标签： 广州约茶

Self-cooking pots and sea bottom fishermen are ＂self-heating＂, so don’t ignite ＂hidden thunder＂ when burning themselves.

Editor’s Note: This article is from WeChat WeChat official account "Whale Merchant" (ID:bizwhale), by Wang Xiaoxuan, published by 36Kr with authorization.

Not long ago, the brand of cutting-edge consumer goods announced that it had completed the C++ round of financing within three years, with an amount exceeding 100 million yuan. This company, established in 2018, took only two years with sales exceeding 1 billion.

In recent years, the self-heating hot pot tide spawned by the "one-person food" single economy has caused brands such as Haidilao, Xiaolongkan and Kaixiaozao to flood in. After instant noodles, self-heating hot pot has been promoted to "a must-have for hoarding goods".

When the self-heating hot pot has become a "good heart" for young people and migrant workers, the instant food industry is also welcoming the category explosion, but the self-heating "evergreen style" seems to be turning into a "problem style", and the problems of safety and environmental protection have not only become the shortcomings of the brand, but also restricted the development of the industry.

The road to breaking the game is imminent.

Self-heating hot pot started in Wechat business in 2015. After nearly five years of development, it has gradually developed from online celebrity food to a popular self-heating fast food. From 2015 to 2019, the scale of China’s self-heating hot pot market rose from 233 million to 5.5 billion, and it is estimated that the market scale will reach 7 billion in 2020.

In fact, the technical barrier of self-heating chafing dish is not high, and its principle is the "heating method" in middle school chemistry textbooks. The aluminum powder, activated carbon, sodium bicarbonate and other substances in the heating bag react with the primary battery, which will release a lot of heat and sometimes release flammable gases such as hydrogen.

This food heating technology first appeared in the 1960s. At that time, in Belgium and the Netherlands, people had begun to use quicklime and water as a heating agent to heat mashed potatoes.

In the United States in the 1970s, it was inevitable that the army could not use naked fire to cook food because of bad weather or special strategic needs when performing tasks in the wild. In this case, more convenient self-heating technology came in handy. As military supplies, this is also the first industrial application of food self-heating technology, which was called "hot food of field rations" at that time.

The category of self-heating hot pot should start from 2015. At that time, the self-heating hot pot industry in China rose quietly, and only a few self-heating hot pot brands sold self-heating hot pot products through Wechat business channels, so the market popularity was low and the scale was difficult to expand.

Wechat business’s brand voice is low, the market cultivation degree is low, and it does not have its own production ability, the product quality control is not strict enough, and the user’s mind of self-heating hot pot has not yet been established. Only a small number of consumers know the existence of self-heating hot pot, which leads to the small market demand of self-heating hot pot and the inability to expand production.

From 2017 to 2018, at the moment when the brand of Wechat business was just emerging, many offline chain hot pot brands joined the track one after another, including Haidilao, Xiaolongkan, Dezhuang and Kaixiaozao. They have independent production, processing capacity, restaurant channels, control the taste and taste of hot pot ingredients, and have a natural customer base.

Taking Haidilao as an example, the launch of self-heating hot pot this time is another attempt of the brand in take-out. Before, the take-out of this kind of hot pot brand was always expensive, and it didn’t keep fresh and keep warm. Compared with hot pot take-out, self-heating hot pot has improved in presentation, product heating and heat preservation, and it has become a new product popular with consumers for a time.

Subsequently, they seized the opportunity to promote it through celebrity endorsements, pre-screening advertisements in cinemas and TV drama advertisements. At the same time, they settled in online channels such as Tmall, Taobao and JD.COM, and offline store channels such as convenience stores and supermarkets to further expand their customer base.

From left to right, there are Haidilao self-heating hot pot, Dezhuang self-heating hot pot and Xiaolongkan self-heating hot pot.

Zeng Yongxiong, vice president of Dezhuang Group, once recalled the madness of his peers. "At the Chongqing Hot Pot Festival in November 2017, I saw that almost all the participating hot pot brands launched self-heating hot pots."

However, these chain hot pot brands do not have the experience of making fast-moving consumer goods, and their ability to promote products and develop channels is not good. After 2018, the orders of many bottom factories, vegetable yards and meat factories fell rapidly, and small brands were eliminated one after another, which gave the opportunity of "latecomers".

Major food brands follow the trend. In 2017, Mo Xiaoxian took the lead on the stage of self-heating hot pot, and the price was 10-20 yuan, which was half cheaper than Haidilao’s 36.9 yuan, taking the route of small profits but quick turnover.

Coincidentally, Cai Hongliang, the founder of Baicaowei, made a comeback in the following year, and entered the self-heating hot pot camp to create a brand "self-hi pot", with prices ranging from 10 yuan to 30 yuan. On the day of "double 11" in 2018, the sales volume of self-heating chafing dish in the whole network exceeded 4.5 million copies, which was more than doubled year-on-year. Since then, the self-heating chafing dish industry has entered a stage of rapid development.　　

According to the third-party data, in June 2020, the market share of Haidilao and Zihaiguo reached 13.12% and 11.27% respectively, except Mo Xiaoxian, which reached 9.83%, all other brands were around 5% or below.

Among them, the development of self-shabu-shabu is particularly rapid. In 2018, the flagship store of self-shabu-shabu Tmall was launched, and the sales volume of single products became the first in 24 hours, reaching 100 million in the third quarter. In 2019, the overall marketing volume exceeded 500 million, and the turnover in the first half of 2020 exceeded 600 million.

Behind these beautiful figures, it is the credit of self-defeating marketing.

At first, Kenny Lin was invited to promote the advantages of the product with sufficient weight and good taste on social platforms such as Weibo and live broadcast, and humorous product advertisements were filmed for the promotion. A large number of stars filmed videos of eating the pot, attracting a large number of consumers to imitate and buy the hot pot products.

After the red-hot pot was ushered in, it quickly spent hundreds of millions of yuan to put creative pre-screening advertisements in major cinemas, such as Wanda, Dadi, China Film and other well-known cinemas, to stimulate consumers’ desire to buy through advertising videos, and to drive the sales growth of the pot products.

Open a small stove similar to a self-contained pot, boarded Tmall in December 2019, and became the 618 category TOP 1 in half a year; During the period of double 11 in 2020, more than 130,000 sets of products launched by the brand were all sold out in one minute, and the brand also won the TOP1 category of self-heating rice in double 11. Later, Sean Xiao, a popular star, was invited to be the spokesperson for Kaixiaozao, who was well versed in fan economy, to highlight the brand personality and youthful image.

Film and television dramas are also one of the ways to promote the brand of self-heating hot pot. In the TV series "School of Youth", the protagonist Lin Miaomiao has been allowed to enjoy eating self-cooking pots many times. With the rapid popularity of film and television dramas such as "School of Youth" and "Eye of the Storm", a large number of consumers began to buy self-cooking pots to taste.

After a set of marketing combination boxing, Zigui Pot enhanced the brand awareness, and the sales volume rose sharply. It won the first place in the same category of Tmall JD.COM on the day of "618" in 2018, the first place in the same category of "Double Eleven" in 2018, and the TOP1 brand of MAT2020 instant food sales.　

Excerpted from CBNData《2021 Insight Report on Instant Food Industry "

Mo Xiaoxian, one of the competing products of the pot, is also based on TV dramas and variety shows, and at the same time, new media such as live broadcasts and short videos are arranged. The brand also sponsored Mango TV "Daughters’ Love 2" and implanted the brand in 10 TV series. In terms of new media, Mo Xiaoxian cooperated with KOL on mainstream social media such as Weibo, Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, bilibili, Today’s Headline, Xiaohongshu, WeChat WeChat official account, etc., and shared grass in matrix.

Among these brands, Mo Xiaoxian and Xiao Zao are all online and offline, and only the early self-cooking pot is a pure online brand, grasping the in-station traffic of mainstream e-commerce channels such as Tmall and JD.COM. After November 2018, it was only after the shabu-shabu that it entered the offline channel, and 80% of the cities distributed goods online, seeking the second growth pole.

In fact, offline channels have also brought considerable achievements to the pot. It is reported that in 2019, the overall sales of self-cooking pots, which were only established for two years, exceeded 500 million yuan, of which 70% came from offline dealers. Recently, the new brand "Xiaoqi Kitchen", which is a high-profile brand, mainly consists of various condiments such as stir-fry sauce and bibimbap sauce, and obviously needs to expand the category boundary.

In October, 2020, Zigui Pot began to set up an offline store named "Zigui Pot Hot Pot Clay Pot Rice" in Hangzhou, Shanghai and other places, mainly engaged in clay pot rice with ingredients from Zigui Pot. There are more than 30 kinds of dishes in the store, and the per capita consumption is around 30 yuan. This attempt to enter the offline store from the pot is not only to enhance the brand communication, but also to try to find new performance explosion points.

In terms of categories, the older the players of self-heating hot pot, and the capital support, the brand realizes that "hot pot" is not daily enough, and category innovation is needed to cater to the taste buds of different consumers and the needs of different consumption scenarios.　

Self-cooking pot opens a mesh matrix product innovation, expanding many categories such as clay pot rice, bento, vermicelli, zongzi, and hundreds of SKUs, covering self-heating, brewing, quick cooking, ready-to-eat and other ways of use. Among them, "self-heated rice" has become the "new standard" for young people.　

Its brand has also launched a series of sub-brands of self-heating snail powder and boiled noodles-"Picture", in which "Picture" can be eaten after boiled in cold water. The products include Chinese bagged noodles, Chinese boxed noodles, Chinese barreled noodles and Japanese barreled noodles.　

Kaixiaozao and Sanjiu Weitai jointly launched the "Angelica Pork Belly Chicken" self-heating rice, which made the self-heating products that consumers always thought were "unhealthy" look healthier. Some consumers even added raw eggs, vegetables and other ingredients to the self-heating rice, which not only ensured nutrition, but also enhanced the fun of "cooking".

These "routines" make the self-heating hot pot brand quickly start to become a leader in the industry. However, the accompanying security questions have never stopped, and even become more obvious.

On the black cat complaint platform, there are 141 complaints about the self-help cooker and 30 complaints about Mo Xiaoxian. More than 40 complaints are about the self-help cooker eating foreign bodies such as hair, sand and insects. There are also many complaints about damaged heating packages and false propaganda.　

It can be seen that the problem of unclean ingredients in self-heating hot pot is not uncommon. Its dishes are similar to hot pot, with lunch meat, vermicelli, lotus root, fish balls and other foods as the main ingredients, and basically do not use green vegetables that can not be preserved. However, this kind of nutrition is not balanced, and high salt, oil and fat have become the labels of self-heating hot pot, and its oil and salt content generally exceeds the recommended intake of China Nutrition Society.

According to Zhu Danpeng, a food industry analyst in China, the rapid development of self-heating food driven by the epidemic situation is a phased dividend. In the future, with the gradual deepening of the "home economy", there will be a certain market for this kind of food. However, at present, the self-heating food industry still lacks relevant national standards, and food enterprises need to ensure good quality. This kind of online celebrity products have a long way to go if they want to stay popular.

The State Council has also issued a number of convenience food-related policies in terms of food safety and technological upgrading, in order to facilitate a healthy competitive environment in the food industry, unify industry standards and accelerate the steady development of the industry.　

Excerpted from CBNData《2021 Insight Report on Instant Food Industry "

In addition to the safety and hygiene of ingredients, consumers are more concerned about the safety problems in the heating process, such as whether the lime bag will explode, burn and endanger personal safety. This concern is not out of nothing, and similar adverse safety incidents have occurred many times, and consumer complaints are also increasing.

Although the package of self-heating hot pot is written in bold red letters "No eating, no hot water and no naked flame", there are still many safety problems of self-heating hot pot every year.

Firefighters conducted an experiment on National Fire Safety Day in 2020. You can see four security risks.

First, if the steam port of the self-heating hot pot is blocked, an explosion may occur. In fact, even if the steam port is not blocked, because it is heated to a high temperature in a short time, the steam released will be sprayed on people, which may also lead to burns.　

Second, the sudden warming of the lower surface of the self-heating hot pot will lead to the sudden warming of the placed desktop. If the table top material is not malleable (such as ceramics or glass), local overheating may lead to cracking. And if the desktop is not heat-resistant, it may be burnt-although it does not cause harm, it is not worth damaging the furniture.

Third, the contents of the heating bag itself are dangerous goods. Calcium lime in a self-heating bag can be regarded as "inflammable and explosive dangerous goods" with iron powder and aluminum powder.　

Fourth, we should also consider the environmental impact. After the hot pot is heated, quicklime becomes hydrated lime, which is very corrosive. Throwing a considerable amount of hydrated lime into the environment will have a great impact on the disposal site. In food production, the waste with high acidity and alkalinity cannot be directly discarded or discharged, while the garbage from self-heating chafing dish can be regarded as "harmful waste".

As the head brand of self-heating food industry, self-cooking pot began to build automation technology factories in order to change the above situation, and 10 factories were built in three months, totaling 450,000 square meters.

Self-cooking pot and Chongqing Institute of Quality and Standardization also participated in drafting the group standards of Self-heating Instant Food and Heating Package for Food, which led the self-heating food industry to a higher standard with self-discipline.

In order to reduce costs and improve production efficiency, Zihiguo has built a 30,000-square-meter taste center in Chongqing, and built intelligent factories in Henan, Jiangsu and other 10 places, adding automatic assembly lines, which greatly increased production capacity and released two-thirds of the labor force. Make products more attractive in price by saving costs.

In terms of packaging, Zigui Pot gradually gave up plastic packaging, and invested a lot of human and financial resources to develop and more environmentally friendly packaging products. In the past, the commonly used red and black plastic packaging boxes have been changed from self-cooking pots to more environmentally friendly ones, and the sugarcane paper outer boxes made of national environmental protection materials can be directly degraded, which is more environmentally friendly and safe. The silvery-looking self-cooking lunch box can also be waterproof and oil-proof, and can also be cooked at high temperature, making it more convenient to use.

Nowadays, more and more brands have joined in the battlefield of self-heating food, and the head player such as self-cooking pot can only make haste to avoid frequent hidden dangers such as food safety, so as to continue to "hey" on this road.

Provisions on the administration of safety production license of construction enterprises

Order of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of Construction

No.128

　　The "Regulations" on the administration of safety production license of construction enterprises have been discussed and passed at the 37th executive meeting of the Ministry on June 29, 2004, and are hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.　

Minister Wang Guangtao

July 5, 2004

Provisions on the administration of safety production license of construction enterprises

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strictly regulate the safety production conditions of construction enterprises, further strengthen the supervision and management of safety production, and prevent and reduce production safety accidents, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Regulations on Safety Production License, the Regulations on Safety Production Management of Construction Projects and other relevant administrative regulations.

　　Article 2 The State implements a safety production license system for construction enterprises.

　　A construction enterprise shall not engage in construction activities without obtaining a safety production license.

　　The term "construction enterprises" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to enterprises engaged in civil engineering, construction engineering, installation of lines, pipelines and equipment, and the construction, expansion, reconstruction and demolition of decoration projects.

　　Article 3 The competent construction department of the State Council is responsible for the issuance and management of safety production licenses for construction enterprises under the central management.

　　The competent construction departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the issuance and management of safety production licenses for construction enterprises other than those specified in the preceding paragraph within their respective administrative areas, and accept the guidance and supervision of the competent construction departments of the State Council.

　　The construction administrative department of the people’s government of the city or county shall be responsible for the supervision and management of the safety production license of construction enterprises within their respective administrative areas, and shall report the illegal acts of enterprises found in the supervision and inspection to the administrative organ for issuing safety production licenses in a timely manner.

Chapter II Conditions for Safe Production

　　Article 4 To obtain a safety production license, a construction enterprise shall meet the following conditions for safety production:

　　(a) establish and improve the responsibility system for production safety, and formulate complete rules and regulations and operating procedures for production safety;

　　(two) the investment of funds needed to ensure the safe production conditions of the unit;

　　(three) the establishment of safety management institutions, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state with full-time safety management personnel;

　　(four) the main person in charge, the person in charge of the project, and the full-time safety production management personnel have passed the examination by the competent construction department or other relevant departments;

　　(five) special operations personnel have passed the examination by the relevant competent departments and obtained the qualification certificate for special operations;

　　(six) management personnel and operating personnel at least once a year to carry out safety education and training and pass the examination;

　　(seven) to participate in work-related injury insurance in accordance with the law, to handle accidental injury insurance for personnel engaged in dangerous operations on the construction site in accordance with the law, and to pay insurance premiums for employees;

　　(eight) the office, living area and workplace of the construction site and the safety protection appliances, machinery and equipment, construction machines and accessories meet the requirements of relevant laws, regulations, standards and regulations on safety in production;

　　(nine) there are measures for the prevention and control of occupational hazards, and the operators are equipped with safety protective equipment and safety protective clothing that meet the national standards or industry standards;

　　(ten) there are preventive and monitoring measures and emergency plans for the parts and links that are prone to major accidents in the dangerous partial projects and construction sites;

　　(eleven) there are emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents, emergency rescue organizations or emergency rescue personnel, equipped with necessary emergency rescue equipment and equipment;

　　(twelve) other conditions stipulated by laws and regulations.

Chapter III Application and Issuance of Safety Production License

　　Article 5 Before engaging in construction activities, a construction enterprise shall apply to the competent construction department at or above the provincial level for a safety production license in accordance with these Provisions.

　　Construction enterprises (group companies and head offices) under the central management shall apply to the competent construction department of the State Council for a safety production license.

　　Other construction enterprises other than those specified in the preceding paragraph, including those under the central management of construction enterprises (group companies and head offices), shall apply to the competent construction departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government where the enterprises are registered to obtain safety production licenses.

　　Article 6 When applying for a safety production license, a construction enterprise shall provide the following materials to the competent construction department:

　　(a) the application form for the safety production license of the construction enterprise;

　　(2) Business license of enterprise as a legal person;

　　(3) Relevant documents and materials as stipulated in Article 4.

　　When applying for a safety production license, a construction enterprise shall be responsible for the authenticity of the substantive contents of the application materials, and shall not conceal relevant information or provide false materials.

　　Seventh construction departments shall complete the examination within 45 days from the date of accepting the application of construction enterprises; If it meets the conditions for safe production after examination, a safety production license shall be issued; Do not meet the conditions for safe production, shall not issue a safety production license, notify the enterprise in writing and explain the reasons. The enterprise shall carry out rectification from the date of receiving the notice, and can apply again after the rectification is qualified.

　　The competent department of construction may solicit the opinions of the relevant departments of railway, transportation and water conservancy when examining the application for safety production license of construction enterprises, which involves relevant professional projects such as railway, transportation and water conservancy.

　　Article 8 The validity period of the safety production license is 3 years. If the expiration of the safety production license needs to be extended, the enterprise shall apply to the original safety production license issuing management authority for extension three months before the expiration.

　　During the period of validity of the safety production license, the enterprise strictly abides by the relevant laws and regulations on safety production. If there is no fatal accident, when the safety production license expires, it will not be reviewed with the consent of the original safety production license issuing management authority, and the validity period of the safety production license will be extended for 3 years.

　　Article 9 If a construction enterprise changes its name, address, legal representative, etc., it shall, within 10 days after the change, go through the formalities for changing the safety production license at the original safety production license issuing authority.

　　Article 10 Where a construction enterprise goes bankrupt, closes down or is cancelled, it shall return the safety production license to the original safety production license issuing authority for cancellation.

　　Article 11 If a construction enterprise loses its safety production license, it shall immediately report to the original safety production license issuing authority and declare it invalid in the public media before applying for a replacement.

　　Article 12 The application form for safety production license shall adopt the unified style stipulated by the Ministry of Construction.

　　The safety production license adopts the unified style stipulated by the safety production supervision and management department of the State Council.

　　The safety production license is divided into original and duplicate, which have the same legal effect.

Chapter IV Supervision and Administration

　　Thirteenth people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the supervision and management of the safety production license of construction enterprises. When examining and issuing construction permits, the competent construction department shall examine whether the identified construction enterprises have safety production licenses, and shall not issue construction licenses if they have not obtained safety production licenses.

　　Article 14 If a construction enterprise engaging in construction activities across provinces violates these provisions, the competent construction department of the provincial people’s government where the project is located shall copy the illegal facts, treatment results and treatment suggestions of the construction enterprise in the local area to the original safety production license issuing and management authority.

　　Fifteenth construction enterprises shall not reduce the conditions for safe production after obtaining the safety production license, and shall strengthen the daily safety production management and accept the supervision and inspection of the competent construction department. Where the administrative organ issuing the safety production license finds that the enterprise no longer meets the conditions for safety production, it shall temporarily suspend or revoke the safety production license.

　　Article 16 The administrative organ for issuing safety production licenses or its superior administrative organ may revoke the issued safety production licenses if it finds any of the following circumstances:

　　(a) the staff of the administrative organ for the issuance of safety production licenses abuse their powers and neglect their duties to issue safety production licenses;

　　(two) beyond the statutory authority to issue a safety production license;

　　(3) Issuing a safety production license in violation of legal procedures;

　　(four) the issuance of safety production licenses to construction enterprises that do not have the conditions for safe production;

　　(five) other circumstances in which the issued safety production license can be revoked according to law.

　　If the safety production license is revoked in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and the legitimate rights and interests of the construction enterprise are damaged, the competent construction department shall make compensation according to law.

　　Article 17 The administrative organ for issuing safety production licenses shall establish and improve the archives management system of safety production licenses, regularly announce to the public the situation of enterprises obtaining safety production licenses, and report the issuance and management of safety production licenses of construction enterprises to the safety production supervision and management departments at the same level every year.

　　Article 18 Construction enterprises shall not transfer, falsely use or use forged safety production licenses.

　　Article 19 In the issuance, management, supervision and inspection of the safety production license, the staff of the competent construction department shall not ask for or accept the property of the construction enterprise, nor seek other benefits.

　　Twentieth any unit or individual in violation of the provisions of the act, have the right to report to the safety production license issuing management organ or the supervisory organ and other relevant departments.

Chapter v penalties

　　Twenty-first in violation of the provisions, the construction department staff has one of the following acts, given administrative sanctions of demotion or dismissal; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

　　(1) Issuing a safety production license to a construction enterprise that does not meet the conditions for safe production;

　　(two) found that the construction enterprise engaged in construction activities without obtaining the safety production license according to law, and did not deal with it according to law;

　　(three) it is found that the construction enterprise that has obtained the safety production license no longer has the conditions for safe production and does not deal with it according to law;

　　(four) after receiving the report of the violation of these provisions, it is not handled in time;

　　(five) in the issuance, management, supervision and inspection of safety production licenses, soliciting or accepting the property of construction enterprises, or seeking other benefits.

　　Due to the construction enterprise fraud, resulting in the preceding paragraph (a) behavior, the construction department staff will not be punished.

　　Twenty-second construction enterprises that have obtained the safety production license shall temporarily suspend the safety production license and make rectification within a time limit in case of major safety accidents.

　　Twenty-third construction enterprises no longer have the conditions for safe production, temporarily suspend the safety production license and make rectification within a time limit; If the circumstances are serious, the safety production license shall be revoked.

　　Twenty-fourth in violation of the provisions, construction enterprises engaged in construction activities without obtaining a safety production license, shall be ordered to stop the construction of the project under construction, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of 100 thousand yuan to 500 thousand yuan; If a serious safety accident or other serious consequences are caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 25 Whoever, in violation of these regulations, continues to engage in construction activities without going through the extension formalities upon the expiration of the safety production license, shall be ordered to stop the construction of the project under construction, complete the extension formalities within a time limit, confiscate the illegal income and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan; Those who fail to go through the extension formalities within the time limit and continue to engage in construction activities shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of these Provisions.

　　Twenty-sixth in violation of the provisions of this regulation, the construction enterprise transfers the safety production license, confiscate the illegal income, impose a fine of 100 thousand yuan and 500 thousand yuan, and revoke the safety production license; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law; Those who accept the transfer shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of these Provisions.

　　Whoever fraudulently uses a safety production license or uses a forged safety production license shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of these Provisions.

　　Twenty-seventh in violation of the provisions of this regulation, the construction enterprise conceals the relevant information or provides false materials to apply for a safety production license, which shall not be accepted or issued, and shall be given a warning, and shall not apply for a safety production license within one year.

　　If a construction enterprise obtains a safety production license by cheating, bribery or other improper means, it shall revoke the safety production license and may not apply for a safety production license again within 3 years; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Twenty-eighth the provisions of the administrative punishment of withholding or revoking the safety production license shall be decided by the administrative organ issuing the safety production license; Other administrative penalties shall be decided by the competent construction department of the local people’s government at or above the county level.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

　　Twenty-ninth construction enterprises that have been engaged in construction activities according to law before the implementation of these Provisions shall apply to the competent construction department for the safety production license of construction enterprises within one year from the date of implementation of the Regulations on Safety Production License (from January 13, 2004); Those who fail to apply for a safety production license within the time limit, or who fail to meet the safety production conditions stipulated in these Provisions after examination, and continue to carry out construction activities without obtaining a safety production license, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of these Provisions.

　　Thirtieth the provisions shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Interview with Chen Kun： Hotpot is another life in my parallel world.

??Special feature of 1905 film network Chen Kun in the room speaks Chongqing dialect, rides a motorcycle, puts a cigarette on his ear, and sits on a plastic stool to eat hot pot, which is so grounded. Although the little people in the great era staged a black humor full of coincidence, they also let the audience see the unpredictable and hopeless survival dilemma of ordinary people. Chen Kun admits that it is more difficult to interpret such a small person with realistic theme than his previous roles which are far away from life.

Although far away from the personable Jin Yanxi, the wild and evil "factory flower", the fairy-tale Zhong Kui and the mysterious Hu Bayi, Chen Kun’s transformation in "Hot Pot Hero" will not make the audience feel disobedient, which he attributed to the fact that he had seen people like Liu Bo when he was a child.

Chen Kun thinks that he and Liu Bo have many similarities: if he didn’t leave Beijing at the age of seventeen, he might have a high school education, lived with his mother in Chongqing, and did something petty for his life. The difference is that Chen Kun withdrew from the crowded and lengthy road and embarked on another road. Most teenagers did not have the courage to do so, but were caught in the torrent of youth, perhaps … … Open a hot pot restaurant with old classmates. He said these words countless times in the propaganda, but once again, talking about those scenes in the movie that coincide with childhood memories, Chen Kun still had tears in his eyes. He said that Liu Bo is another me in the parallel world.

In order to play this role well, Chen Kun sacrificed her face value, gained weight with her modeling, and didn’t wash her face. She was also injured when she was slapping and playing, and fell to the ground for two or three hours. Speaking of these, Chen Kun downplayed, "I don’t think there is any problem with being injured. I always feel that I have gained more than this." In recent years, Chen Kun, who gradually reduced his workload, said that he "didn’t want to make too much effort" and wanted to spend time on preparation and thinking. When asked why, Chen Kun said with a smile, "I think we should pay attention to taking one, unless it is especially poor, it will lower the standard a little, but it is ok now."

The following is an interview record:

1905 Movie Network: As a Chongqing native, do you still need to prepare for such a story that happened in Chongqing?

Chen Kun:This time I did shoot in my hometown. Except for the language, I have to spend more time thinking about it. This role is very difficult for me. Before, I played roles that were far away from our lives, such as Hu Bayi. Everyone didn’t know who Hu Bayi was. Although the book was well written, he was not with us. I really haven’t tried to play a realistic theme for a long time, and I am a nobody at the bottom, so this time it is relatively more difficult for me. There are several helpers, such as filming in my hometown. I can speak my hometown dialect when I was a child, which gives me some help and confidence. In fact, I feel more nervous from the perspective of creation than other roles. We have been actors for a long time, and we are always taken care of in Beijing, which is getting farther and farther away from the life level, but fortunately, I seem to have seen a lot of this role when I was a child.

1905 Movie Network: What clips in the film make you feel as if you have seen Liu Bo?

Chen Kun:In the movie, I knew that our house was on fire, and my mother kept hitting me, so I pushed them away and said my grandfather. I have a special feeling about that scene, because I remember that when I was a child, I grew up with my grandmother. Once I came home from school and heard my neighbor say that my grandmother had fallen, I ran over and there were many people around. At that time, I tried my best to pull people away and rushed in. When I saw that my grandmother was not particularly big, I cried directly. The filming of that scene was my childhood memory.

One week later, after filming our first scene, I returned to the downtown area for the second scene. I watched people walking in the street. While waiting for filming, I suddenly realized that I knew this city so well, and if I hadn’t left Chongqing for Beijing at the age of seventeen or eight, I would have been Liu Bo. Liu Bo is a single-parent family, living with my mother and grandfather. My mother is a laid-off worker, and so was I when I was a child. At that time, many people around me were laid off, and the children might stop studying in universities and junior colleges, so they dropped out of school early and entered the society to earn money to support their families. This is the case in Liu Bo, but so was I, except that I came to Beijing from Chongqing to start another life. I cried directly in the street that day, and I cry now. Liu Bo is a bit like me. If I don’t leave, I will be like myself in a parallel world.

1905 Movie Network: Is there any deliberate gain in shape?

Chen Kun:I gained weight, and I didn’t wash my face very much during that time. I tried my best to cooperate in styling and eat more to make my stomach fatter.

1905 Movie Network: I heard that you filmed a scene of eating hot pot for a long time. Can you tell me something about the situation at that time?　

Chen Kun:It took eight days. It was filmed on the first day, and everyone was running in. Through that scene, they found their own feelings of the characters. Because there was no performance before and after, they played that scene in the middle, so everyone needed more time to run in. The second reason is that this scene is very difficult and subtle. The third is because we also like to shoot longer, and we have hot pot to eat every day, from 9: 00 in the morning to the evening.

1905 Movie Network: You were "fancy-beaten" in the film. Did you get hurt while filming?

Chen Kun:Injuries are relatively normal, they are not particularly big, just twisting and falling. When I fell off the motorcycle, the motorcycle flew forward, and I was pulled back. When I fell, I just lay there and couldn’t get up. I was so shocked that I lay down for at least 20 minutes, and then I couldn’t slow down for two or three hours. But I think this kind of injury is normal, and the actors are relatively happy, especially me. I am very lucky. Now that a famous and rich person has got a favorite role, you haven’t done it seriously. It’s normal to get a little injury. You can’t get everything while lying down. I don’t feel anything wrong at all, including playing Hu Bayi. I don’t think there is any problem with being injured. I always feel that I get more than me.

1905 Movie Network: In the film, you have an emotional scene with Bai Baihe. How does it feel to partner with her?

Chen Kun:I have a particularly deep impression on Bai Baihe, who can accurately express many difficult plays and is very fresh. She is particularly delicate in dealing with emotional scenes. We have a scene in which she fights wits with robbers, and that line and micro-expression are particularly good. Sometimes it’s very important to shoot a play. Her husband is also a good friend of mine. Her children went to the same school as mine. It’s very interesting. I have many topics with her and I like her personality. It’s simple and true, and I don’t hide it.

1905 Movie Network: Before, you said that you would make movies with magical themes within a certain period of time. What’s the new direction now?

Chen Kun:Well, it’s time, and then I want to calm down and think again, feel and try other roles, but other roles need ability to match, and I’m preparing now. It was less than July when I finished filming "Hot Pot Hero". So far, I haven’t filmed, and I have been preparing. People in my team said I wouldn’t film. I said I’d prepare again. I think we should pay attention to filming one. Unless we are particularly out of money, we will lower the standard a little, but it’s ok now.

1905 Movie Network: So what are your criteria for accepting the play now?

Chen Kun:Movies have their own destiny, in fact, everyone has their own destiny, and our acting career also has their own destiny. It may be helpful to make too much effort, but I am lazy and I believe in fate. It’s like "Hot Pot Hero" directed by Qing Yang. He actually visited me once three or four years ago. I turned him down because I had to rest at that time, but I didn’t expect to come to me at last. It was luck and fate. I think what’s yours is yours, and it’s too far-fetched if you don’t fight for it. I want to leave myself alone, because actors will panic after doing it for a long time, so I will try to keep myself stable and don’t want to catch anything so much.

1905 Movie Network: Will you consider letting your son be an actor in the future?

Chen Kun:Judging from his choice, he is still young, only in his teens. I think there should be a really clear direction after graduating from college, unless my son decided to do it long ago, and I am still observing it. I don’t think he will definitely want to be an actor.

I have to run 9 times to stop my mobile phone for my late father-in-law？ Mobile customer service apologizes

　　The pictures in this article are provided by the respondents.

　　On October 27th, Mr. Tang from Youxian District, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province broke the news to The Paper, saying that he had made nine trips to different mobile business halls in order to help his late father-in-law handle the mobile phone shutdown business in the mobile business hall, and it finally took nearly a month to successfully handle it.

　　In response to the situation reflected by Mr. Tang, on the afternoon of 27th, the customer service staff of China Mobile’s Mianyang 10086 hotline replied to The Paper, saying that if there were any irregularities in handling the shutdown business, they would first apologize on behalf of the local mobile business hall, and would also feed back the relevant information to relevant departments.

　　Local China Mobile Customer Services

　　Mr. Tang told The Paper that his father-in-law died of cirrhosis on September 23 this year. In order to prevent his father-in-law’s mobile phone from incurring further expenses and to untie the family package bound by his family as soon as possible, he went to the mobile business hall near home to handle related business on September 25.

　　By consulting the local mobile business hall, Mr. Tang learned that the package business handled by his father-in-law had to pay about 170 yuan every month, and he was given 1200 minutes of talk time every month, which was bound for 2 years.

　　"If you want to handle the downtime, you must first untie it, and you must pay the liquidated damages near 480 yuan." Mr. Tang questioned whether it is reasonable to pay a certain penalty to handle the shutdown business because the person has passed away and this number cannot be directly cancelled.

　　Mr. Tang said that after expressing his confusion to the business hall consulted at that time, the other party told him that the two-year package could not be cancelled, and he had to go to the mobile business hall to handle it.

　　When Mr. Tang went to the mobile business hall near his home for the second time, he was told by the other party that he would not accept it and needed to go to China Mobile Business Hall in Shenjiaba.

　　When Mr. Tang went to China Mobile Business Hall in Shenjiaba, Youxian District, Mianyang for the third time, the other party told him that he needed to bring his father-in-law’s death certificate and other relevant documents before he could cancel the registration. When Mr. Tang went home for the fourth time, he was told by the other party that he needed to take the TV set-top box, wireless network optical cat and other materials bound to his father-in-law’s phone number to the business hall.

　　Mr. Tang recalled that in the mobile business hall of Shenjiaba, he was repeatedly rejected for reasons such as "not carrying enough materials" and "rushing to handle it and being told that it was 18: 30 after work". "They didn’t tell me what I needed to take at one time. They ran to tell me once, just like squeezing toothpaste, so they tossed it back and forth for seven times and finally failed."

　　On October 23rd, when Mr. Tang came to Shenjiaba Mobile Business Hall for the ninth time, he finally paid 50 yuan’s unbinding fee and deducted the phone bill for one month, and the shutdown business was successfully handled.

　　Mr. Tang said that during the nine trips to the business hall, he complained to the 10086 hotline, but did not get effective feedback.

　　A live recording provided by Mr. Tang showed that Mr. Tang had reported to the salesman in the mobile business hall that he had made seven trips to untie the business, and the staff replied in person, "Did I ask you to run seven trips?" I just got the list today. "

　　On the 27th, The Paper called the relevant person in charge of the Shenjiaba business hall of China Mobile by text message and telephone for many times. The other party said that it was "inconvenient to disclose" and refused to interview.

　　On the afternoon of 27th, China Mobile’s 10086 customer service staff told The Paper that they needed to bring the death certificate issued by the police station and the ID card of the handler, and go to China Mobile’s self-run business hall to negotiate and handle related business. The non-self-run business hall was not qualified to handle this business.

　　The aforementioned customer service staff of China Mobile 10086 also said that it is not troublesome to handle this business. "Just bring your mobile phone, but the business in each region is different.". As for the business opened on the mobile phone account of the deceased owner, he said, "You can negotiate with our staff. This is human feelings and should be handled."

Beijing Beijing BJ60 price reduction news, the latest offer 209,800! only this time

Welcome to [Autohome Beijing Discount Promotion Channel], bringing you the latest preferential information. At present, the models that have attracted much attention are launching a promotion in the Beijing area. According to our understanding, the maximum discount has reached an astonishing 30,000 yuan, which is undoubtedly a rare opportunity for consumers who are interested in buying this car. The starting price has been reduced to 209,800 yuan, which is very attractive. If you are interested in Beijing BJ60, don’t miss this great opportunity to save money, click "Chatty Car Price" in the quotation form immediately to seize this rare discount and make the car purchase dream a reality.

北京北京BJ60降价消息，最新报价20.98万！仅此一次

The Beijing BJ60 is a blend of hardcore off-road and urban leisure elements. Its front face is uniquely designed, with a large area of chrome decoration, a delicate grille, and tough lines, showing a sense of power. The overall style of the body is tough and atmospheric, and the streamlined silhouette is combined with the off-road style detail design, which not only meets the needs of outdoor adventure, but also shows the atmosphere of urban fashion.

北京北京BJ60降价消息，最新报价20.98万！仅此一次

The Beijing BJ60 is the perfect combination of power and elegance with its smooth side lines. The body size is impressive, with a length of 5040mm, a width of 1955mm, a height of 1925mm, and a wheelbase of 2820mm, providing a sufficient foundation for the interior space. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1620mm and 1640mm respectively, ensuring the stability of the vehicle. The tire size is 265/65 R18, with exquisite wheel design, which not only enhances the overall visual effect, but also provides the driver with a good handling experience.

北京北京BJ60降价消息，最新报价20.98万！仅此一次

The interior design of the Beijing BJ60 combines modern luxury and functionality, showing a refined and spacious atmosphere. A large leather-wrapped steering wheel is used to bring a comfortable feel, while supporting manual up and down + front and rear adjustment to meet the individual needs of the driver. The 12.8-inch central control screen not only displays clearly, but also has an automatic speech recognition control system, which is convenient to operate and full of technology. For the seat part, the seat material is imitation leather, and the main driver’s seat provides 4-way adjustment, including front and rear, backrest, high and low and waist support, and has heating, ventilation and massage functions for both comfort and health. The passenger seat also supports multi-directional adjustment and has waist support. In addition, the front row is also equipped with USB and Type-C ports, as well as wireless charging of mobile phones, to meet the multimedia needs of passengers. The second row of seats supports backrest adjustment, while the rear seats support proportional reclining, bringing more practicality to travel.

北京北京BJ60降价消息，最新报价20.98万！仅此一次

The Beijing BJ60 is equipped with a 2.0T engine with a maximum power of 120 kilowatts and a maximum torque of 400 Nm, which can provide excellent performance. The engine has 163 horsepower and is matched with an 8-speed automatic transmission, ensuring the ride and power requirements of the vehicle in daily driving.

Overall, Autohome owners have been quite positive about the Beijing BJ60. He loves the tall and powerful car, especially its excellent exterior design and powerful lines. He is particularly satisfied with the front shape. Although some people may need time to get used to it, once attracted by the domineering headlights at night, it is difficult to resist its charm. This is enough to prove that the Beijing BJ60, as a hard-core SUV, has not only conquered owners in design, but also won praise for practicality and visual impact.

＂Galaxy Writer＂ released a special video to directly attack the workplace of Party B


1905 movie network news On March 4, the brain-opening anti-routine comedy movie released a special video of "Monday again" working part-time and a poster of "B Qi’Crazy ‘", which realistically reproduced the mental state of contemporary migrant workers with many explosive stems, directly attacking the public life of Party B’s workplace, poking the laughs and poking people’s hearts at the same time. The film is directed and directed by Shan Dandan, Li Kuo, screenwriter,,, and leads the lead.

　

Why is Friday so close to Monday, but Monday so far from Friday? The special video of "Monday again" in "Galaxy Writer" vividly depicts the mental state of migrant workers: when they first started working, they were full of pride, but after a year of work, they were polished to numbness by life. When talking about salary with HR, they were madly painted cakes by the other party, and after talking, they realized that they didn’t get anything. The company atmosphere is like playing "Werewolf". The gifts given to colleagues are extremely precious, but the gifts given to you by colleagues are a severe lesson. You and your boss feel that each other is a dog, and each other "looks down on people". When you learn that it has been optimized, you still feel that it doesn’t matter, but after being optimized, you collapse to the ground.

　

In the poster version of "Yi Qi’s’Crazy ‘" released simultaneously in the film, Zhang Guoyi (Song Muzi) and Sun Tan (Hewenjun) hold the burnt plan and the broken keyboard in one hand, and point at the audience in the other. At their feet, two huge black shadows raising guns are actually introduced! The contrast between the two also left a huge suspense for the film. Where will their "road to party B" eventually lead?

　

It is worth mentioning that Song Muzi, He Wenjun, and Li Fei, who led the "Three Dogs" group, once again showed the image of migrant workers in "Galaxy Writers" after works such as "Can’t Hold It", confirming the title of "internal entertainment migrant workers".

　

The movie "Galaxy Writer" is directed by Li Kuo and Shan Dandan, written by Shan Dandan, Li Kuo and Gao Qun, starring Song Muzi, He Wenjun and Li Fei, and starring Li Wenru, Song Xiaoliang, Zhang Haosen, Liu Moran and Qi Youyi. It will be released nationwide on March 30.


Long March 3B carrier rocket successfully launches Beidou navigation satellite

　　Hi for the 100th time! At 22:41 on April 20, our country successfully launched the 44th Beidou navigation satellite with the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. This is the 100th flight of the Long March 3A series of carrier rockets. This is the first tilted geosynchronous orbit satellite of the Beidou-3 system. It is understood that after the satellite enters the working orbit and conducts a series of in-orbit tests, it will be networked with 18 medium earth orbit satellites and 1 geosynchronous orbit satellite previously launched. "This hybrid constellation design containing three different types of orbiting satellites is unique to the Beidou system and the first in the world. It will effectively increase the number of satellites visible in the Asia-Pacific region and provide better services for the Asia-Pacific region." Beidou satellite navigation system engineering chief designer Yang Changfeng said.

　　At 22:41, the Long March rocket took off into the sky with orange-red flames and flew to the vast starry sky. This is the 302nd flight of the Long March series of carrier rockets and the 100th flight of the Long March 3A series of carrier rockets. As the only navigation system in the world composed of three kinds of orbital satellites, China’s Beidou has very high requirements for the rocket to perform the launch mission. Due to its strong adaptability, the characteristics of serving multiple orbital surfaces and high stability, the Long March 3A series of carrier rockets, including the Long March 3B, have become a veritable "Beidou special train". So far, it has successfully sent 4 Beidou navigation test satellites and 44 Beidou navigation satellites into the predetermined orbit through 36 launches. This launch is the first launch of Beidou navigation satellites in 2019. It is understood that the Beidou satellite navigation system will continue to have a high-density global network this year, and will launch 8-10 Beidou-3 networking satellites to complete all MEO satellite launches, further improve the global system constellation layout, and comprehensively improve the system service performance and user experience.

　　The Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite navigation system independently built and operated by our country. Yang Changfeng said that since the end of 2018, the system has been running smoothly. After global testing and evaluation, the positioning accuracy in the global region is better than 10 meters, and the positioning accuracy in the Asia-Pacific region is better than 5 meters, which meets the indicator requirements. According to the plan, in 2020, our country will fully complete the construction of the Beidou-3 global system and provide unique services. In 2035, our country will also build a more ubiquitous, more integrated and more intelligent integrated positioning and navigation timing (PNT) system with the Beidou system as the core. After years of development, the Beidou system has been applied on a large scale in our country’s transportation, agriculture, public security, surveying and mapping industries and the public sector. The sales volume of basic products such as domestic Beidou navigation chip modules has exceeded 70 million pieces. At the same time, our country has always adhered to the concept of "China’s Beidou, the world’s Beidou", and shared the development results of the Beidou system construction with the world.

　　At present, the Beidou system has been widely used in the fields of construction in Kuwait, land surveying and mapping in Uganda, precision agriculture in Myanmar, warehousing and logistics in Thailand, and power inspection in Russia. "The Beidou system will serve the world and benefit mankind with stronger functions and better performance," Yang Changfeng said. At 22:41 on April 20, Beijing time, our country successfully launched the 44th Beidou navigation satellite with the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The Yuanwang 3 ship successfully completed the maritime measurement and control task in the predetermined waters of the Pacific Ocean.

　　After the rocket took off for more than 20 minutes, the Yuanwang No. 3 ship discovered and successfully captured the target in time in the depths of the ocean thousands of miles away from the motherland. The onboard aerospace measurement and control equipment quickly received the rocket telemetry parameters, and at the same time carried out the measurement of the rocket and the satellite. Accurately send data to the Xi’an Satellite Measurement and Control Center and Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

Interview with Yang Mi： I have never quarreled with Liu Kaiwei, and marriage should take its course


Yang Mi accepts an exclusive interview with [Movie Network]

　 　 Movie Network News(Graphic video/Shanghai Film Festival Report Team) "I’ve actually only been making movies for one year, and it’s too exaggerated to say that I’ve been’overconsumed ‘！” 、、、、、& hellip;… 2012 was a year when Yang Mi’s film works collectively broke out. However, it was this little girl who released N movies one after another in this year who said that making movies is still a very new thing for herself.

　 　 She, who has never been secretive, also talked a lot about her feelings in an interview with [Movie Network], and revealed that she was confessed by Liu Kaiwei on the phone. The two had a good relationship that never quarreled, and marriage should take its course.

"Dawudang" fight is not a fistfight, but a happy enemy with Zhao Wenzhuo

　 　 In "Great Wudang", Yang Mi played a female swordsman. For the first time in martial arts, she played with Zhao Wenzhuo and Fan Shaohuang, who had trained in real kung fu. The pressure was really not small. In the movie, it was even more necessary to shoot with real guns and live ammunition, and injuries were inevitable, but Yang Mi enjoyed it: "Pain is the most real thing, and this is also the fun of acting."

　 　 Movie Network:In the past, they were all romantic films, and the characters were relatively small girls. Why did they choose the role of beating women?

　 　 Yang Mi: Because I really don’t know if I can try to make a movie, I also feel very excited. When I was making a movie, I had never tried many things in terms of physical fitness and psychology. In the past, when I was making TV dramas, I was actually playing small games. Now in "Da Wudang", I have to play with real guns and live ammunition. When I was filming, I also doubted whether I could do it, but when I finally made it through the whole process, I still felt that I was very good.

　 　 Movie Network:What do you think are the characteristics of the beating girl you play?

　 　 Yang Mi: This time, the character is actually a grand thief. At the beginning, she was going to steal treasures, but in the middle, she encountered some situations where Zhao Wenzhuo did not know each other. The whole story is related to theft and theft, so it is quite special.

　 　 Movie Network:Before, you said that Director Yuan Kui would design some very feminine movements, and they would look good when shot. Are you afraid that others will say that your fighting drama is not realistic enough?

　 　 Yang Mi: When everyone goes to the movies, they will know that it is definitely not a fistfight. It just means that Director Yuankui will design the action according to everyone’s expertise, and find some good-looking camera positions for you to fight. For example, I may not be that strong, but I can kick my legs very high, so he will specially help me design some kicking movements, such as flying up and kicking, turning around and kicking, etc.

　 　 Movie Network:What preparations have you made before filming, have you received any special training? Are you still easily injured while filming?

　 　 Yang Mi: I have done physical training and some martial arts training before. I think it is inevitable that I will be injured in filming, not only me, but also the staff around me. But I think this is also the fun of filming. When there is a real pain and dangerous action, your reaction is the most real.

　 　 Movie Network:Do you need a double?

　 　 Yang Mi: Of course, there are some movements that cannot be completed, but most of them are completed by myself.

　 　 Movie Network:What is the story between your character and Zhao Wenzhuo in Da Wudang?

　 　 Yang Mi: In fact, we have always been very ignorant, from not knowing each other to a small spark of love in the end, but not to the kind that loves each other very much. On the whole, it is still the kind of happy enemy, one is very emotional, the other is very rational, so we have been spending time in this contradiction.

　 　 Movie Network:What is your impression of Zhao Wenzhuo?

　 　 Yang Mi: He is very nice. We have no experience in filming scenes, so we are afraid that we might hurt each other if we really fight. He accompanies me to try tricks over and over again, and is very patient. In his spare time, he often shows me photos of his son and daughter. He is a good father who loves his family very much.

Next page:The relationship with Liu Kaiwei is so good that he has never quarreled. Marriage should take its course

Advantages and disadvantages of the four strokes (technical flow angle)

In this article, we will objectively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the four major strokes and the four most basic strokes. As a swimmer, relevant knowledge will help you to understand swimming more deeply and make swimming and body and mind combine perfectly.

breaststroke

Breaststroke is generally one of the first strokes that beginners come into contact with. Modern breaststroke has developed into whip breaststroke leg, and the breaststroke swimmer has also been broken down into several action stages, namely, returning the arm, sliding, paddling, chest and hand, all of which are done underwater or near the surface.

The advantage of breaststroke is that the head can easily get out of the water, the front vision is not affected, and there is no big breathing problem. Another advantage is that the hands and legs of breaststroke move synchronously in the same symmetry, which is also beneficial for beginners to master the initial movements, so breaststroke is easier to learn from all strokes.

The main disadvantage of breaststroke is that it is slower than other strokes and less efficient.

backstroke

Backstroke is the easiest stroke to learn after breaststroke. Backstroke, as its name implies, is swimming on the back, and backstroke leg is also a kind of whipping leg, and it should be whipped up and down alternately.

The hands of the backstroker swing like a windmill in turn. After the straight arm comes out from the hip, the straight arm moves to the top of the head to enter the water, and then grabs, pulls and pushes the water to the hip for one cycle.

The advantage of backstroke is that once the backstroke is well balanced, breathing is not a problem at all, and it is more efficient than breaststroke, and it can also do long-distance backstroke, and it can be used as an auxiliary treatment stroke for patients with low back diseases.

Backstroke also has disadvantages. The speed of backstroke is not as fast as freestyle and butterfly. For beginners, it is not easy to master the balance of backstroke. Therefore, the nose will often get water and choke, and for beginners, swimming will be very uncomfortable because they can’t look forward.

freestyle

Freestyle requires swimmers to lie prone, and the leg movements are the same as backstroke legs, which are also whipping legs, and they should be whipped up and down in a cross way. The hand movements require that the arm should be pulled back from near the thigh and head into the water, and then the water should be scratched and pushed to the thigh and then returned to the arm.

The advantage of freestyle is clearly that it is fast. Freestyle is the fastest and most effective stroke, and it is also the fastest stroke in competitive competitions, and it is also the favorite stroke of long-distance swimmers in recent years. Freestyle can achieve the minimum physical consumption for long-distance swimming.

The disadvantage of freestyle is that the face must be underwater for a long time and vertically downward, which requires turning your head when breathing. The coordination of breathing and body swimming in freestyle makes it one of the more difficult swimming postures to master.

butterfly stroke

Butterfly stroke is the most beautiful and difficult stroke among the four strokes. Butterfly stroke requires the body to do wave-like movements like dolphins, that is, whip the whole body. The underwater movement of the arm is actually similar to the front of freestyle, except that the hands are synchronized, and the water is thrown in front of the water after being pulled under the hips.

The advantage of butterfly stroke is that it is fast. Apart from freestyle, butterfly stroke is a relatively fast stroke, which is faster than breaststroke and backstroke. Another advantage is that it looks good and fun because of its unique dolphin-like body fluctuation.

However, one disadvantage of butterfly stroke is that it consumes too much and is not suitable for long-distance swimming. Another disadvantage is that it is not easy to learn, because butterfly stroke requires difficult body wave movements and the timing of arm ejection is not easy to grasp.

The technical advantages and disadvantages of the four strokes are briefly analyzed, which helps beginners to understand swimming and enhance their curiosity, and also helps swimmers to learn more about swimming. Help all people who love swimming to explain the problems encountered in swimming.