loans. Encourage government financing guarantee institutions to provide financing credit enhancement support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the catering industry that meet the requirements. Encourage insurance institutions to optimize products and services, use business interruption loss insurance to provide risk protection for catering enterprises, and actively do a good job in claims service. Subsidize catering enterprises to provide food assistance services for the elderly.

　　In the retail industry,The "Several Measures" proposes to actively strive for the development funds of the central financial service industry and promote "one upward trend (agricultural products upward trend)" and "three downward trends (supply chain sinking, logistics distribution sinking, and goods and services sinking)". Encourage banking financial institutions to increase credit support for enterprises that provide emergency supplies, focus on cultivation, and build convenient living circles, and appropriately reduce loan interest rates. Guide financial institutions, strengthen information sharing with the competent departments of retail industry, use relevant data, improve risk pricing ability, and issue more credit loans. Encourage qualified retail enterprises to issue corporate credit bonds and broaden diversified financing channels for retail enterprises.

　　In terms of tourism,The "Several Measures" propose to guide banking financial institutions to increase credit investment in key cultural and tourism market entities such as A-level tourist attractions, tourist resorts, rural tourism business units, star-rated hotels and travel agencies that meet the requirements and have good expected development prospects, and appropriately increase the loan amount. Encourage government agencies, enterprises and institutions to hand over the scheme formulation, organization and coordination of trade union activities and exhibition activities held in accordance with the regulations to travel agencies, clarify the detailed requirements of service content and service standards, strengthen the management of fund use, reasonably determine the proportion of advance payment, and pay funds to travel agencies in time in accordance with the contract.

　　In terms of road, waterway and railway transportation,The "Several Measures" propose that in 2022, railway transport enterprises will be suspended from paying VAT in advance for one year. In 2022, taxpayers’ income from providing public transport services will be exempted from value-added tax. Formulate and introduce the taxi subsidy scheme in Tianjin during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period to support taxis to speed up electrification. Encourage financial institutions to increase financing support for transportation enterprises with higher credit ratings and heavier tasks of epidemic prevention and emergency transportation according to the principle of marketization.

　　In the civil aviation industry,The "Several Measures" proposed that in 2022, air transport enterprises should be suspended from paying VAT in advance for one year. Co-ordinate municipal financial resources and support the expenses of nucleic acid testing for frontline personnel at the airport. Encourage banking financial institutions to increase credit support for hub airports. Encourage qualified airlines to issue corporate credit bonds and broaden diversified financing channels.

　　In addition, the "Several Measures" also detailed the precise implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures and safeguard measures. In the next step, relevant departments in Tianjin will introduce specific policy implementation measures, and all districts will timely track and judge the recovery of enterprises in related difficult industries and issue special supporting policies.

　　(Headquarters reporter Sun Qiang Bai Ziwei)

Disease is rare, care is rare-China has taken a key step to solve the problem of rare diseases

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 27th Title: Diseases are rare, and care is rare-China has taken a key step to solve the problem of rare diseases.

Xinhua News Agency reporters Chen Fang and Tian Xiaohang

It was a nightmare disaster. From the age of 1 to 16, Wang Yiou suffered six fractures.

The 37-year-old Yiou has beautiful and clear blue eyes. People familiar with the disease know that this is one of the typical symptoms of brittle bones patients known as "porcelain dolls": blue sclera.

Behind the seemingly beautiful but shocking names of "Puppet Man" and "Glass Man" are life killers-rare diseases. The last day of February every year is the International Day of Rare Diseases. In China, more than 20 million patients with rare diseases, including gulls, have attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.

Although diseases are rare, social care is rare. Following the price reduction of some anticancer drugs and medical insurance, "ensuring the use of drugs for 20 million patients with rare diseases" was put on the agenda. The establishment of China Rare Diseases Alliance and the preferential treatment of value-added tax for rare diseases drugs … China has made a key step to solve the problem of rare diseases.

How many patients do you have? Without ice bucket action, would you know about gradual freezing?

Hawking, a famous physicist who died of illness last year, struggled with gradual freezing for 55 years. A relay ice bucket challenge made more people know about this rare disease called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. At present, there are about 200,000 patients with gradual freezing in China.

Ding Jie, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the rare diseases branch of Beijing Medical Association, has been devoted to the research, diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases in recent years. Since 2013, its team has collected more than 400,000 inpatient medical records of rare diseases in more than 30 3A hospitals in Beijing in the past five years, and found that the incidence of patients with rare diseases is increasing year by year. Studies show that more than 80% of rare diseases are caused by genetic factors, and 50% occur at birth or in childhood. Once both spouses have the same defective gene, the next generation may suffer from rare diseases.

High misdiagnosis, high missed diagnosis and difficulty in medication are common "symptoms" of patients with rare diseases. The survival report of patients with multiple sclerosis published by the Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association shows that 47% of patients cannot be diagnosed immediately, and 38% of patients are misdiagnosed as other diseases. The most commonly misdiagnosed diseases are neuromyelitis optica and angiopathy.

There is no symptomatic medicine, the drug price is too high, and medical insurance is difficult to cover, which makes some patients with rare diseases "hope for medicine."

Zhang Shuyang, secretary-general of China Rare Diseases Alliance and vice president of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that less than 5% of rare diseases in the world have effective drug treatment. There is no medicine available, which is a big problem facing patients with rare diseases all over the world.

Ding Jie cited a survey of 2133 patients with more than 20 rare diseases, which showed that 78% of the patients could only be reimbursed less than 10% or paid at their own expense, and more than six of them gave up treatment because they could not afford the expenses.

"China has a large population base. Even if the incidence rate is not high, the number of cases of various diseases is not a small number." Zhan Qimin, academician of China Academy of Engineering and director of peking university health science center, said that 10 years ago, few people knew about rare diseases in China. Nowadays, with the joint efforts of the government, social organizations, doctors, medical research institutions and pharmaceutical companies, rare diseases are beginning to "stand in the spotlight" more and more.

How difficult is the treatment? 130 patients with Gaucher’s disease were treated in 10 years, with a total investment of 1.3 billion yuan.

The variety and complex clinical manifestations make it difficult to diagnose, which is another difficult problem in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. Even some patients with rare diseases took twenty or thirty years to be diagnosed.

As a rare disease, multiple sclerosis is a serious, lifelong, progressive and disabling central nervous system disease. More than 30,000 patients are suffering, but many people didn’t know that they were suffering from this "lifelong" disease at first.

The research and development cycle of a new drug for rare diseases is usually more than 10 years. As of 2016, there are 189 kinds of orphan drugs listed in China to treat rare diseases, which is far from meeting the treatment needs compared with as many as 6,000 to 8,000 kinds of rare diseases.

Gaucher’s disease, which is "as big as a drum" and causes damage to the central nervous system, costs millions of yuan a year for its treatment, which is undoubtedly astronomical for an ordinary family. "It is a miracle to help 134 patients with Gaucher’s disease receive treatment so that they can work and live normally, and some of them are married and have children." Wang Shufeng, executive vice president of china charity federation, said that since the launch of the Sizanzan aid project for Gaucher’s disease in china charity federation in 2009, more than 57,000 aid drugs worth more than 1.3 billion yuan have been distributed.

Experts pointed out that rare diseases involve hematology, orthopedics, nerves, kidneys, respiration, skin and severe diseases, and clinicians generally lack professional knowledge of rare diseases. In China, more than 30% of patients with rare diseases need 5 to 10 doctors for diagnosis, and the scientific diagnosis process, related clinical pathways and multidisciplinary consultation mechanism need to be improved.

"It is impossible to ask all doctors to treat rare diseases, but at least let them have this awareness." Ding Jie said that when encountering certain symptoms, as long as we can think of the possibility of rare diseases and recommend patients to medical institutions with diagnosis and treatment capabilities in time, it is an improvement.

How practical is the measure: bringing good news to more than 20 million patients with rare diseases.

The recent the State Council executive meeting pointed out that "strengthening the prevention and treatment of major diseases such as cancer and rare diseases is related to the well-being of hundreds of millions of people".

The head of the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Commission said that China will further promote the institutionalization and standardization of the management of rare diseases, study and explore new ways to promote the standardized diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases, improve the level of disease diagnosis and treatment and new drug research and development, and strive to provide timely and efficient medical services for patients with rare diseases.

"We should explore multidisciplinary cooperation, promote early diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases, and strive to reduce mortality." Zhang Shuyang revealed that China plans to initially complete the national rare disease registration system by 2020, carry out more than 500 kinds of rare diseases registration research with 50,000 cases, and promote data sharing research.

Accelerate the listing of "orphan drugs". At present, the application for registration of rare disease drugs has been given priority review and approval. People expect more innovative drugs to bring good news to patients.

It is preferred to select rare diseases with urgent clinical needs and clear treatment plans, which can greatly reduce the disability rate and mortality. Experts call for the establishment of a multi-party rescue model to solve the dilemma of diagnosis, treatment and medication for patients with rare diseases.

　

Is it shuffling or dying behind the closure of the first unmanned retail store in many places？

　　Unmanned retail, which was once popular with capital, kept coming out with news of closure. Some traditional stores have begun to use technology to enhance the consumer experience. The trend of the integration of new technology and retail is irreversible, but the digital transformation of retail should return to retail itself and pay attention to convenience and quality products.

　　At 11: 30 on December 27, 2019, a milk tea shop on the first floor of Zhonghai Plaza in Guanghua East, Chaoyang District, Beijing lined up, but an unmanned supermarket diagonally opposite was relatively deserted. At this time, it was originally the prime time for white-collar workers to eat and shop. In 20 minutes, only four people entered the supermarket to shop.

　　Unattended, "code" to go, big data to predict consumption habits, intelligent anti-theft identification system … … Many unmanned retailers blessed by new technologies debuted in 2017. Now, two years later, as the new favorite of the retail industry, the impression of unmanned retail to the outside world is still more at the technical level. Recently, news of the closure has been constantly coming out.

　　What is the current situation of this former tuyere industry, is it really unattended? Is it shuffling or dying behind the collapse? Where will the future go? The Workers’ Daily reporter investigated this.

　　The first unmanned retail store in many places closed down.

　　The unmanned supermarket located in Donghe Road, Xinqi, Ningbo, was the first unmanned supermarket in Beilun District. After seven months of operation, it closed at the end of November last year. Not only that, the first unmanned retail stores in Wuxi and Jinan also announced their closure.

　　The closure of the first unmanned retail store in many places has made the unmanned retail scenery with capital and technology in 2017 no longer.

　　In 2017, it was called "the first year of unmanned retail" by the industry. Unmanned shelves were placed on the streets of many cities overnight, and many unmanned supermarkets also opened their doors. However, the good times did not last long. In 2017, the first unmanned convenience store in Shanghai, Binguo Box, was closed. In February 2018, GOGO Xiaochao, an unmanned shelf project in Chengdu, was exposed and stopped. In April last year, Astor, an unmanned retail store in Xinhepu Road, Guangzhou, suddenly closed … … A large number of unmanned retailers have fallen.

　　According to media surveys, some unmanned supermarkets have even been directly changed into normal supermarkets, including many unmanned supermarkets under well-known e-commerce platforms.

　　No one is very fresh, convenience is more important.

　　With regard to the closure of unmanned retail stores, some insiders pointed out that consumers are more concerned about the comprehensive consumption experience than the automation of retail stores and the "sense of technology" in the shopping process. Compared with ordinary convenience stores, the current unmanned retail stores only have fewer clerks, and other aspects have not changed much. The core of unmanned retail should not be unmanned, but convenience and products.

　　On the evening of December 30, 2019, the reporter saw in an unmanned shelf outside a residential area in dingfuzhuang, Chaoyang District, Beijing that the yogurt sold on this shelf was more expensive than that of a nearby convenience store. "It’s hard to make people want to shop." A passerby said.

　　In addition, the technical problems of unmanned retail stores themselves sometimes bring consumers a bad consumption experience. The owner of the first unmanned retail store in Ningbo said that once the system delayed the update time, at 3 am, the machine didn’t respond, trapping consumers in the store.

　　In this regard, Xia Liu, an associate professor in the Marketing Department of Shandong University of Finance and Economics, said that unmanned retailing now has many problems and disadvantages. Although the labor cost is reduced, it will inevitably bring about an increase in operating costs. Moreover, in terms of loss of goods and technology, it has not been well solved.

　　In the eyes of some insiders, unmanned retail seems to have a certain cost advantage in terms of rent and labor, but from the actual situation, the overall operating cost is very high. The automatic identification equipment of goods in unmanned supermarkets and the operating system established by using artificial intelligence and big data require high investment in the early stage, and the maintenance cost in the later stage is not small.

　　The ebb tide of capital has dealt a fatal blow to unmanned retail. A venture capitalist said that investors gradually found that blind expansion of unmanned retail projects could not achieve a balance between scene fit, replenishment cost and user fit, and large-scale financing was difficult to sustain. Capital is gradually returning to rationality, and it is no longer foolish to invest money.

　　Many supermarkets and stores realize self-checkout

　　While the unmanned retail industry has closed down, some new unmanned retail stores are opening. New stores have opened in Hangzhou, Chuzhou and Lu ‘an.

　　In addition to completely unmanned retail stores, some traditional stores have also begun to use technology to enhance the consumer experience. Reporters visited stores such as CR Vanguard and Decathlon Sports Supermarket and found that self-checkout has gradually become the standard of these supermarkets. Cashiers in these supermarkets all said that they are happy to help consumers understand and try to use self-checkout

　　"If there is a long checkout line, self-checkout is still very convenient." A consumer shopping in a Decathlon sports supermarket in Chaoyang District, Beijing said. The reporter saw that consumers put the purchased goods into a shopping basket, and the product details and prices can be automatically displayed on the screen, and consumers can pay by scanning the code.

　　In this regard, some commentators pointed out that nowadays, the trend of new technology and retail integration is irreversible, and the life with more and more sense of science and technology is destined to accelerate. Unmanned supermarkets and unmanned shelves still have broad room for development.

　　According to the data of a consulting company, the market size of unmanned convenience stores in China reached 1.1 billion yuan in 2018 and is expected to reach 3.3 billion yuan in 2020.

　　Tang Jun, co-executive president of Shenzhen Internet of Things Intelligent Technology Application Association, wrote that unmanned convenience stores only blew the horn of digital transformation of traditional convenience stores. Only those who return retail to retail, return to the essence of retail and provide earth-shaking changes for retail efficiency and benefit can become the king of retail in the future.

How much is the Steam member？ The price of the steam member is introduced.

The price of Steam members is divided into 88 yuan’s monthly big members, free to play for 30 days, and give a game below 30 yuan; Annual membership of 399 yuan, free play for 365 days, giving away a game below 200 yuan, the most cost-effective and most recommended thing for everyone to buy is a life-long membership of 299 yuan, and the whole game is free and permanent!

Steam big member price introduction

Steam platform is a formal and affordable game platform. All the games in it are genuine, and there is a lifetime warranty policy for the game platform, so players can buy and play with confidence. Players can enjoy thousands of genuine games at a low price on the Steam game platform, and they can get a refund for no reason within 3 hours of buying the game. At the same time, newcomers can draw a game for free after registration, and there are activities waiting for you, such as buying one get ten special packages and sending super-value packages crazy.

At present, there are two modes of steam: big membership and individual game charging. For big membership mode, you can choose 88 yuan’s monthly big membership or 299 yuan lifetime big membership, and enjoy thousands of Steam stand-alone masterpieces.

Here is a tutorial on the use of the Steam platform:

Step one:The current version is updated, click to enter the new version of official website address:> > > Click here to quickly enter official website < < <

Step two:You can see the login option in the upper right corner. It is recommended to download the client and install it before using it.

Step 3:Enter the login page, log in with your mobile phone number or WeChat, and then enter the corresponding verification code to log in successfully.

Step 4:After logging in successfully, you can use the platform. You can see that there are many activities on the home page. Newcomers can choose a new meeting ceremony to receive a game for free.

Step five:After receiving the game for free, you can also go back to the home page, where you can see the special activities for newcomers to buy one get ten free and value-added big members, and you can give away ten games at random, and you can open a big member for only 299 yuan, so you can play thousands of masterpieces in the audience for life!

Step 6:Small partners who want to play a specific game can also directly search for the game they want to play in the search bar above! And if you don’t like the game within three hours after buying it, you can get a refund without responsibility! Can’t buy a loss, can’t buy a fall for it!

Step 7:After you get the game, you can click "My Games" in the left column to view the obtained games.

Step 8:Select the game you want to play and click Start Game. (If there is no client, you will be prompted to need a client. Click OK to download the client automatically.)

Tips：Due to the current policy changes, you need real-name authentication before you can use the platform to play.

Step 9:Wait for the game to be successfully installed, and you can start playing.

Qingdao Blue Electric E5 is on sale! Minimum price 99,800, limited quantity

[Autohome Qingdao Discount Promotion Channel] Special offers are coming! At present, the Qingdao area is attracting consumers’ attention with explosive promotions. This popular model is undergoing a real price reduction storm, with a maximum discount of up to 40,100 yuan, allowing car buyers to enjoy a high-quality electric vehicle experience at a lower price. The starting price has been reduced to 99,800 yuan. Such a discount is really rare. For friends who are interested in buying Blue Electric E5, this is undoubtedly a rare car purchase opportunity. If you want to take advantage of this offer, please be sure to click "Check Car Price" in the quotation form, let’s explore more possible savings and benefits together.

青岛蓝电E5特价出售！最低售价9.98万，数量有限

青岛蓝电E5特价出售！最低售价9.98万，数量有限

With its 4760mm body length, 1865mm body width and 1710mm body height, the Blue Electric E5 shows a balanced body proportions. The 2785mm wheelbase provides ample interior space and a comfortable ride. The front and rear wheelbases are 1585mm and 1580mm respectively, ensuring good stability and driving performance. This model is equipped with 225/55 R18-size tires, with a stylish wheel rim design, which not only guarantees the driving grip, but also enhances the overall appearance.

青岛蓝电E5特价出售！最低售价9.98万，数量有限

The interior design of the Blue Electric E5 is elegant and practical, creating a comfortable interior environment with clean lines and warm tones. Equipped with a 12.3-inch large-size LCD screen on the center console, it is clear and easy to operate. It integrates functions such as multimedia system, navigation, telephone, air conditioning and sunroof control, which enhances the convenience of the driver. The steering wheel is made of fine-textured leather material to provide a good grip. It can be manually adjusted up and down to suit the needs of different drivers. In terms of configuration, there is a multimedia/charging interface on the steering wheel, and a USB/Type-C interface in the front and rear rows, which is convenient for passengers to connect to the device. The seats are made of imitation leather, and the main seat supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, and high and low adjustment, providing excellent ride comfort for the driver and passengers. The secondary seat and the second row of seats also take into account the needs of passengers, providing front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment functions, while the second row of seats also supports proportional reclining, enhancing the flexibility of the space.

青岛蓝电E5特价出售！最低售价9.98万，数量有限

The Blue Electric E5 is equipped with a 1.5L displacement L4 engine with a maximum power of 81 kilowatts and a peak torque of 135 Nm. It is matched with an E-CVT continuously variable transmission, which provides a smooth driving experience and good fuel economy.

Autohome owners concluded that the exterior design of the Blue Electric E5 is undoubtedly its highlight, atmospheric and full of characteristics, especially the star-studded middle net, which seems to exude a strong sense of power. The combination of LED headlights and through-type light strips not only enhances the visual tension of the vehicle, but also gives it a good luxury temperament. The owner’s evaluation of the waist line of the body is calm and atmospheric, which undoubtedly satisfies the dual pursuit of fashion and practicality of young consumers. Overall, the internal and external design of the Blue Electric E5 undoubtedly makes it stand out among many competing products and becomes an ideal choice in the hearts of many car owners.

Ning Hao supervised the production of the new film ＂Tropical Past＂, starring Peng Yuyan

Once Upon a Time in the Tropics

1905 movie network news　Recently, Ning Hao’s "Bad Monkey 72 Change Film Project" once again plans to launch a new film. The new film, which will be produced by Ning Hao and directed by the contracted director Wen Shipei, will be called "Tropical Past Events". The new film officially starts today and will star Peng Yuyan.

The "Bad Monkey 72 Movie Project" has been dedicated to cultivating new directors, and this timeDirector of Once Upon a Time in the TropicsWen Shipei studied film at Columbia University, and "Once Upon a Time in the Tropics" will be his feature-length film debut.

The film will be set in Guangzhou in 1997. On an uncomfortably hot summer night, the city’s power outage hides a murder case in the dark, and the fates of the "villain", "widow" and "police officer" are forever changed, entangled for 20 years.

The film has now been filmed and will now be officially launched.

The movie ＂Flower Thousand Bones＂ exposes the ultimate trailer and invites audiences to stay for a long time on January 20

A few days ago, starring Chen Turin and Li Chengbin, Mao Zijun starred in particular, Lai Meiyun and Zhang Zining starred, Xu Muchan starred in special friendship, Chen Xiaodong, Zhang Li and Zhang Danfeng starred in friendship, and Jiang Yiming, Wang Xichao, Yang Yi, Xie Chengze, Xie Zichen, Zhang Tianqi and other co-stars of the Oriental fantasy film "Hua Qiangu" released the ultimate trailer, which focuses on the inseparable love between Hua Qiangu and Baizi paintings. They made difficult choices in the arrangement of fate, and finally obtained priceless growth and the gift of true love. The film is based on Oriental fantasy colors, presenting the rich theme of growth, transformation and relief. After nine years of companionship, the audience is invited to join the long-stay appointment. The movie "Hua Qiangu" will be released nationwide on January 20 and premiered on January 19.

One thought persists in interpreting the love of the world, whether it is an immortal or a demon is up to you



In the final preview released today (January 17), Hua Qiangu ushered in the inescapable tempering of life, while Bai Zihua kept choosing between the people of the Six Realms and the pure love, unable to give up the people, and unable to watch Hua Qiangu suffer the death penalty of the Six Realms. In the end, both of them were scarred in the struggle against fate. From the moment Bai Zihua saved Hua Qiangu, he knew that Hua Qiangu was pure and kind in nature, and the two had long been in love with each other in the day and night, but they still had to stand on the opposite side, and the sword of broken thoughts, which symbolized the friendship between master and disciple, finally broke… In the end, Hua Qiangu, who transformed into a demon god, shouted domineering, "What I want to do now, I can’t be preached by you." From "Heavenly Evil Lone Star" to "Demon God", when fate is in his hands, how will Hua Qiangu live for himself and for the common people?

In the growing process of constantly "upgrading and fighting monsters", Hua Qiangu has made friends and family from a simple girl who doesn’t care about the world, learned what love is, and found her true self. Hua Qiangu in the film is like a girl at the bottom of society. She has experienced a tragic fate that ordinary people cannot imagine, but she is always optimistic, tolerant, tenacious, and persistent. Although she stumbles all the way, she never gives up, and will eventually reap love and success. Hua Qiangu’s story has the shadow of the growth of all contemporary women, and it is expected that "Hua Qiangu Spirit" will become one of the benchmarks to lead young audiences.

The cause and effect of the world are transferred to the common people, and the sincerity of the work re-develops the vitality of the story


As a phenomenal hit IP, "Hua Qiangu" has been deeply loved by audiences from childhood to drama, and then to the TV version of "Hua Qiangu". The emotional entanglement between the two has been deeply concerned by IP fans, and they have also harvested a group of drama fans who love Hua Qiangu. The movie version of Hua Qiangu respects the original in terms of plot, hoping to use different ways to leave the drama version to the audience’s moving continuation. The movie "Hua Qiangu" uses new audio-visual language to create a unique and charming movie with exquisite scenery, fantastic visual effects and moving plot. It is a tribute to the TV series "Hua Qiangu" and brings the audience a new sense of story experience.

The whole movie "Hua Qiangu" was filmed in Guangxi, one of the important filming locations of the TV series, returning to the original place where the story began. Guangxi’s picturesque natural scenery has always been loved by tourists, driving the development of Guangxi’s cultural tourism industry. It is also one of the original intentions of the movie "Hua Qiangu". The film not only incorporates the beautiful and beautiful beauty of Guangxi such as Detian Waterfall, Mingshi Scenic Area, Heishui River, Shengquan Valley, Sandialing Waterfall, and Bazer Terraces, but also the magnificent culture of the Chinese nation rooted in Guangxi for thousands of years. It skillfully integrates world-class cultural heritage Huashan rock paintings and national intangible cultural heritage Nuo opera into the plot at multiple levels and perspectives, and uses "moisturizing things and silent" to spread the charm of Guangxi’s local culture and natural scenery, enhancing the influence and communication power of Chinese civilization.

The film "Flower Thousand Bones" is produced by Tang Lijun as producer, Li Jinwen as producer, Zhang Chaoli as director, Zhu Yuhan as screenwriter, Zhang Wenbao as director of photography, Guo Yong as action director, Li Zhou as director of modeling, Wang Jingjing as art director, A Kun as music director, Lin Aner as editing director, the film will be officially released on January 20, and the premiere will be held on January 19. Please look forward to the long-term appointment and see you at the end of nine years.

Drawing the ＂Belt and Road Initiative＂ aviation and trade map to ＂navigate＂ for promoting economic and trade cooperation

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, September 3 Title: Drawing the "Belt and Road Initiative" Air and Trade Map to "Navigate" for Promoting Economic and Trade Cooperation

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Jia Yuankun

　　The "Belt and Road Initiative" trade volume index, the "Belt and Road Initiative" freight volume index, and the "Maritime Silk Road" freight rate index, the three data streams are combined into a "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade map, which is the "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index officially released by the Shanghai Shipping Exchange on July 11, 2017.

　　Like the "chart" used by ocean-going freighters, the "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index has not only become a "barometer" that comprehensively and objectively reflects the economic and trade exchanges between countries and regions related to the "Belt and Road Initiative", but also enhances market transparency through information services, providing an important reference for promoting economic and trade cooperation.

　　Three data streams plot the "barometer" of air trade

　　The "Belt and Road Initiative" initiative brings new opportunities for trade and economic cooperation between relevant countries and regions. Where are the cooperation opportunities? How much flow of each product and where are the main markets? When information is not shared and demand is not communicated, the market is often in a wait-and-see state, and all parties need clear market information as a reference for decision-making.

　　In line with the original intention of providing information services for the market and enhancing market transparency, since 2015, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange has started to develop the "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index.

　　"A single freight index cannot fully reflect the trade trends of countries and regions under the Belt and Road Initiative, and it is difficult to meet market demand. On the basis of developing the traditional strong freight index, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange has also explored the two dimensions of trade volume and trade volume. The purpose is to improve market transparency, truly reflect market supply and demand, and promote the long-term and healthy development of the market." Zhang Yi, president of the Shanghai Shipping Exchange, said.

　　Due to the different types and values of goods, the relationship between trade volume and trade volume is not linear. For example, clothing, luggage and other trade volume is large, but the trade volume is relatively low, while the same volume of machinery and electronic products, the trade volume is much higher. The trade volume, trade volume data and the freight data of the corresponding route can comprehensively and objectively reflect the market active level and demand trend.

　　The "Belt and Road Initiative" shipping index information is comprehensive, covering 65 countries along the "Belt and Road Initiative", distributed in North Asia, Central Asia, South East Asia, West Asia, North Africa, Europe and Oceania and other regions. The index is not limited to containers, but also includes bulk materials such as coal, railway stones, and crude oil. The mode of transportation is not limited to sea freight, but also includes rail transportation.

　　To serve as a "barometer" of market trends, the authenticity and accuracy of information are essential. The "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index data is widely collected by making full use of the membership advantages of the Shanghai Shipping Exchange. At present, the members of the Shanghai Shipping Exchange include about 130 well-known domestic and foreign shipowners, cargo owners and brokers from various transportation segments, and have high international recognition.

　　"Weathervane" for going out, please come in "Service Station"

　　The research and development of the "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index is not only to serve shipping companies to open up routes and cargo owners to open up markets, but also to provide an information platform to enable enterprises in countries and regions along the route to communicate with each other, increase exchanges and promote trade.

　　Since its official release on July 11, 2017, it has been published by the Shanghai Shipping Exchange on the China "Belt and Road Initiative" website every month. The "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index consists of both monetary indicators, which reflect changes in trade volume and overall scale, quantitative indicators, which reflect the growth of specific trade flows, and price indicators, which reflect changes in market supply and demand and competition.

　　"As a third-party platform, the freight index published by the Shanghai Airlines Exchange is highly influential, fair and just, and has been widely recognized by cargo owners and agents," said the shipping companies interviewed.

　　"Chinese companies need to understand market information to explore overseas markets, and foreign companies need scientific services to enter the Chinese market," Zhang said. "Through the air trade index platform, companies can grasp the trade demand and trend of the market, the import volume and export volume of a certain product, and which regions mainly flow to China. This data information is an important basis for foreign companies to understand the supply and demand of the Chinese market."

　　The "Maritime Silk Road" comprehensive index covers the freight rates of major cargo types, major routes, and major ship types of shipping. Its application is not only reflected in investment decisions, but also in risk avoidance, such as spot index linking and freight forward transactions.

　　"The freight index is a bellwether that reflects the market level. At present, 45% of coal shipments along China’s coast are subject to index-related agreements to varying degrees, laying a good foundation for the promotion and application of the Belt and Road Initiative’s air trade index," said Liu Yue, manager of the information department of the Shanghai Shipping Exchange.

　　Launch a shipping service brand and build an international cooperation platform

　　Air trade information is a service product. To further promote its application and win the trust of enterprises in countries and regions along the route, it is necessary to use its comprehensiveness and scientificity to launch this shipping service brand. "The application of the Belt and Road Initiative air trade index has just started, and it is still necessary to continuously optimize and expand the connotation of the index. We also expect other national institutions to participate in the compilation and expand the application scope of the index." Zhang Page said.

　　In addition to shipping and railways, in terms of transportation methods, the "Belt and Road Initiative" air trade index will include road and air transportation in the index system in the future; in terms of route layout, transportation routes between "Belt and Road Initiative" countries and regions will also be developed.

　　At the same time, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange will also accelerate the application of the "Belt and Road Initiative" shipping index in the economic and trade fields of countries and regions related to the "Belt and Road Initiative", encourage traders and shippers in various countries to use the "Belt and Road Initiative" shipping index for index linking when signing trade and transportation contracts, and make the index a hedging tool for managing market volatility risk.

　　The establishment of the information platform relies on a wider range of information sharing to create a data aggregation effect. In the process of promoting the application of the index, the Shanghai Airlines Exchange has simultaneously recruited other national institutions to participate in the compilation of the "Belt and Road Initiative" trade and freight index between countries and regions.

　　"Behind the realization of policy communication, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people connectivity, the flow of data and information is covered. Relying on the index platform and related information, jointly developing with countries and regions along the route, and creating the’Belt and Road Initiative ‘trade and freight big data platform will further upgrade data and information services," Zhang Page said.