In order to implement the spirit of the State Council Food Safety Work Conference, according to the Ministry of Agriculture2011In 2000, the quality and safety improvement of agricultural products was unified, the concept of "public plant protection and green plant protection" was strengthened, the mode of plant protection and disaster prevention was changed, and the green prevention and control of crop pests and diseases was vigorously promoted to ensure the safety of agricultural production, the quality and safety of agricultural products and the safety of ecological environment. The following opinions were put forward:
First, promoting the green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests is of great significance to ensuring the safety of agricultural production and the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests refers to plant protection measures to control crop diseases and insect pests by adopting environmental-friendly measures such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical control and scientific drug use. Promoting green prevention and control is an important measure to implement the plant protection policy of "prevention first and comprehensive prevention" and implement the green plant protection strategy.
(1) Green prevention and control is an important means to continuously control pests and diseases and ensure the safety of agricultural production.At present, the prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests in China mainly depends on chemical control measures, which not only control the damage and loss of diseases and insect pests, but also bring about problems such as the increase of drug resistance and the increase of outbreak probability of diseases and insect pests. Popularization and application of green prevention and control technologies such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical control and scientific drug use will not only help to protect biodiversity, reduce the probability of outbreaks of pests and diseases, and achieve sustainable control of pests and diseases, but also help to reduce the losses caused by pests and diseases and ensure a bumper harvest of grain and effective supply of major agricultural products.
(2) Green prevention and control is an inevitable requirement for promoting standardized production and improving the quality and safety level of agricultural products.The traditional measures to prevent and control crop diseases and insect pests can neither meet the development requirements of modern agriculture nor meet the needs of agricultural standardized production. Popularizing the green prevention and control technology of crop pests and diseases on a large scale can effectively solve the problem of pest control in the standardized production of crops, significantly reduce the use of chemical pesticides, avoid pesticide residues in agricultural products exceeding the standard, improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products, increase market competitiveness, and promote farmers to increase production and income.
(3) Green prevention and control is an effective way to reduce the risk of pesticide use and protect the ecological environment.Green pest control technology belongs to resource-saving and environment-friendly technology. Popularizing and applying green pest control technologies such as biological control and physical control can not only effectively replace the use of highly toxic and residual pesticides, but also reduce the risk of pest control in the production process and avoid human and animal poisoning accidents. At the same time, it also significantly reduces the non-point source pollution caused by pesticides and their wastes, which is helpful to protect the agricultural ecological environment.
II. Guiding ideology, main principles and objectives and tasks for promoting green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests
(A) the guiding ideology
Adhere to the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, implement the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention" and the plant protection concept of "public plant protection and green plant protection", and optimize and integrate the supporting technologies of green prevention and control of crop pests and diseases by region and crop. Through measures such as increasing policy support and publicity, we will vigorously demonstrate and popularize key technologies of green prevention and control, and provide support for agricultural production safety, agricultural product quality safety and ecological environment safety.
(2) Main principles
Policy support.Integrate resources, strive for financial support at all levels and related projects through multiple channels, actively explore the subsidy mechanism for green prevention and control of pests and diseases, and promote the popularization and application of green prevention and control technologies.
Optimization technology.Through the integrated innovation of key technologies such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical control and scientific drug use, the advanced nature, practicability and operability of green prevention and control technology will be continuously improved, and the sustainable development of agriculture will be promoted.
Ensure safety.Give priority to demonstration and popularization of green pest control technology in dominant horticultural crop producing areas, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, reduce pesticide use, and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Diversified promotion.Strengthen the cooperation between agriculture and education, and establish a diversified promotion mechanism of green prevention and control with agricultural extension departments at all levels as the main body and farmers’ professional cooperative organizations, professional associations, agriculture-related enterprises and farmers’ leaders widely participating.
(III) Objectives and tasks
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, we will take the lead in demonstrating and popularizing the green prevention and control technology of crop pests and diseases in vegetable bases in large and medium-sized cities, vegetable bases transported from south to north, anti-season vegetable bases in the north and horticultural product standard parks of the Ministry of Agriculture. Strive to reach the planting area by the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan".50%Above, the green prevention and control coverage of other crop diseases and insect pests has reached.thirty percentAbove, the use of chemical pesticides in the implementation area of green prevention and control has decreased.20%To ensure the safe use of pesticides and the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Third, the main push technology of green prevention and control of crop pests and diseases
(A) ecological control technology
Focus on promoting pest-resistant varieties, optimizing crop layout, cultivating healthy seedlings, improving water and fertilizer management and other healthy cultivation measures, combined with farmland ecological engineering, orchard grass mulching, intercropping among crops, natural enemy trapping zones and other biodiversity regulation and natural enemy protection and utilization technologies, to transform the source and breeding environment of pests and diseases, and artificially enhance the natural pest control ability and crop pest-resistant ability.
(2) Biological control technology
Focus on promoting the application of key biological control measures such as pest control, mite control, fungus control and fungus control, and increase the number of Trichogramma, predatory mites, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, microsporidia, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), Bacillus subtilis, nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), chicken and duck husbandry, rice and duck co-education and other mature products and technologies demonstration and promotion efforts, and actively develop the application technology of plant-derived pesticides, agricultural antibiotics, plant inducers and other biochemical preparations.
(3) Physical and chemical inducement and control technology
Focus on the promotion of insect pheromones (sex attractants, aggregations, etc.), insecticidal lamps, insect traps (yellow boards and blue boards) to control crop pests such as vegetables, fruit trees and tea trees, and actively develop and promote the application of physical and chemical trapping and control technologies such as plant trapping, bait trapping, insect net blocking and silver gray film repelling pests.
(D) Scientific medication technology
Promote efficient, low-toxic, low-residue, environment-friendly pesticides, optimize the integrated supporting technologies such as rotation, alternate use, accurate use and safe use of pesticides, strengthen the monitoring and management of pesticide resistance, popularize the knowledge of standardized use of pesticides, and strictly abide by the interval of safe use of pesticides. Through the rational use of pesticides, the negative effects caused by pesticide use can be minimized.
Four, vigorously promote the green prevention and control measures of crop diseases and insect pests
(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Agricultural administrative departments at all levels should put the promotion of green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests on the important agenda, strengthen leadership, vigorously support and actively promote. It is necessary to formulate a development plan for green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests suitable for local characteristics, clarify work objectives, formulate work plans, and vigorously promote green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests.
(2) Increase capital investment.Agricultural administrative departments at all levels should actively strive for financial input, raise support funds through multiple channels, and support the technical integration, experimental demonstration, popularization and publicity and training of green pest control technologies. It is necessary to actively innovate the mechanism and formulate corresponding support measures. Where conditions permit, we should make full use of relevant pest control funds, explore green prevention and control technology subsidies and materialized subsidies, and improve farmers’ enthusiasm for participation. Encourage social capital to participate in the promotion of green prevention and control technology, and establish a diversified investment mechanism in which enterprises jointly build and professional cooperative organizations participate in the promotion.
(3) Expand demonstration and promotion.At present, the development of green prevention and control technology of crop diseases and insect pests in China is relatively backward, and the ability of popularization and application is insufficient. Agricultural administrative departments at all levels should establish a number of green prevention and control demonstration areas around key areas and key crops, continuously expand the scale of demonstration and promotion, and encourage farmers’ professional cooperative organizations, agriculture-related enterprises and farmers to widely adopt green prevention and control technology through typical guidance and demonstration. It is necessary to organically combine the popularization and application of green prevention and control with the development of specialized unified prevention and control, and gradually realize the promotion of green prevention and control in the whole village, township and county and cross-regional areas.
(4) Actively publicize and guide.Agricultural administrative departments at all levels should make full use of various media, on-the-spot meetings, field training and other means to increase the publicity and guidance of green prevention and control, vigorously publicize the typical experience of green prevention and control, let the society know the role of green prevention and control, let leaders know the effect of green prevention and control, let farmers enhance their confidence in green prevention and control, and create a good working atmosphere. At the same time, it is necessary to organize various forms of technical training such as farmers’ field schools in combination with relevant training projects, and train a group of leaders who master green prevention and control technologies.
(5) Strengthen technical guidance.Agricultural plant protection departments at all levels should actively carry out cooperation between agriculture and education, introduce experts and technologies, strengthen technical integration and collaborative public relations, and constantly improve the advanced, practical and operability of green prevention and control technologies. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance on key technologies for prevention and control of key areas, key crops and major pests and diseases, promptly promote and recommend a number of practical technologies and high-quality prevention and control products to farmers, actively help solve practical problems existing in the process of green prevention and control, and ensure that the green prevention and control work is effective.
General office of agriculture department
May 17, 2011