标签： 南京夜生活论坛

Increase support for the real economy. In 2019, the scale of bank bond issuance increased significantly.

　　On the one hand, banks can consolidate their capital strength and improve their ability to resist risks; On the other hand, it will help to improve the capital adequacy ratio and increase support for the real economy. In the future, small and medium-sized banks may get differentiated policy support in issuing preferred shares and perpetual bonds — —

　　Recently, with the continuous support of the policy, the issuance of capital supplementary bonds by small and medium-sized commercial banks has accelerated, and the demand for bond issuance by large commercial banks has also rebounded near the end of the year. The latest data shows that the number and scale of bonds issued by commercial banks increased significantly in November, and the total amount of bonds issued remained at a high level. In terms of issuance structure, commercial banks issued a total of 21 bonds in November, including 4 perpetual bonds and 9 secondary capital bonds.

　　Recently, Taizhou Bank and Huishang Bank successively issued perpetual bonds in the national inter-bank bond market. Among them, the first bond issue of Taizhou Bank is 1.6 billion yuan, which is the first perpetual bond issued by a city commercial bank in China. According to statistics, the issuance scale of perpetual bonds, subordinated bonds and convertible bonds of large, medium and small banks has increased significantly this year compared with previous years.

　　Banks are enthusiastic about issuing bonds.

　　In January this year, China Bank publicly issued 40 billion yuan of open-ended capital bonds in the inter-bank market, which filled the gap in the perpetual bond market of commercial banks in China.

　　The successful issuance of perpetual bonds by China Bank provides a model for subsequent commercial banks to issue non-fixed-term capital bonds, and also broadens the channels for commercial banks to supplement other Tier 1 capital instruments. Subsequently, Agricultural Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Huaxia Bank, Minsheng Bank, China CITIC Bank, etc. also successively issued perpetual bonds, among which Agricultural Bank of China issued the largest amount of 120 billion yuan.

　　Perpetual bond refers to a kind of bond issued by financial institutions and non-financial enterprises, which does not stipulate the maturity period, the issuer has no obligation to repay the principal and the investor can obtain interest permanently according to the coupon interest. When the issuer goes bankrupt, the order of repayment is after depositors, general creditor’s rights and subordinated debts.

　　"For banking financial institutions, especially small and medium-sized banks, there is a great pressure to replenish capital at present. On the one hand, banks can consolidate their capital strength and improve their ability to resist risks; On the other hand, it will help improve the capital adequacy ratio and increase support for the real economy. " Wen Bin, chief researcher of China Minsheng Bank, said.

　　There are two main channels for bank capital replenishment: one is endogenous funds that rely on their own profits; The other is through IPO and issuing capital to supplement bonds and other exogenous channels. Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of Xinwang Bank and distinguished researcher of National Finance and Development Laboratory, said, "China’s commercial banks have long relied on common stock financing as the main way to supplement foreign capital. Considering the current market environment, relevant departments in China should increase policy support, encourage commercial banks to expand other tier 1 capital instruments and qualified tier 2 capital instruments, such as preferred stocks, perpetual bonds and convertible bonds, and establish a long-term mechanism for capital replenishment. "

　　At the same time, with the slowdown of the banking industry’s profit growth, the increase of provision requirements and the limitation of endogenous capital replenishment, it is more urgent and necessary to implement exogenous capital replenishment. "The issuance of perpetual bonds and preferred shares by banks are innovative capital replenishment tools, which not only helps to enhance the banking industry’s ability to serve the real economy, but also helps to optimize the bank’s capital structure." Wen Bin said.

　　Small and medium-sized banks receive policy support.

　　"Focus on supporting small and medium-sized banks to replenish capital", "At present, focus on supporting small and medium-sized banks to replenish capital through multiple channels, optimize capital structure, and enhance their ability to serve the real economy and resist risks" and "enhance the capital strength of commercial banks, especially small and medium-sized banks through multiple channels" … … From the eighth meeting of the State Council Financial Stability and Development Committee held at the end of September to the ninth and tenth meetings held in November, the supplementary capital of small and medium-sized banks was mentioned.

　　Wen Bin pointed out, "For small and medium-sized banks, the pressure of replenishing capital is greater and the demand is more urgent. Recently, the regulatory authorities have issued a series of policies to encourage and support small and medium-sized banks to replenish capital through various channels, including encouraging qualified small and medium-sized banks to go public for financing and lowering the threshold for small and medium-sized banks to issue preferred shares and perpetual bonds." In his view, for small and medium-sized banks, these methods have a positive effect on improving capital strength, enhancing anti-risk ability and increasing support for the real economy.

　　In July this year, the regulatory authorities issued the Guiding Opinions on Supplementing Tier 1 Capital by Issuing Preferred Shares by Commercial Banks (Revised), which relaxed the restrictions on unlisted commercial banks (mainly small and medium-sized banks) supplementing other Tier 1 capital by issuing preferred shares. On November 7, Taizhou Bank was approved to issue perpetual bonds of no more than 5 billion yuan. In the eyes of the industry, this has released a major signal that the regulatory authorities support small and medium-sized banks to replenish capital. "Overall, as a supplementary tool for tier-one capital of banks, small and medium-sized banks may obtain differentiated policy support in issuing preferred shares and perpetual bonds in the future." Wang Qing, chief macro analyst of Oriental Jincheng, said.

　　"Since the beginning of this year, in the context of the continuous promotion of strict financial supervision, the risk release of individual small and medium-sized banks, including Baoshang Bank, has become a major concern of the regulatory authorities. In addition, represented by some rural commercial banks, some small and medium-sized banks have greater pressure on capital replenishment. " Wang Qing said.

　　Debt issuance will continue next year.

　　Capital is the ultimate means for commercial banks to absorb losses and resist risks. According to the Capital Management Measures of Commercial Banks (Trial), the core tier-one capital adequacy ratio, tier-one capital adequacy ratio and capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks are 7.5%, 8.5% and 10.5% respectively, while the capital requirements of domestic systemically important banks are 8.5%, 9.5% and 11.5% respectively.

　　"The proportion of other Tier 1 capital in China’s commercial banks is obviously low, and the other Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio of city commercial banks and rural commercial banks is significantly lower than the average." Ceng Gang, deputy director of the National Financial Development Laboratory, said that at present, the main ways for commercial banks to replenish Tier 1 capital include perpetual bonds and preferred shares. Affected by the increase of default events in the bond market and the rise of credit premium, there are still some thresholds and obstacles in the approval, market acceptance and pricing of perpetual bonds issued by small and medium-sized banks due to their low subject rating.

　　Looking forward to the market outlook, many market participants said in an interview with reporters that it is expected that the issuance of perpetual bonds, secondary capital bonds and convertible bonds by banks will continue next year. "The overall liquidity of the market will be abundant next year, and it is expected that the market interest rate will fall back, which will help reduce the cost of issuing bonds by banks." Wen Bin said that although banks with different credit ratings will have certain differences in spreads, on the whole, the market demand for bank bond issuance will remain large next year.

　　At the same time, Yin Haicheng, an analyst with Oriental Jincheng Financial Business Department, said that it is expected that perpetual bonds will gradually change from "emergency blood supplement" to "normal issuance" and become a routine means of bank capital management. He also suggested that in the above process, relevant laws and regulations on perpetual bonds of commercial banks should be promulgated, which should be stipulated in terms of issuance conditions, issuance and approval processes, and information disclosure requirements; At the same time, promote the participation of diversified investors, including applying to the National Social Security Fund Council for approval of social security funds to participate in investment, strengthening communication with clients, including varieties in the enterprise annuity investment list, and further liberalizing the conditions for insurance funds to invest in perpetual bonds.

Foreign media focus on China-Central Asia Summit： The summit has a milestone significance in creating opportunities for diversified economic development.

　　International Online Special: From May 18th to 19th, 2023, China-Central Asia Summit was held in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province. During the summit, the Supreme Leader of president, China and the heads of five Central Asian countries signed the Xi ‘an Declaration of the China-Central Asia Summit and adopted the List of Achievements of the China-Central Asia Summit. The international community spoke highly of the constructive achievements of this summit. Many foreign media reports pointed out that the summit was a milestone in promoting the diversified economic development in Central Asia, and it also showed China’s increasing international influence.

　　

Associated Press report screenshot

　　APThe website reported on May 19th that cooperation between China and Central Asian countries has been deepening under the framework of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative. China is the second largest economy in the world, and Central Asian countries regard China as an important market and investment source. The China-Central Asia Summit highlights China’s growing influence in Central Asia.

　　

Screenshot of Reuters Report, UK

　　British ReutersThe website commented that on 19th, the Supreme Leader of president, China put forward suggestions on cooperation and exchanges between China and five Central Asian countries, and announced grand development plans from deepening interconnection to expanding economic and trade relations, so as to comprehensively help Central Asian countries enhance their development capabilities.

　　The report emphasizes that as China’s friendly neighbors, the five Central Asian countries have shown high trust in China. Xi ‘an, an ancient capital with a long history, is the starting point of China’s ancient Silk Road. The two-day China-Central Asia Summit held here is regarded as China’s diplomatic victory in Central Asia. The leaders of the five Central Asian countries had previously expressed their support for China and hoped to deepen cooperation with China.

　　

Thailand’s "Bangkok Post" report screenshot

　　Bangkok Post of ThailandThe website reported on May 19th that Central Asia is of great strategic significance geographically and is a key partner for China to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative. This China-Central Asia Summit is a milestone. In order to continue the traditional friendship, the six heads of state agreed that the next summit will be held in Kazakhstan in 2025.

　　

Qatar Al Jazeera report screenshot

　　Qatar Al JazeeraThe website reported on the 18th that the China-Central Asia Summit was held in Xi ‘an, China. The two-day summit was hosted by the Supreme Leader of president, China, and the leaders of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan were invited to participate. All five Central Asian countries are important participants in the Belt and Road Initiative. The report pointed out that the summit is an opportunity for Central Asia to achieve diversified economic development.

　　Sputnik news agency & radioNikita Maslennikov, an expert from Russian Political and Technical Center, was quoted as saying that the interest of Central Asian countries in China’s steadily growing trade market is increasing, and this summit will provide new impetus for the development of bilateral trade.

　　French 24-hour TV stationAccording to a report published on the website, this meeting is the first time that China and five Central Asian countries have held a summit in the form of entity since they established diplomatic relations 31 years ago. According to the report, the railway connecting China and Europe has formed a crisscross network, and the summit is expected to reach an agreement to further expand the railway network between China and Europe, including the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway and the expansion of the China-Central Asia natural gas pipeline.

　　Radio Free Europe, USAThe website reported that Kazakh President Tokayev was the first Central Asian head of state to arrive in Xi ‘an, and May 17th was Tokayev’s 70th birthday. Kazakhstan and China issued a joint statement reaffirming that bilateral relations are "unbreakable". (Shi Hezhen, Lu Qianyuan, Wang Luping)

Deep ｜ Why is the illegal intermediary of the electric sales of the running water company ＂repeatedly banned＂？

In mid-March, three workplaces of Suzhou electric sales giant Chinese enterprise Qixiang in Suzhou and Wuxi were suddenly seized by the police, and hundreds of people were taken away by the Shanghai police for investigation. Subsequently, news came out in Chengdu, Nanjing and other places that loan intermediaries and loan-assisting companies were seized by the police.Multi-site supervision has intensified the crackdown on illegal institutions.

The loan intermediary does not lend directly to the borrower as a funder, but introduces the products of formal financial institutions to the borrower as an intermediary. The reason why it is "deeply hated" is related to a series of illegal acts such as some institutions illegally obtaining personal information for SMS and telephone harassment, impersonating bank staff, forging false information to obtain bank loans, charging high service fees and even beheading.

Telemarketing is widely used by most loan intermediaries, which are also directly called telemarketing companies. Even in recent years, a large number of telemarketing companies have gathered in an office building in many cities, and it has also happened from time to time that one company has been closed down and another company has moved in.

How do sales companies develop their industries? Why is it still "repeatedly banned" under severe blows? Are loan intermediaries all as "heinous" as stereotype? 21st century business herald reporter tried to present the industry situation and business model of loan intermediaries such as telemarketing companies from multiple perspectives through interviews with practitioners, legal persons and people in related industries.

Through interviews, we found that behind the current "chaos", we need to pay more attention to the norms of industry order. As a product of market development, loan intermediaries also reveal from the side that the problem of small and micro enterprises’ loan difficulty still needs to be solved urgently.

Liu shui de Dian Xiao company

Some netizens commented on social media, "There is a telemarketing company downstairs in our company, which is arrested every year and then rented to other telemarketing companies. Mainly a flowing electric sales company, the same electric sales. " In fact, this situation has begun to become common, and office buildings gathered by such sales companies have also appeared in many cities.

Take Suzhou as an example. Before that, many telemarketing companies set up their offices in industrial parks, and several office buildings became famous "financial buildings" in the industry because of the large number of rented telemarketing companies. After the industrial park began to clear the loan intermediary, some companies moved to gusu district and Xiangcheng, and the "financial building" also moved. A person familiar with the matter told reporters that "there are many loan companies in one building" in an office building in gusu district. These telemarketing companies that can still stay in Suzhou after being retired are regarded as "financially strong", and more "without strength" can only choose to move to other places or directly withdraw.

The same thing happened in Jinan. Two office buildings in High-tech Zone are dubbed by people who work nearby, and the high degree of gathering of their telemarketing companies is described as "Altman has to make two phone calls to leave when he comes". A person who works in one of the buildings told the reporter, "The relatively strong companies here are insurance, banks and other big companies, and the others have always been flowing companies." Judging from the property conditions, one of the two office buildings is located in a high-end CBD, which is known as the local financial and business gathering area; The other office environment is poor and the rent is relatively low. Under the change of "flowing companies" round after round, a large number of telemarketing companies have appeared in both places.

A person engaged in office rental in Suzhou told reporters that the "financial" companies such as electricity sales and loan assistance accounted for one-third of its customers last year. "On average, more than 10 loan assistance companies can find venues every month, and more than 100 loan assistance companies can be received every year." However, the lease time of these companies is not long. "The lease period is basically three months, and those who do not withdraw for three months are very powerful."

The above-mentioned person said that several districts in Suzhou had cleaned up the loan intermediary companies before, and at the same time, the property owners of some office buildings began to stop renting out the venues to such companies, because the gathering of electricity sales companies would mostly bring higher alarm rate to office buildings.

"Not bad money" property can refuse to settle in the electricity sales company,However, for the property owners who have great pressure on their own profits, such companies are at least lessees with good ability to pay.. Therefore, it often happens in many office buildings that a loan intermediary company moves away or is sealed up by the police, and a new loan intermediary company will move in after the clearance.

Enterprise loans become "pillar business"

In the usual impression, the business of this kind of telemarketing intermediary is often mainly aimed at personal loans. However, the reporter found in the interview that corporate loans with higher profits have become the "pillar business" of many telemarketing companies.

Suzhou Zhongqi Qixiang, which was previously seized by the police, is one of the most influential enterprises in the local enterprise loan industry. A person familiar with the matter told reporters that many people engaged in corporate loan business in Suzhou are from Chinese enterprises, and "basic executives are opening branches outside".

Different from the early "extensive operation", such sales companies have formed a relatively perfect business process.

As an intermediary, a telemarketing company provides loan intermediation services to customers, and usually signs an intermediary service agreement with customers to clarify the handling fee and related terms. The intermediary services it actually provides, besides recommending loan products from formal financial institutions that match customers’ needs, may also include preparing or "manufacturing" relevant loan materials for customers whose procedures are unclear or even unqualified.

The business of this kind of loan intermediary usually begins with telephone sales by telephone operators. Under normal circumstances, the operator is only responsible for making phone calls, and when the customer handles business on the spot, the negotiator will communicate with the customer in detail. Among them,The usual methods used by some loan intermediaries include impersonating bank employees and defrauding customers’ trust through friends circle packaging.

After being suppressed by negotiators, such as "poor credit reporting" and "loan with high interest", many customers may accept their higher handling fees. An employee who worked in a Chinese enterprise, Qixiang, told reporters that the service fee of this company usually starts at three points. "But sometimes the negotiators talk high, and they can go up to 10 points, and there is a loan of 3 million to collect 600,000 service fees."Based on this calculation, the service fee can even be as high as 20% of the loan amount.

Under the high profit, the job advertisements posted by the telemarketing company also look "excellent". The reporter searched for keywords such as "telemarketing" on a recruitment website. The minimum monthly salary of many related positions in Suzhou and Jinan is also more than 10,000 yuan, and some positions are marked as "irresponsible basic salary 7500", "team manager is stable 2W+" and "enterprise loan telemarketing is 46,000 yuan per month". A person familiar with the matter told reporters,"The operator is only the bottom of the loan intermediary company, and the negotiators are basically the bosses or executives of the company, and the salary is also high. Before, a company recruited negotiators with a monthly salary of100,000 yuan, in addition to a commission. "

Fuzzy compliance boundary

Are loan intermediaries all as "heinous" as stereotype? Is the business completely illegal? In the interview, we found that there is no relevant standard for loan intermediary business, and the boundary between compliance and non-compliance is also very vague.

First of all, it needs to be clarified that loan intermediaries may not be directly defined as illegal. Many industries have produced the profession of intermediary in the process of development. All kinds of intermediaries are essentially businesses that make money by poor information. Loan intermediaries should have shortened the distance between loan customers and financial institutions by virtue of their familiarity with various products.

However, as many people who have been or are engaged in this industry have said, loan intermediaries have been "bad money drives out good money" and stigmatized. The ubiquitous high handling fees have caused many people to equate loan intermediaries with usury and beheading, and the living space of companies with relatively reasonable fees and relatively "disciplined" business has also been continuously squeezed.

However, it is also difficult to supervise the loan intermediary industry because the boundary between its business compliance and illegality is actually very vague. The reporter interviewed a number of practitioners, legal persons and people in related industries, and it is difficult to make a relatively clear judgment on the boundaries.

What business can a loan intermediary provide? Can the high agency fee match the service it provides? Judging from the current situation, this may only depend on market competition and mutual benchmarking between companies. The above-mentioned insiders gave an example to reporters.The intermediary service fees of such companies in Suzhou can reach 18 points or even higher, while those in Nanjing generally will not exceed 15 points. "The high point can’t survive in Nanjing, and it is easy to be spurned by the local market."

In addition to charging high service fees or even beheading interest, some loan intermediaries also illegally obtain personal information for text messages and telephone harassment, and impersonate regular institutions and bank staff to defraud customers’ trust. In the process of business handling, some companies engaged in enterprise loan business can also help enterprises forge false information and eliminate bad records.

A lawyer in Suzhou analyzed a reporter’s case in which he participated. The client wanted to apply for a five-year loan of 3 million yuan, signed a contract with a loan intermediary and was charged an intermediary fee of 270,000 yuan. During this period, the intermediary staff made up the identity of the bank staff, and the actual lending rate and loan term were inconsistent with the intermediary’s statement, which had already involved fraud. In the actual handling of the case, due to the existence of the intermediary contract, the court generally does not treat it as fraud, but it will not support such a high intermediary fee, and proposes to mediate by partially refunding the fee.

A similar situation occurred in another incident reported by 21st century business herald before, and the court only supported a small part of the high service fee in the judgment. A loan intermediary company in Hangzhou sued several customers in succession because they refused to pay tens of thousands of high service fees. In the case that the loan business actually fails to be successfully handled, the court will generally reject the claim of tens of thousands of yuan service fee advocated by the loan intermediary; In the case that the loan business has been successfully handled and the defendant refuses to pay the service fee, the court only supports the amount of several hundred to several thousand yuan according to the contract and relevant laws and regulations, not tens of thousands of yuan advocated by the loan intermediary company.

Many interviewees mentioned that it is more important to pay attention to the establishment of industry order behind the current "chaos", which includes the scope and pricing of so-called intermediary services. A lawyer in Suzhou believes that the intermediary company itself is necessary, but it must be supervised and operated legally and in compliance. At present, loan intermediaries are facing the problems of no official positioning and lack of relevant industry norms.

Small and micro financing still needs support.

It is also noteworthy that small and micro enterprises have become "frequent customers" of loan intermediaries, which also reflects the current situation that their loan needs may still not be met at the moment when they are widely called to help small and micro enterprises and inclusive finance.

The loan interest rate is superimposed with a high service fee, and the cost of using funds is so high. Why are there still enterprises that can accept it? A lawyer handling related cases in Shanghai mentioned in an interview that some small and micro enterprises really need a working capital but have nowhere to borrow. In addition, a large number of small and micro enterprises with poor qualifications are "excluded" from traditional credit services. In order to obtain loans from formal institutions, they have to rely on services such as "making materials" from loan intermediaries.

Under the traditional credit model, the bank’s borrowing cost is low, but the qualification examination is more strict. When the economy is improving, corporate credit scores, running water and other qualifications are also good, and it is easier to borrow money from banks. When the economic growth slows down, the qualifications of enterprises may decline to some extent, and may even involve litigation, so it is difficult to meet the loan requirements of banks, and banks may be "rejected". Banks may also face the problem of pressure on asset quality, and pay more attention to and prevent risks. This also brings new problems, and some enterprises that need funds may actually not be able to borrow money.

To solve the problem of "financing difficulties" for small and micro enterprises, the optimization direction of current supervision concerns includes the determination of bank loan interest rate for small and micro enterprises, the optimization of credit policy, and the improvement and sharing of credit data for small and micro enterprises.

On April 10th, the the State Council policy briefing once again mentioned the promotion of financing for small and micro enterprises. The State Administration of Financial Supervision said that it will guide banks to reasonably determine the interest rate of inclusive small and micro enterprises’ loans, revise the supervision and evaluation system of financial services for small and micro enterprises in commercial banks and the risk classification method for small and micro enterprises’ loans, and optimize the due diligence exemption system for small and micro enterprises’ credit granting. The National Development and Reform Commission referred to the recently issued Implementation Plan for Overall Financing Credit Service Platform Construction to Improve the Financing Convenience Level of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, insisted on building a inclusive finance service system based on credit information, and promoted the provision of high-quality financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Latest release! It is related to the 2024 senior high school entrance examination.

The city’s junior high school graduates in 2024

The information of entrance examination for physical education has been released.

Let’s take a look at what changes have taken place.

one

Exam object

All the fresh and previous junior high school graduates who apply for ordinary high schools, secondary vocational schools and five-year higher vocational colleges in our city must take the physical education examination for junior high school graduates in 2024.

two

Examination time

From April to May, 2024, the specific time will be arranged by each county and city.

three

Examination items

Male and female students will take three exams each, and there will be mandatory and optional exams. In 2024, a one-minute skipping exam will be added.

1. Required items: 1000 meters for boys and 800 meters for girls.

2. Selection of test items: Candidates can choose two items from eight items (only one item can be selected for the "three big balls").

Boys: 50-meter running, standing long jump, throwing solid ball, pull-ups, skipping rope, basketball dribbling, football dribbling and volleyball padding.

Girls: 50-meter running, standing long jump, throwing solid balls, one-minute sit-ups, skipping rope, basketball dribbling, football dribbling and volleyball padding.

four

Test score

In 2024, junior high school graduates entered the physical education examination, with a full score of 60 points, which was included in the total score of the senior high school entrance examination. Among them: 25 points for a compulsory item; Choose two items, each with 17.5 points, totaling 35 points.

The starting point of each individual performance test is 0.

five

Detailed rules

Yichun city junior high school graduates in 2024

Rules of entrance examination for physical education

1. 1000-meter running and 800-meter running

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The venue is set in a closed 400-meter track and field with six or more circular runways. The marking lines required for the examination are clear, and obvious markers must be set at the starting line and the finishing line.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. The guide will take the candidates to the starting point in groups, and the number of candidates in each group will not exceed 20. Candidates will wear number clothes with timing chips as required, and the testers will check the candidates’ numbers one by one and enter the examination procedure after confirming that they are accurate.

Adopt a standing starting line and an arc starting line, regardless of the runway after starting; Follow the track and field rules of overtaking on the right. During the examination, the examinee has no foul phenomenon, and the record is valid.

Each candidate has only one chance to take the exam. Candidates can only take a make-up test on the same day with the consent of the examiner because of the foul of others or accidental fall during the test. Those who still violate the rules, the score will be 0. Candidates should complete the race within 7 minutes, and the time is recorded in minutes and seconds. Less than 1 second is not included in the score. If the student fails to finish the race within 7 minutes, the guide will take the candidate off the track, and the student’s score will be marked as "overtime", with a score of 0. When the exam is fouled, the result will be invalid.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Before starting, any part of the body touches or crosses the starting line;

2. Step into the inner edge of the runway during running;

3. Run in, push, pull and stop others from running in;

4. Run in by others, or run in with the help of others;

5. During the examination, take out the timing chip of the clothes.

(4) Matters needing attention

Candidates wear sneakers with rubber soles during the exam, and they are not allowed to wear spikes or leather shoes.

Second, 50-meter run

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

There should be enough buffer space for several runways, and the ground should be flat soil or plastic ground. The marking lines required for the examination should be clear and marked on the corresponding passes. The starting line and the finishing line should be clearly marked. The system should meet the requirements of track and field competition rules.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates stand behind the starting line to prepare and listen to the sound of the equipment to start. Adopt a standing start. The instrument gives a prompt sound (each in position … about 2-3 seconds … gunshot prompt sound), and the candidates start. After reaching the finish line, confirm the results in the order of passes.

Candidates have only one chance to take the exam. Candidates can only take a make-up test on the same day with the consent of the examiner because of the foul of others or accidental fall during the test. Those who still violate the rules, the score will be 0.

(3) Foul behavior

Rush to run and cross the road during the exam.

(4) Matters needing attention

Candidates wear sneakers with rubber soles during the exam, and they are not allowed to wear spikes or leather shoes.

Third, the standing long jump

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

Examination venues and equipment should be arranged on a flat ground. Use a special standing long jump tester.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates stand on the jumper and prepare for the exam. Both feet jump at the same time. The landing point must be in the test area, and the closest point of the body touching the ground from the jumper is the test score. No run-up or step jump is allowed.

Test twice in a row, and the electronic instrument automatically selects and stores the best performance record.

Candidates violate the rules in the exam, and the results are invalid; Those who have fouled twice and failed in the exam can only increase their chances once; Those who still violate the rules, the score will be 0.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Step on the line, run-up, step-by-step or jump.

2. After the test is completed, retreat or go out of the sensing area from the side, which is judged as a foul and the jumping result is invalid.

(4) Matters needing attention

After a single take-off and landing, you must go forward out of the test area and not backward, otherwise the test results may be affected.

Fourth, throw a solid ball

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

A flat land 20 meters long and 5 meters wide; All counties and cities use solid balls of the same brand and specification, and the diameter of the ball is 14~14.5 cm; Weight: 2 kg (20 g) for both boys and girls; The sphere is cast by raw rubber; There must be no rolling animals in the ball. Use special laser rangefinder.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates stand behind the starting line to prepare for the exam. Before throwing, put your feet back and forth or left and right, and your body is facing the throwing direction. Raise the ball with both hands above your head and then lean back, with your shoulders parallel to the starting line, and throw the ball forward with both hands in situ; When the ball is released, the shoulders must be parallel to the starting line; Before the ball hits the ground, feet are not allowed to step on the line or throw it across the line, and all parts of the body are not allowed to touch the line.

Test twice in a row, and the rangefinder automatically selects and stores the best performance record.

Candidates violate the rules in the exam, and the results are invalid; Those who have fouled twice and failed in the exam can only increase their chances once; Those who still violate the rules, the score will be 0.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Failing to finish throwing from the original place, resulting in run-up, etc.

2. When testing, the foot steps on the line or any part of the body touches the ground in the landing area before the throwing line;

3. Throwing the upper limbs of the body to the throwing area or with one hand.

(4) Matters needing attention

1. Candidates wear sneakers with rubber soles during the exam, and they are not allowed to wear spikes or leather shoes.

2. At the moment when the solid ball is released, the foot can be pushed to the ground and off the ground at the same time (only at the moment of release). If the subject throws the ball with both feet in front and back, the back foot can take a step forward at the same time, but not step on the line.

Five, pull-ups (male)

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

On the high horizontal bar, the horizontal bar used in the exam must meet the relevant requirements; According to the actual situation, venues with different heights can be set up for candidates to choose from; The laying of ground materials under the horizontal bar must fully consider the safety of candidates’ landing, and soft sand and gymnastics mats can be used.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates line up in a column in the specified area according to the test order. After hearing the number, the examinee jumps under the bar, holding the bar with both hands, hanging with both hands about shoulder width into a straight arm, and starting to do the first action after the body is in a static state; Bend the arm and pull the body up until the chin exceeds the upper edge of the bar, and complete it once after restoring the straight arm suspension; If the action does not reach this specification, it will not be counted; The examination time begins with holding the bar with both hands and ends with both hands off the bar. During this period, if the time interval between the two actions exceeds 10 seconds, the examination will automatically end. Candidates’ scores are counted according to the number of successful completion. Each candidate has only one chance to take the exam.

During the examination, the candidate commits a foul, regardless of the number of fouls, but can continue the examination.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Hands are not holding the horizontal bar;

2. Not starting from the static action;

3. Between the two movements, the arm is not fully straightened;

4. When the action is completed, the chin does not exceed the bar surface.

(4) Matters needing attention

When pull-ups, the body must not swing greatly, nor can it be propped up with other additional actions.

Six, 1 minute sit-ups (female)

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The venue is set on a flat ground, and candidates complete the test on instruments and equipment.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates lie on their back on the test instrument, with their hands and fingers crossed behind their heads, and at the same time, their arms are open, and the back of their hands and arms are touching the mat; Put your feet firmly, bend your knees, the big legs are at right angles, and your legs can be slightly separated; When sitting up, your elbows must touch or exceed your knees; When lying on your back, your shoulder blades must touch the pad. No external assistance is allowed during the test. Count the number of actions that the candidate completes in one minute that meet the standard. Each candidate only takes the test once.

Candidates have committed a foul, and the sit-ups done during the foul are not counted, but candidates can continue to take the exam.

When the exam is fouled, the result will be invalid.

(3) Foul behavior

1. When sitting up, the elbows do not touch or exceed the knees;

2. When lying on your back, the scapula did not touch the pad;

3. During the examination, the buttocks are off the mat.

(4) Matters needing attention

1. If it is found that the subjects sit up with the strength of elbow pads or hip ups and downs, it will not be counted this time.

2. Subjects’ feet must be placed on the mat.

Jump rope for seven or one minute.

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The examination venue is set on a flat ground, and intelligent instruments are used for testing. Candidates are tested in the arranged venue in groups. The skipping rope for the examination is special, and the handle contains timing and counting chips. Candidates are not allowed to use their own skipping rope, and there are several candidates in each group.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Candidates need to use the special skipping rope at the examination site, and the guide will take the candidates to the skipping field in groups. Candidates will stand in the designated area with signs as required and take the corresponding skipping equipment. Candidates will adjust the length of skipping rope to an appropriate length. After tying the shoelaces and preparing, the tester will check the candidates’ numbers one by one and enter the examination procedure after confirming that they are accurate.

Candidates listen to the instrument’s prompt tone of "Referee Ready, Athlete Ready, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Jump" to take the test. Candidates jump alternately with their feet or one foot in the test area, and each jump is valid once, and the test instrument automatically counts the time.

When the exam is finished, stand in the same place. Candidates can check the exam results at the right handle. After the equipment operator prompts them to shut down, gently put the rope on the exam position and exit in an orderly manner.

Candidates have only one chance to take the exam. If the examinee’s shoelaces fall off or are influenced by others during the examination, and the force majeure factors such as rope winding are confirmed by the invigilator, he can apply for a make-up jump opportunity.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Hands are not used to shake;

2. Jump and shake more;

3. Jumping out of the prescribed area and affecting others;

(4) Matters needing attention

1. Skipping rope and tripping during the test, except this time without counting, should be continued.

2. After the exam, candidates will lightly put the skipping rope to the designated position.

3. The skipping scene for the exam has been provided, and candidates are not allowed to bring their own skipping rope into the examination room.

Eight, basketball dribbling

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The court is set in the basketball court or on a flat plastic court. The setting requirements are as follows:

It is 20 meters long and 7 meters wide. 5 meters before the starting line, sign posts are set up, with 5 rows, 2 in each row; The distance between each row of sign poles is 3m, the distance between the center points of two sign pole bases in the same row is 1m, and the distance from the same side edge line is 3m. The starting area is 1 meter in the middle of the starting line. The setting method is as shown in the figure:

The height of the marker post is not less than 1.2 meters, the size of the test ball is No.6 basketball (its weight is 510~567g and its circumference is 724~737mm), and the air pressure in the ball meets the requirements of basketball competition rules.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. After hearing the number, candidates stand at the starting position of the starting (finishing) line with the ball and make preparations for departure. After giving the order, the examinee can move his feet and dribble the ball in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure. In the process of dribbling, if the candidate temporarily loses control of the ball, but the ball does not leave the test site, the candidate can pick it up by himself and return to the place where the ball is out of control to continue dribbling, and the timing will not stop. Candidates and the ball both return to the starting (final) line, and the timing stops. Each person tested twice and recorded good results.

Test scores are recorded in seconds, accurate to 1 decimal place (0. 1 second), and enter 1 when the second decimal place is not "0".

Candidates violate the rules in the exam, and the results are invalid; Those who have fouled twice and failed in the exam can only increase their chances once; Those who still violate the rules, the score will be 0.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Not starting from the designated area;

2. run away when you leave;

3. Both hands touch the ball at the same time during dribbling;

4. The dribbling height exceeds the examinee’s shoulder;

5. Body parts below the knee touch the ball;

6. Violations that are not allowed by other rules such as "wrist flip";

7. Leakage around the sign post;

8. Knock down the sign post;

9. During the examination, people or balls leave the test area;

10. When passing the finish line, people and balls are separated (candidates must touch the ball with one hand or both hands at the moment when they reach the finish line).

Nine, football dribbling

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The field is set on the flat ground in the middle of the track and field or on an independent football field. The surface is natural or artificial lawn (not smooth hard ground), and the fields are independent from each other to avoid mutual interference during the examination. The setting requirements are as follows:

It is 30 meters long and 10 meters wide, and obvious marking lines are set around the site. Sign poles are set up 5 meters before the starting line. The distance between the sign poles and the side lines on both sides is 5 meters, with a total of 5 poles, and the distance between the poles is 5 meters. One meter in the middle of the starting line is the departure area for candidates. The setting method is as shown in the figure:

The height of the marker post is not less than 1.2m, the size of the test ball is No.5 football (its weight is 396~453g, and its circumference is 680~710mm), and the air pressure in the ball meets the requirements of football competition rules.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. After hearing the number, candidates will transport the ball to the starting area behind the starting line and make preparations for departure. After giving the order, the examinee dribbles forward and winds the pole in turn; After the ball passes the last post, the examinee touches the ball at least once and dribbles through the finish line; When both the man and the ball have crossed the finish line, the timing stops. Each person tested twice and recorded good results.

Record the test results in seconds, accurate to 1 decimal place (0. 1 second), and enter L when the second decimal place is not "0".

When the exam is fouled, the score will be invalid; Those who have fouled twice without results can only have one more chance; Those who still violate the rules will get 0 points for this score.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Not starting from the designated area;

2. run away when you leave;

3. handball;

4. Leakage around the sign post;

5. Knock down the sign post;

6. After the ball passed the last post, before reaching the finish line, the foot did not touch the ball;

7. Failing to complete the whole route as required;

8. During the test, the person or ball leaves the test area.

X. Volleyball cushion

(1) Site setting and equipment specifications

The venue is set on a flat and solid ground, and qualified test sites are encouraged to set the venue in the gymnasium. The setting requirements are as follows:

The length and width are 3 meters, and obvious marking lines are set around the site; A marker for judging the height of the cushion ball is set on the periphery of the site, and the vertical projection of the marker on the ground is 0.5 meters away from the sign line on the same side; The height of the marker should be set by considering the factors such as the counting method of instruments and equipment, the diameter of volleyball and so on to ensure that the height meets the requirements; Other matters needing attention in marker setting are determined according to the actual conditions of the selected instruments and equipment. The test sites for boys and girls should be set up separately.

The test ball is volleyball (soft volleyball is not allowed), its weight is 230~270g, its circumference is 650~670mm, and the air pressure in the ball meets the requirements of volleyball competition rules.

(2) Test methods

The guide will take the candidates to the examination venue in groups for identity confirmation (photo of the handheld education examination card is compared with my appearance) and check-in. Line up in a single column in the specified area according to the test order.

After hearing the number, the examinee enters the test area and throws the ball in place. After the first ball cushion is successful, the timer starts, and the individual continuously cushions the ball with both hands, requiring the correct hand shape, accurate hitting position and the specified height.

Each test should last no more than 1 minute. Each person takes the test twice, and records the better one.

If the cushion ball does not exceed the time limit, the ball lands or commits a foul, and the test is over; In case of overtime, the test will automatically end after the specified time. The height of the boys’ cushion ball (from the ground to the bottom of the ball) is not less than 2.24 meters, and the girls are not less than 2.00 meters. Only when the method is correct and the height meets the requirements can the cushion ball be counted. Count the number of cushion balls.

When the candidates take the exam, the ball touches the marker, and the consequences are borne by the candidates; In case of foul behavior, when the test is over, the number of cushion balls shall be based on the number recorded by instruments and equipment at the time of foul.

(3) Foul behavior

1. Touch the ball by passing the ball;

2. Step on the marking line or leave the test area.

(Slide down to see more)

six

grading standards

1. Strictly implement the grading standards for junior high school students’ physical health standards (revised in 2014).

2. Throwing a solid ball and skipping rope for one minute shall implement the grading standards of related items in junior middle school grade three in the National Physical Health Standard for Students promulgated and implemented by the Ministry of Education and the State Sports General Administration in 2007.

Source: Yichun Publishing

Editor in charge: Yuan Yonghua

Editor: Ao Juan

Issued by: Liu Ximing

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Shanghai community has come up with new measures to solve the ＂slot point＂ of garbage classification

　　On July 1st, the Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Domestic Waste Management was officially implemented. In Baoshan, Shanghai, citizens are using the "Love Recycling" intelligent sorting and recycling machine. Wang Chushe (People’s Vision)

　　On July 2nd, the publicity wall of garbage sorting in "Yu Tai Jingyuan" community of Jiaxing Road Street, Hongkou District, Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Fang Yushe

　　On June 19th, the property staff of Shanghai World Financial Center attracted people in the building to learn about garbage sorting through dancing. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Ying photo

　　Shanghai has implemented mandatory classification of domestic waste for half a month. Shanghai residents carefully study the knowledge of classification, while the managers of grass-roots community organizations try their best to find new ways to solve their problems and do a good job in garbage classification.

　　The reporter recently visited several communities in Xuhui District, the central city of Shanghai, to see what tricks are available for promotion.

　　Access cards act as supervisors.

　　Twelve villages in Tianlin are typical old-age housing communities in Shanghai, with more than 6,000 residents, nearly 1,400 over 60 years old, and the housing rental rate is close to 30%.

　　In the comprehensive management of the community in 2016, Twelve Villages in Tianlin realized the real-name registration of access cards for residential buildings, and became the first smart community platform in Tianlin Street in May 2018.

　　How to make the smart community platform a helper for household waste sorting? Neighborhood Committee cadres came up with a coup to "bind" the access card with the garbage room. Residents swiped their cards to throw garbage, and the management platform automatically registered the card swipers, opening time, card swiping times and green account points of the garbage room.

　　In view of the fear of throwing different garbage at several doors in rainy days and soiling hands with wet garbage, the community has carried out "six-in-one" hardware transformation for all garbage bins: configuring an access control system, installing an awning, installing an inductive sink, adding a set of cameras, a driving mirror and an electronic display screen.

　　A small camera is installed on the gate of the wet trash can with high garbage purity in the community, which is networked with the community management platform. At the same time, the wet garbage pickup truck of the sanitation department is also equipped with an induction probe. Once the wrong garbage is put in, the pickup personnel will find and inform the neighborhood Committee, retrieve the video data of the corresponding numbered trash can, and lock the residents who are not put in place. "No one comes to find the right one, and the wrong one can be traced back at any time", which greatly reduces the supervision cost.

　　The electronic screen on the garbage bin room instantly displays the data such as the total amount of garbage collected on that day and the separation rate of dry and wet garbage, so that residents can intuitively feel the effectiveness of garbage sorting.

　　After more than a year’s efforts, the "fixed-point" delivery rate of residents in Tianlin Twelve Villages reached 90%. On the basis of basic habits, from June this year, the street set a wrong time drop-off point in the southeast corner of the community to open access control "sub-cards" for some residents’ hourly workers and night shift workers to facilitate different people to drop garbage.

　　"We must strictly enforce hard constraints, but also fully consider the needs of residents and provide humanized services." Zhao Guoqing, secretary of the General Party Branch of Tianlin Twelve Villages Residential Area, said.

　　Alipay makes an appointment to recycle large pieces of garbage.

　　Open Alipay, enter the page of garbage sorting and recycling, click on "Booking for recycling of large pieces", select specific categories such as coffee tables and sofas, complete the payment price estimation according to the standards such as materials, disassembly, volume, service life, damage degree and floor condition, and then upload photos of large pieces to be recycled and specify the door-to-door time, and the order will be placed. This is the operation flow of the door-to-door recycling business platform for large-scale garbage in Hunan Road Street, Xuhui District, Shanghai.

　　Aunt Chen, who lives in Lane 55 of Wuyuan Road, has two pieces of furniture that have been idle for a long time. She has been unable to find a suitable way to deal with it. On WeChat group, she saw the notice about home recycling sent by the neighborhood Committee and tried it quickly. I didn’t expect the recycling master to come the next morning.

　　There are five members of the recycling and removal team, all of whom are "professionals" with many years of experience in garbage removal. They wear uniform blue overalls and drive vans. What is to be recycled is a wooden folding bed and a low table. As soon as he entered the door, the recycling team quickly took a photo of the bed and the table respectively. "You have to compare the photos first and take photos to leave a certificate." After the confirmation is completed, the recycling team starts the handling — — Two people are responsible for the folding bed, half open and walking sideways; The low table is carried by one person, and the long side stands up. The corridor in the old residential area is narrow and there is no elevator. Only by using the thinnest handling method can the furniture go downstairs smoothly. It takes less than five minutes to send the doorway from the fifth floor to load it into the truck. Master Sa, who led the team, said that the recycled large pieces of furniture will be sent to the designated recycling point for classification, and the good quality will enter the recycling link, and the poor quality will be treated in a centralized and standardized manner according to the construction waste standards.

　　Aunt Chen paid less than 50 yuan’s freight for these two pieces of old furniture, which she thought was reasonable. "A few years ago, I handled an old sofa myself, and it took more than half an hour to move the sofa down from the fifth floor."

　　Dong Wei, secretary of the Party Working Committee of Hunan Road Sub-district Office, said that there are many traditional lanes in Shanghai, and the living area is small, and the waste furniture still occupies the place. Residents have a great demand for recycling large pieces of garbage. "From the perspective of urban management, the recycling of large-scale garbage cannot rely on ‘ Guerrilla ’ 。” The street is connected with Alipay platform and recycling and clearing team, the price standard is set with reference to the market level, and the operation page is optimized to facilitate residents to place orders quickly, which not only solves the needs of residents, but also reduces the phenomenon of littering.

　　The recycling bin returns to the city center.

　　Recently, a green hut appeared at No.37, Donghu Road, Hengfu Scenic Area, one of the "noble lots" in Shanghai — — "Indus resource space". This is another innovation in garbage sorting in Hunan streets: a resource recycling station combining intelligent trading with manual trading.

　　"Collect scrap metal, waste plastics and waste newspapers … …” Whenever the bell rings in the alley, the residents of the community come out to sell waste products. This is a scene that many Shanghai residents remember. Nowadays, there are fewer and fewer people selling waste products in the streets, and there is no place for daily waste products to be left at home.

　　Hunan street came up with the idea of returning the "upgraded" waste recycling station to residential areas. The "Indus Resource Space" covers an area of nearly 20 square meters and is located at the intersection of five roads, namely Donghu Road, Xinle Road, Changle Road, Fumin Road and Yanqing Road, which can radiate many surrounding communities.

　　The LCD screen at the entrance of the recycling hut shows the prices of various recycled items such as glass, metal, plastic, paper and fabric. Recyclable items sent by residents and enterprises will automatically print out information such as weight and amount after being weighed by staff. The concentrated waste products are collected by professional resource recycling enterprises on a regular basis.

　　On the way to the stadium for exercise, Aunt Wang conveniently carried several cartons that had been flattened and packed. "The recycling price of cartons here is 4 cents more than that sold to scavengers per kilogram of 1.2 yuan. I have been here twice. "

　　"Indus Resource Space" is open regularly every Monday to Saturday. What should office workers do if they miss the opening hours? "Wutong Resource Space" has set up a 24-hour intelligent self-help exchange speculation at the gate. Residents use the mobile APP to scan the code to open the door of the corresponding category. After completing the transaction, they will automatically return the account to the mobile phone.

　　Kitchen garbage does not leave the community.

　　Wet garbage accounts for 60% of the total domestic garbage in Shanghai, and the transfer process is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment, which is the difficulty of garbage disposal. On June 25th, the Citizen Environmental Protection Experience Center of Hongmei Street in Xuhui District was opened to explore a new mode of wet waste treatment, which is "kitchen waste does not leave the community". Hongmei Street has jurisdiction over 22 residential quarters with about 30,000 community residents. There are 3,000 enterprises and about 280,000 white-collar workers in caohejing Development Zone. Streets began to promote garbage sorting in 2016. By improving the hardware transformation of garbage bins, putting wet garbage in fixed time, "broken bags", on-site demonstration and supervision by volunteers, redemption of points and other supporting measures, residents gradually developed the habit of garbage source sorting and became one of the 18 demonstration streets of domestic garbage sorting in Shanghai.

　　Hongmei Street and Eco-tech Enterprises within its jurisdiction — — Tianwei Environmental Protection cooperated hand in hand to transport the wet garbage from residents’ living quarters and the kitchen garbage from enterprises in the development zone to the nearest citizen environmental protection experience center and three other centralized disposal points, and then put it into special equipment for about 15 minutes, so as to separate out reclaimed water, oil that can be used for biodiesel processing, and compost raw materials rich in biological strains.

　　The key to realize effective biological treatment of wet garbage is that the purity of wet garbage must reach more than 90%, that is, the doping degree of other garbage in a bucket of wet garbage should not be higher than 10%. Hongmei Street specializes in the whole process of wet garbage from delivery, removal to final disposal. At present, the street handles nearly 25 tons of kitchen waste every day, which improves the garbage infiltration pollution caused by long-distance transportation and transit, reduces the removal cost and improves the efficiency of resource localization.

　　Hongmei Street Citizen’s Environmental Experience Center covers an area of 350 square meters. The architectural design is characterized by the unique brick and wood structure with overhangs, the cloister of pond water and the cultivation of various plants, which embodies the concept of symbiosis between man and nature. Here, citizens can visit the whole process of kitchen waste from classification, centralized treatment to resource utilization.

　　Pu Yapeng, secretary of the Party Working Committee of Hongmei Street, said that "kitchen waste does not leave the community" not only requires effective management methods, but also innovates the removal process. "Data can best reflect the results of garbage classification". Every day, the street counts the removal amount of dry and wet garbage, detects the purity of wet garbage, and promotes management efficiency through quantitative management. "

Moon Jae in was paid by China’s mobile phone and decided to do something big just after returning to China.

　　[Global Network reporter Yang Feifei Wei Yue] South Korean President Moon Jae in paid a four-day state visit to China from December 13th to 16th. He not only started diplomatic activities in China, tasted Chinese breakfast, but also experienced a mobile payment. On the 18th, just the second day after returning to China, Moon Jae in decided to rapidly innovate its public network and cancel the unnecessary security plug-in activeX in electronic transactions.

　　South Korea’s "Central Daily News" reported on December 18th that Park Soo-hyun, spokesman of South Korea’s Presidential Palace Cheongwadae, said on the 18th that South Korean President Moon Jae in said that when using public networks, the goal should be to cancel some unnecessary plug-ins during installation procedures, and quickly change administrative procedures and improve relevant legal systems before 2018.

　　It is reported that South Korea’s active X is a security program installed during electronic transaction settlement, but there have been criticisms that activeX has slowed down the transaction. Although active X has disappeared in other countries, 44 of the top 100 websites in Korea still use Active X.. Previously, in March 2014, when former South Korean President park geun-hye held a seminar on system reform in Cheongwadae, he said that the "Chien Yong Yi Coat" in the Korean drama "You from the Stars" caused a wave of buying in China, but it could not be bought because of active X, so the government needed to start the work of eliminating Active X.

　　When Moon Jae in had breakfast at Yonghe Soymilk in Beijing, he really felt the necessity of canceling unnecessary plug-ins.

　　Moon Jae in scanned the QR code on the table for settlement after ordering. At that time, Moon Jae in showed interest in China’s mobile phone checkout system and asked, "Is this enough to pay the money?" Lu Yingmin, the South Korean ambassador to China, also said that "most of China uses mobile phones to settle accounts."

　　This is not the first time that foreign leaders have been "circled" by China’s mobile payment.

　　We are like "hillbillies"!

　　On August 20th, the Straits Times published an article entitled "2017 National Day Mass Meeting: When lim swee say felt like a" hillbilly "in the smart city of Shanghai".

　　At the beginning, the article tells the story of Singapore’s Minister of Manpower Lin Ruisheng buying chestnuts in Shanghai a few years ago. A few years ago, lim swee say saw people queuing up to buy chestnuts. They just shook their mobile phones and left without paying cash. Lim swee say thought it was a special discount, so when it was his turn, he told the vendor that I didn’t need a discount, and I would pay the full price. But the result is that people are using WeChat to pay for scanning the QR code of vendors. Mr. Lin feels like a hillbilly.

　　The person who tells this story is none other than Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.

　　Lee Hsien Loong used this story to tell Singaporeans that Singapore’s development has fallen behind some smart cities in China. In terms of electronic payment, China has been at the forefront.

　　Lee Hsien Loong said, so when China tourists find it necessary to use cash in Singapore, they will ask, "Why is Singapore so backward?" Therefore, Singapore also plans to build a smart country to enhance the overall economic productivity and make life more convenient. Lee Hsien Loong said that all kinds of systems in Singapore must be simplified and integrated, and the relevant financial management departments have already begun to implement them.

　　China Mobile Payment has long caused envy among many foreigners.

　　In fact, the development of mobile payment not only in Singapore but also in China has long aroused the envy of many foreigners.

　　In February this year, the Financial Times published an article entitled "Compared with China, the mobile payment market in the United States looks like a dwarf". Forrester described the payment scene in the United States in his report: "Old habits are hard to disappear. In front of the checkout counter, people are still more willing to take out their credit cards instead of taking out their mobile phones to sweep them."

　　"China’s rapid push for near-end payment is largely based on its late-comer advantage — — Unlike the United States and other countries and regions, China does not have a solid credit card culture. It is precisely because of this that China has jumped directly from the cash payment stage to the mobile payment stage, "market research institute eMarketer said in a research report.

　　After experiencing mobile payment in China, many foreign netizens said that it was very easy to use!

　　Netizen: Although WeChat started as a communication application, it has now integrated the functions of 15 applications, which is very powerful. In China, you don’t need a wallet at all, just a mobile phone. You can buy anything anytime and anywhere by scanning the code. You can check your salary, make friends, call a car, send files, and do anything.

　　User Jasmine HR: Is no one shocked by mobile payment? In China, you can buy anything as long as you have a mobile phone. You don’t need cash at all. Even if you buy a roadside stall, you can use your mobile phone for only half a cent. China is the first country in Asia to open Apple Payment, but Apple Payment is still not popular in China. Because China’s Alipay is so convenient, its function is more powerful than Apple’s payment.

　　Do you think China is the most successful country in mobile payment?

　　Netizen Vital Khali: It must be! So far, China is the country with the strongest mobile payment, and there is no one. In China, mobile payment has become a part of people’s lives: transferring money, shopping, eating, watching movies, paying rent and paying bills. Only unexpected things can’t be done without mobile payment. (Global Network Comprehensive China Journal, Singapore Straits Times, etc.)

360 Zhou Hongyi fired again： GPT 6-8 will have a sense of autonomy. Let’s measure right and wrong.

Recently, Zhou Hongyi of 360 said."GPT6 to GPT8 artificial intelligence will generate consciousness and become a new species.In the future, the artificial intelligence big language model may realize self-evolution, automatic system updating and self-upgrading, or exponential evolution ability, and human beings will face unpredictable security challenges. "

Zhou Hongyi, as a "master of tuyeres", has to get involved in almost every tuyere. What he said is somewhat credible, and it is necessary to make a big question mark.

Moreover, Zhou Hongyi only gave a prediction, but did not give his own reasons and reasoning logic.

As a media that focuses on the depth of the industry, we should not stay on the slogan of the headline party, but analyze the problem from a deeper level.

Will GPT grow into a general artificial intelligence model? If so, how long will this process take? Next, we try to discuss this disturbing problem together.

To answer this question, we need to "tear down" a big model like GPT and see what is inside it and how it works.

"Unpack" the black box of the big model

Large model refers to a neural network model with a very large number of parameters, which is usually used to deal with complex natural language processing, image recognition, speech recognition and other tasks. The core elements of the large model are mainly neural network, layer, neuron and parameters.

Data ape mapping

neural network

Neural network is a machine learning algorithm, which is inspired by the nervous system of human brain. It consists of multiple layers, each layer contains multiple neurons, and the connections between layers form a neural network. Each neuron receives the input from the neuron in the upper layer, calculates the output according to its input, and then passes it on to the next layer.

floor

Layer is a part of neural network, which is composed of multiple neurons. Each layer can be configured with different parameters such as activation function and optimizer. Usually, each layer will transform the input and then pass the output to the next layer. Common layers include fully connected layer, convolution layer, pooling layer, etc. The basis for dividing different types of layers is mainly the type of data processed, the internal structure of layers, the functions of layers, etc. For example, the fully connected layer is the simplest and most commonly used layer in neural networks. Its core function is to connect all neurons in the upper layer with all neurons in this layer. This connection allows the neural network to learn the complex nonlinear relationship of input data. Fully connected layer is usually used for image classification, speech recognition, natural language processing and other tasks; Convolution layer is the core layer of Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which is used to process data with spatial structure, such as images. Its core function is to perform convolution operation on the input data through a set of learnable convolution kernels to extract the features of the input data. The internal structure of convolution layer includes several convolution kernels and a bias term, and the output of convolution layer is usually input into pooling layer.

neuron

Neurons are the basic units in neural networks,Its main function is to receive signals from neurons in the input layer or the previous layer and generate output signals. The inputs of neurons are transmitted through a set of weighted connections and are weighted and summed in neurons. Then, this sum is input into the activation function for nonlinear transformation to produce the output of neurons.

The core of neuron is activation function, which is the core component of neuron processing input signal. Neurons receive input signals, sum them with weights, and then input them into the activation function for nonlinear transformation.The function of activation function is to introduce nonlinear factors into neurons, so that neurons can learn nonlinear models, thus improving the expression ability of models.

parameter

Parameters refer to variables in the neural network, which will be updated with the training of the neural network.Each neuron has a weight vector and an offset term, which are usually called parameters.The values of these parameters will be updated by the optimizer during training to make the output of the neural network as close as possible to the expected output.

To sum up, neurons are components of layers, and layers are components of neural networks. Parameters are stored in neurons, and each neuron has a set of parameters (weights and offsets). During the training process, the optimizer will update these parameters to make the output of the neural network as close as possible to the expected output.

So, how do neural networks, layers, neurons and parameters work systematically?

Next, we take the training process of GPT-4 as an example to illustrate the cooperation process of different elements in the training process of large model, specifically:

1) Firstly, all parameters of GPT-4 model are randomly initialized, including the weight and deviation of each neuron in the neural network.

2) Prepare data sets, which can be marked texts, such as articles, novels, papers, social media posts, etc. Before training, data must be preprocessed and cleaned up, such as deleting special characters, stop words and other irrelevant information.

3) Training data will be divided into several small batches, usually each batch contains hundreds to thousands of text samples. Input each batch into GPT-4 model, and the model will calculate the output according to the current parameters, that is, predict the probability distribution of the next word.

4) Calculate the loss function of the model, which can reflect the performance of the model on the training set. In the case of language model, cross entropy is usually used as the loss function.

5) Calculate the gradient of parameters according to the backpropagation algorithm, and the gradient reflects the change rate of the loss function of the model at a certain point. Then use the optimizer to update the parameters of the model to reduce the loss function.

6) Repeat steps 3-5 until the performance of the model reaches the expectation or the training time is exhausted.

Kind of like the human brain.

From the above analysis, we can see that the big model is trying to simulate the working mechanism of the human brain. In fact, at present, human beings are the only intelligent creatures. If a large model is as intelligent as human beings, "bionic" is the best way.

Next, let’s briefly sort out the structure and working mechanism of the human brain, and then compare the structure and working mechanism of the big model with that of the human brain.

Let’s first look at the structure of the human brain.

The human brain is a neural network system composed of tens of billions of neurons, and neurons are the basic units of neural networks. Each neuron is connected with each other by synapses, which are the basic channels for transmitting information between neurons.

The core function of neurons is to receive, process and transmit information.A neuron usually consists of three parts: cell body, dendrite and axon.Neurons receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body through dendrites. The cell body processes these signals and generates output signals, which are transmitted to other neurons through axons.

The connection between neurons is usually realized through synapses. Synapses are divided into chemical synapses and electrical synapses. Chemical synapses transmit signals through neurotransmitters, while electrical synapses transmit information directly through electrical signals.

The human brain is composed of a large number of neurons and synapses, which are connected together according to specific laws to form different neural circuits and neural networks. These neural circuits and neural networks work together to complete various complex cognitive, perceptual, emotional and behavioral activities of the human body.

Through the above analysis, we can make an analogy between the human brain and various elements of the big model, as shown in the following table:

The layer in the big model can be compared with the cortex in the human brain.The layer of the large model is composed of several neurons, each neuron receives the output of the previous layer as input, and calculates it through the activation function to produce the output of this layer. The cerebral cortex is a complex network composed of neurons and synapses, in which each neuron also receives the output of other neurons as input, and transmits and processes information at synapses through chemical signals.

Neurons in the large model can be compared with neurons in the human brain.They are the basic computing units in the network, which receive input signals and process them through activation functions to generate output signals. Neurons in the human brain are the basic computing units in organisms. They connect with other neurons through synapses, receive chemical signals from other neurons, and generate output signals through electrical signals.

The parameters of the large model can be compared with the synaptic weights in the human brain, which determine the intensity and mode of information transmission between neurons. Synaptic weights in the human brain also play a similar role, which determines the connection strength between neurons and the signal transmission mode at synapses.

Quantitative comparison between large model and human brain

The above is only from a qualitative point of view, to understand the big model, the working mechanism of the human brain, and to make an analogy to their core elements.

Quantitative change leads to qualitative change, even if it is similar in structure, but the difference in quantity often leads to great difference.

Next, let’s compare the big model with the human brain from a quantitative point of view.

The following are the approximate values of the total number of neural layers and parameters of GPT-1 to GPT-3.5 models (the number of neurons is not disclosed, and GPT-4 does not disclose relevant data):

Then, let’s look at the number of neurons and synapses in the human brain. In order to make the results more referential, besides humans, we also selected monkeys, dolphins, cats and ants. The specific results are as follows:

From the above analysis, we know that the neurons of the large model can be classified as human neurons, and the parameters of the large model can be classified as synapses of the human brain. But unfortunately, the big models in the industry rarely disclose the number of neurons, but generally disclose the size of parameters. Therefore, we compare the parameter scale of GPT series large models with the synaptic scale of human, monkey, dolphin and cat brains:

From the above table, it can be seen that the "intelligence" level of GPT-3.5 has fallen within the intelligence range of monkeys, which is 285.7-2857 times worse than that of human beings.

On the other hand, from the evolution speed of GPT itself, the parameter scale can be increased by two orders of magnitude in the first two iterations, but after GPT-3, the speed of parameter scale increase is greatly reduced. Assuming that the parameter scale of GPT will increase by five times in each iteration, after five iterations (the fifth power of five is 3125), that is, GPT-9, its "intelligence level" may catch up with human beings.

Of course, the above inference is only a simple model, and there is an assumption that the intelligence level is positively related to the size of synapses (parameters). But whether this hypothesis can be established needs a big question mark.

Compared with synapses, neurons are a better indicator of intelligence. Judging from the current situation, the information processing ability of the activation function of the large model is far weaker than that of human brain neurons. The activation function of large model neurons is relatively simple. For example, the neurons of Sigmoid activation function have a smooth S-shaped curve in the output range, which can realize tasks such as binary classification, and the neurons of ReLU activation function have nonlinear modified linear properties. Relatively speaking,The neuron of the human brain is a biological cell, and its information processing ability is definitely far beyond a simple mathematical function. Therefore, even if the number of neurons in the large model catches up with the level of the human brain and reaches hundreds of billions (the corresponding parameter scale exceeds 1000 trillion), its intelligence level cannot be compared with that of the human brain.

In addition, the neural network of the large model can be compared with the neural network of the human brain, but their implementation methods are completely different. The neural network of large model simulates the connection and information transmission between neurons through mathematical model, while the neural network of human brain is a complex structure composed of neurons, synapses and other biological elements. In addition,The connections between neurons in the neural network of human brain are very complicated, and they can freely establish, dismantle and adjust the connections, while the neural network of large model is set in advance.

At present, human beings are still relatively "safe". But let’s not forget,The size of neurons in the human brain is almost constant, while the size of neurons and parameters in the large model is increasing exponentially.According to this trend, it may be only a matter of time before the intelligence level of large models catches up with human beings.

Hinton, a great god in the field of artificial intelligence, said, "The development of general artificial intelligence is much faster than people think. Until recently, I thought it would take about 20-50 years for us to realize universal artificial intelligence. Now, the realization of general artificial intelligence may take 20 years or less. "

In the face of general artificial intelligence or even super artificial intelligence, human psychology is complex. On the one hand, it is hoped that there will be more intelligent systems to help mankind complete more work and liberate productive forces; On the other hand, I am afraid to open Pandora’s box and release a monster more terrible than nuclear weapons.

I hope that even if we create a "god", it will be a god full of love, not a god who regards human beings as ants!

Text: A misty rain/data ape

Shanxi Station, the network theme activity ＂Reading the Initial Mission here-Traveling in the Old Area of Network Media Revolution＂, was launched.

　　Cctv news(Reporter wanglili) On the morning of June 2, hosted by the Network Communication Bureau of the Central Network Information Office, and hosted by the Network Information Office of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee and China News Network, "Read the initial mission here — — The launching ceremony of the network theme activity (Shanxi Station) was held in the memorial hall of the former site of Taiyuan Branch of the Communist Party of China.

　　Wang Juan, deputy director of the Network Communication Bureau of the Central Network Information Office, Zhang Yu, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, Dong Xiaolin, director of the Network Information Office of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, Wu Qingcai, editor-in-chief of China News Network, and Yang Chengcheng, member of the Standing Committee of Taiyuan Municipal Committee, propaganda minister and deputy mayor, attended the event. Guo Jiangping, deputy director of the Network Information Office of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, presided over the launching ceremony.

　　At the launching ceremony, in order to let everyone know the red heritage of Shanxi more intuitively, Shanxi released a red landmark punch map. At the activity site, the revolutionary descendants told the story of their fathers’ red revolution, and two young pioneers recited "Young China’s Theory" in unison, giving a strong voice of the times.

　　Wang Juan said that organizing nationwide online media to go deep into the old revolutionary base areas in 10 provinces, such as Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan, is to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, carry forward and inherit the red culture, carry out party history study and education, show the glorious historical blood of the old revolutionary base areas, publicize the historical achievements made in the revitalization and development of the old revolutionary base areas and the vivid practice of winning the battle against poverty in an all-round way, and tell the story of the people in the old revolutionary base areas in a new era.

　　Wang Juan hopes that this activity can gather the national network media strength, discover the new changes in the old revolutionary base areas, reflect the people’s sense of gain and happiness in the old revolutionary base areas, adopt short video, graphic, animation, VR and other media-melting means, and carry out in-depth coverage in various forms in all media, so that micro-production can become a big publicity and positive energy can become a big flow.

　　Next, the delegation will go deep into the old revolutionary areas in Taiyuan, Lvliang and Changzhi. Step on the red footprint and show the achievements of the old revolutionary base areas in winning the battle against poverty and promoting rural revitalization and transformation and development.

Let historical documents ＂live＂ on campus. This ideological and political course is very informative.

Recently, the investigation team of folk historical documents from the School of Economics of Tianjin Normal University entered the Tianjin Tourism Foreign Affairs Vocational High School in Jinnan District, and brought the ideological and political practice class with the theme of "protecting memory and inheriting civilization" to the students of four classes.

In the class, the members of the investigation team showed the folk literature excavated from more than 130 villages in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei over the years, including the bridge-building tablets in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty, the commercial account books in Guangxu period, and the land contracts in the Republic of China. Members walked into the middle of the students and explained the story of rescuing these documents and the history behind them. Zhang Zhihe, a teacher led by the investigation team, said: "We hope that through the integrated ideological and political courses, including some exhibitions and community presentations, the folk historical documents we have studied can be’ alive’, and we can truly and practically come to our classmates and the masses, so that everyone can feel the history and culture together and inherit the history and culture." ?

Walking into the high school classroom with a wooden box of folk literature and materials, turning academic achievements into vivid teaching materials, this ideological and political lesson is both interesting and "informative". Student Yang Yaqi said: "This ideological and political course has a strong sense of participation. Through the teachers’ explanations, I not only felt the thickness of history, but also felt the temperature contained in it."

The integrated ideological and political course not only broadens students’ horizons, but also encourages the sharing of resources between schools and the reference of teaching methods. An Zhiquan, secretary of the Party Committee of Tianjin Tourism Foreign Affairs Vocational High School, said that he would actively explore and make use of inter-school cooperation to enhance the charm of the ideological and political class, guide students to understand the feelings of home and country from traditional culture, and establish a correct outlook on life and values.

Shen Teng, Mary, Xú Zhēng and Wu Ershan are all here! 10 new films in summer, who can be an explosion？

　Author: film and television weather vane

Last week, four blockbuster new films were announced one after another, including the comedy "Successor Plan" directed by Yan Fei and Peng Damo and starring Shen Teng and Mary. "Retrograde Life" directed by Xú Zhēng and starring Xú Zhēng and Xin Zhilei; Wu Ershan directed the blockbuster "Under the Alien"; The Wild Child, directed by Yin Ruoxin and starring Karry.

Summer movie is one of the most important movies in mainland China every year. Although the short-term explosive power of box office is not as good as that of Spring Festival movie or even National Day movie, because it lasts for three months, the box office capacity exceeds all other movies.

Last summer, driven by a number of explosive films, such as "Put All Your Eggs", "Disappeared She", "Goddess of God Part I", "In an octagonal cage" and "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an", the box office reached 20.62 billion yuan, a record high in the film history of China in the same period.

Among these four blockbuster new films, the comedy The Successor Plan, directed by Yan Fei and Peng Damo and starring Shen Teng and Mary, is the most anticipated by the general audience. On June 15th, the film released a finalized poster and announced that it would be released nationwide on July 18th.

Moreover, this film is also the third comedy feature film jointly directed by Yan Fei and Peng Damo following the great success of goodbye mr. loser and The Richest Man in Xihong City. In addition, they also directed the "Liang Ma" unit in the film My People My Homeland, and co-produced the comedy "The Killer is Not Too Cold".

It is worth mentioning that the films jointly directed, supervised or co-directed by these two outstanding young comedy directors have never failed at the box office so far. This time, the "successor plan" hopes to maintain the previous level and bring joy to the national audience.

On June 12th, directed by Xú Zhēng, starring Xú Zhēng and Xin Zhilei, starring Lawrence Wang, especially starring Jia Bing, starring Feng Bing, Wu Jiakai, Mikan Ryu, Ding Yongdai, Ding Jiali and Chen Halin, Huang Xiaolei’s new realistic work "Retrograde Life" was officially released on August 9th.

On the other hand, in the Internet age, the delivery man has become the "most familiar stranger" in the daily life of people all over the country, especially young people, and is closely related to the lives of hundreds of millions of people. However, there are few film and television works focusing on them. What kind of story does "Retrograde Life" tell, which is both curious and expected.

On June 13th, the fantasy action blockbuster "Under the Aliens" directed by Wu Ershan was officially released on July 26th. The film was written by Wu Ershan, wanglili and Sun Jiayu, and starred by Hu Xianxu, Vanda Lee, William Feng, Qiao Zhenyu, Song Ningfeng, Na Ran, Na Naxi, Lanxi, Xiong Wenwen, Wu Jiakai and Wang Jinsong.

The drama Wild Child, which was announced on June 15th, received less attention than the first three films. It was directed by Yin Ruoxin, director of My Sister, written by Xu Yizhou, starring Karry, and starring Deng Jiajia, Chen Yongsheng and Pan Binlong.

Among the films that have been announced before, the editorial department of Movie and Television Vane is optimistic about the box office potential of four films: There is a canteen by the cloud, Legend, Daddy Thief 4 and White Snake: Floating Life.

On June 22nd, There’s a Snack Shop by the Cloud was written and directed by Zhang Jiajia, starring Peng Yuchang, Zhou Ye, Ai Liya, Chen Xianen, Kong Lianshun and Zhang Yifan, and adapted from Zhang Jiajia’s novel of the same name.

The film has a high degree of attention, and the number of people who want to see it exceeds 500,000. It is the film with the largest number of people who want to see it in the summer file so far. In 2016, the film Passing Through Your World, directed by Zhang Yibai and adapted from Zhang Jiajia’s novel of the same name, took 813 million yuan at the box office.

The uncertainty of There’s a Canteen by the Cloud was directed by Zhang Jiajia himself. Zhang Jiajia’s "The Ferry Man" has a bad reputation. Can he break through himself and be a good director this time?

The fantasy adventure action film Legend, which was released on July 12th, was directed and written by Tang Jili, starring Jackie Chan, LAY, Naza and Aarif Lee, especially starring Jerry Lee, specially starring Peng Xiaoran, starring Dou Xiaoyou, and especially starring Zheng Yecheng. It tells the story that Professor Chen, played by Jackie Chan, led an expedition to the glacier temple to explore the truth in his dream.

In recent years, almost every summer, explosive animated films have emerged. In this summer’s file, the editorial department of Movie and Television Vane is most optimistic about two Chinese and foreign cartoons, White Snake: A Floating Life and Daddy Thief 4.

White Snake: A Floating Life, which was released on August 10th, was produced by light-chasing animation, directed by Chen Jianxi and Li Jiakai, and written by Wei Wang. It is the third part of the series of White Snake. The story follows the end of White Snake: The Origin, and tells the story that after Xiao Bai and Xiao Qing find the reincarnation of A Xuan, Xiao Bai and Xu Xian finally become husband and wife, but Fa Hai wants to stop them from being together.

Daddy Thief 4, which was released on July 12th, is a sequel to Hollywood animation IP, which is popular among China audiences. The first three movies are better than the last one. In July 2017, the box office of "Stealing Daddy 3" was as high as 1.037 billion yuan.

In addition, the gangster film Customs Front (released on July 5) directed by Qiu Litao and starring Jacky Cheung and Nicholas Tse, the domestic cartoon Deep Sea Dragon of Erlang God (released on July 13), and the Hollywood cartoon Brain Task Force 2 (released on June 21) can also be concerned.

In addition, there are two major domestic films that have attracted much attention, which are expected to be released in the summer file, namely "Jiang Yuan Nong" and "Decryption".

Directed by Chen Kexin, written by Shi Ling, Jiang Feng and Shang Yang, starring Zhang Ziyi, Eric Wang, Jackson Yee and Mei Ting, The Lane in the Soy Sauce Garden tells the story of Zhan Zhoushi in Xinchang Road, Shanghai, who killed her husband Zhan Yunying with a knife and dismembered her body after years of abuse.

It has been recognized that Eric Wang is a good actor. Jackson Yee is a hot young idol and powerful star in recent years. Mei Ting’s face value and acting skills are impeccable. This theme and the main lineup make the film attract much attention.

"Decryption" is based on the novel of the same name by the famous writer Mai Jia, directed by Chen Sicheng, written by Chen Sicheng and Christopher MacBride, starring Haoran Liu, Daniel Wu and Chen Daoming, and tells the story of a mathematical genius cracking the password.

For the mainland film market in China, the annual box office performance of summer movies is very important. I look forward to the early emergence of explosive films in this summer’s summer file, which will help the national box office to by going up one flight of stairs on the basis of last year.