In 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decisive strategic choice to shift the work center of the Party and the state to economic construction.
▲ The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee adopted the communiqué of the meeting.
Over the past 40 years, China’s reform and opening-up has gone all the way forward, which has not only changed China, but also rewritten the relationship between China and the world. 40 firsts in 40 years, which of these marks will make you unforgettable?
Before breaking the ice
China’s reform started from rural areas and extended to cities. New things, such as migrant workers entering cities, self-employed workers, and contracted management of enterprises, have sprung up, and major measures such as opening up to the outside world and setting up special zones have been continuously introduced … … Reform and opening-up have gathered the broadest consensus, inspired the vitality of hundreds of millions of people, and everything in China has recovered and flourished.
The first village of rural reform
▲ Imposition photo: The picture above shows the "big contract" contract (data photo) in which 18 farmers pressed the red handprint in the winter of 1978; The picture below shows that in 1981, some "big contract" leaders took a group photo in front of the thatched cottage (data photo).
Forty years ago, the "all-in-one contract" originated in Xiaogang Village became a spring thunder of reform and opening up, breaking through the ideological shackles and awakening the sleeping land … …
The first joint venture
▲ Chef of Beijing Aviation Food Company, the French Meng Peisha (second from left) and assistant chef, Hong Kong compatriot Deng Yaoquan (second from right) studied the preparation of aviation dishes together (photo taken in May 1986).
On April 10th, 1980, China’s first Sino-foreign joint venture — — Beijing Aviation Food Co., Ltd. was approved to be established.
The first special economic zone
On August 26th, 1980, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) approved the establishment of a special economic zone in Shenzhen. Over the past 40 years, Shenzhen has developed from a border fishing village to a world-renowned city of financial technology innovation.
The first color TV production line
China’s first color TV production line was built and put into trial production in the state-owned Tianjin Wireless Power Plant in 1980.
The first business license of individual industry and commerce
On December 11th, 1980, Zhang Huamei, a 19-year-old Wenzhou girl selling buttons, got the first "business license for individual industrial and commercial households" from Wenzhou Administration for Industry and Commerce as she wished — — Industrial and commercial certificate no.10101.
The first Spring Festival Gala
On New Year’s Eve in 1983, when people were sitting around enjoying the reunion and waiting for the coming of the New Year, the first Spring Festival Gala officially began.
The first stock
▲ On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1988, Shanghai Vacuum Electronics, Feile Audio and Aishi Electronics Co., Ltd. distributed dividends in 1987 to more than 30,000 shareholders in the Jing ‘an Securities Department of China Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Shanghai Trust and Investment Company. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Mingshe
On November 18th, 1984, Shanghai Feile Audio Company was established, and issued 10,000 shares with face value of 50 yuan to the public. This is the first public offering of shares to the public since the founding of New China.
The first patent application number
▲ On April 1, 1985, the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) came into effect. At 8 o’clock that morning, hundreds of people were waiting to apply for patents in front of the reception office of the China Patent Office in Beijing. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wu Jiadu photo
Hu Guohua, an engineer from 207 companies of the former Ministry of Aerospace Industry, got the first patent application number in China and became the "first person" in China.
The first hammer of new China land auction
▲ On the afternoon of December 1, 1987, Luo Jinxing, the manager of Shenzhen Real Estate Company (holding the No.11 license plate), won the right to use a residential land auctioned by the municipal government for 5.25 million yuan. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cheng Zhishan photo (fax photo)
On the afternoon of December 1, 1987, the Shenzhen Municipal Government held a public auction of land use rights, knocking down the first hammer of the new China land auction.
The first KFC restaurant
On November 12th, 1987, KFC, an American fast food company, officially opened its first restaurant in China in Qianmen.
The first high-tech industrial development pilot zone
On May 10th, 1988, officially approved by the State Council, China’s first high-tech industrial development pilot zone — — Beijing New Technology Industry Development Experimental Zone was established.
The first expressway was completed and opened to traffic.
On October 31, 1988, the first expressway in China — — The entire Hujia Expressway is open to traffic. By the end of 2017, the total mileage of highways in China was 4.77 million kilometers, of which the mileage of expressways was 136,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world.
The first stock exchange
The first stock exchange in China — — Shanghai Stock Exchange was announced on November 26th, 1990 and officially opened in mid-December. On July 3, 1991, Shenzhen Stock Exchange was officially listed for business.
The first internet company
The place this billboard refers to is the first Internet access service provider in China, Yinghaiwei. On the side of the sinking boat, Qian Fan passed by, and the generations of Internet companies that emerged behind it really changed China. As of December 2017, the number of Internet users in China has reached 772 million, including 753 million mobile phone users, accounting for 97.5%. In 2017, Internet users in China spent 27 hours per week.
Rise of a great country
With the continuous advancement of reform and opening up, 1.3 billion people in China have made great strides to catch up with the trend of the times and steadily embarked on a broad road towards prosperity and well-being. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is full of vitality, and the Chinese nation, which has made great contributions to the progress of human civilization, stands proudly in the east of the world with unprecedented majesty.
The first e-commerce
▲ From April 11th to 13th, 2017, the 2017 China International E-Commerce Expo with the theme of "Sharing Economy, Connecting the Future" was held in Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Tan Jinshe
On April 7th, 1998, the first e-commerce order in China came unexpectedly: Beijing Haixing Kenzo brand Computer Company and Shaanxi Huaxing Import and Export Company conducted the first e-commerce transaction by using the e-commerce system of China Commodity Exchange Center. Nowadays, online shopping has become a part of daily life in many Chinese. In 2017, the national e-commerce transaction volume reached 29.16 trillion yuan, up 11.7% year-on-year.
The first navigation and positioning satellite
In the early morning of October 31st, 2000, China developed its first navigation and positioning satellite — — Beidou Navigation Test Satellite was launched in xichang satellite launch center.
Formal accession to the World Trade Organization
▲ On November 11th, 2001, the signing ceremony of China’s accession to the WTO was held in Doha, Qatar. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianhua photo
On November 10th, 2001, the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization deliberated and adopted China’s decision to join the World Trade Organization by consensus in Doha, Qatar. The Protocol of China’s accession to the WTO came into effect on December 11th of that year.
The first manned space flight
▲ At 6: 23 on October 16, 2003, the Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft landed successfully at the main landing site in Inner Mongolia, and the return capsule was intact. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Lingshe
At 9: 00 on October 15th, 2003, China’s first manned spacecraft, Shenzhou 5, was successfully launched, and China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, became the first China visitor in the vast space.
The first EMU train
▲ In the early morning of February 1, 2018, the EMU stopped at the storage line of Wuhan EMU, ready for maintenance and heat preservation. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu photo
On December 22nd, 2007, the first domestically produced "Harmony" EMU train in China was completed and rolled off the assembly line. On June 26th, 2017, Fuxing, a Chinese standard EMU with completely independent intellectual property rights and reaching the world advanced level, was launched in both directions at Beijing South Railway Station and shanghai hongqiao railway station at both ends of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. By the end of 2017, China’s railway mileage will reach 127,000 kilometers and high-speed rail mileage will reach 25,000 kilometers, accounting for 66.3% of the world’s total high-speed rail.
Hosting the Olympic Games for the first time
▲ On the evening of August 8, 2008, the opening ceremony of the 29th Beijing Olympic Games was held in the National Stadium. This is the five-ring pattern formed by fireworks over the National Stadium after the main torch tower of the Beijing Olympic Games was lit. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lan Hongguang photo
In August 2008, the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. On February 25, 2018, at the closing ceremony of Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, the Winter Olympics officially entered the "Beijing Cycle" with Beijing, the host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics, officially taking over the Olympic flag.
Hosting the World Expo for the first time
▲ On the evening of April 30th, 2010, the opening ceremony of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo was held in Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cheng Minshe
Expo 2010 Shanghai China was held from May 1st to October 31st.
The first aircraft carrier
▲ The picture shows the "Liaoning Ship" going out to sea for scientific research and sea training (photo). Xinhua News Agency reporter Cha Chunming photo
China’s first aircraft carrier — — "Liaoning Ship" was officially delivered to Dalian, Liaoning at 10: 00 am on September 25th, 2012.
The first deep dive exceeded 7000m.
▲ This is the manned submersible Jiaolong, which was shot on June 1, 2012 and ready to enter the water. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Xudong photo
On June 24th, 2012, China’s Jiaolong manned submersible set a new record for China’s manned deep dive in the Mariana Trench experimental sea area in the western Pacific Ocean, breaking through 7000m for the first time, with a maximum dive depth of 7020m.
Wei da fu xing
Time series changes, dreams move forward.
With the deepening of reform, some difficult and unavoidable problems are in front of us. Just as you may encounter a steep slope before reaching the summit, the closer you are to the target, the more difficult it is to overcome difficulties.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, breakthroughs have been made in comprehensively deepening reform, and the main framework of reform with four beams and eight pillars in various fields has sprung up, and historic changes have taken place in the cause of the party and the state.
40 years of unity, 40 years of hard work.
The pace of China’s reform and opening up in the new era will not stop!
The first free trade zone
On September 29th, 2013, China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was formally established, which is the first pilot free trade zone established in Chinese mainland.
For the first time, the proportion of added value of tertiary industry surpassed that of secondary industry.
▲ On April 30, 2018, tourists watched the beautiful terraces in Guzhuang Village, Longji, Longsheng, Guangxi. During the May Day holiday in 2018, domestic tourism revenue was 87.16 billion yuan, up 10.2% year-on-year. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wang Zichuang)
In 2013, the proportion of added value of the tertiary industry in China surpassed that of the secondary industry for the first time, reaching 46.1%. In 2015, the added value of China’s tertiary industry accounted for 50.5%, exceeding 50% for the first time.
The first Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect transaction
▲ This is the poster of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect in the sales department of a securities company in Fuxingmenwai Street, Beijing (photo taken on November 17, 2014). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xin photo
On November 17, 2014, the opening ceremony of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect was held simultaneously in Shanghai and Hong Kong Stock Exchanges. With the opening of the two markets at the same time, Shanghai Stock Connect and Hong Kong Stock Connect traded "Hualuo" Yili and Changjiang Industry for the first time.
The first world internet conference
▲ On November 21st, 2014, the first three-day world internet conference came to an end in Wuzhen, Zhejiang. The picture shows the guests attending the closing ceremony. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yan Huanzong photo
On November 19th, 2014, the first world internet conference kicked off in Wuzhen, Zhejiang.
The first national "Double Creation Week"
▲ On October 23, 2015, the audience was learning about an airborne photoelectric detection and guidance device. Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang photo
From October 19th to 23rd, 2015, the National Mass Entrepreneurship Innovation Week was held in China, and the main venue was set in Zhongguancun, Beijing.
The first national comprehensive experimental zone for big data
▲ This is the "just visiting" in the exhibition center of Guizhou Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone, which was shot on May 25th, 2017. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe
On March 2, 2016, the "National Big Data (Guizhou) Comprehensive Experimental Zone" was officially unveiled, which is the first national-level big data comprehensive experimental zone in China.
The first supercomputer built entirely with domestic processors
▲ This is the "Shenwei Taihu Light" supercomputer installed in Wuxi Center of National Supercomputing (photo taken on June 20, 2016). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xiangshe
On June 20, 2016, the first "Shenwei Taihu Light" independently developed by China, all built with domestic processors, won the world supercomputer championship and became the fastest supercomputer in the world.
The first experimental satellite of quantum science
▲ On June 15, 2017, at the Nanshan Observatory in Urumqi, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite transited, and researchers were doing experiments (synthesizing photos). Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang photo
On August 16, 2016, China successfully launched the world’s first quantum science experimental satellite "Mozi".
The G20 Summit was held in China for the first time.
▲ On August 25th, 2016, gardeners maintained G20 theme flower beds on the street of Jiangnan Avenue in Binjiang District, Hangzhou. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yin Dongxun photo
From September 4th to 5th, 2016, the 11th Summit of G20 leaders was held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. This is the first time that the G20 Leaders Summit, which was triggered by the international financial crisis in 2008, came to China.
RMB became a "reserve currency" for the first time.
▲ On September 30, 2016, at the headquarters of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington, DC, IMF President Lagarde delivered a speech on the inclusion of RMB in SDR.
On October 1, 2016, the RMB officially joined the SDR Special Drawing Rights, which means that the RMB became the "reserve currency" for the first time.
The first domestic large passenger plane
▲ On May 5, 2017, China’s first international mainstream trunk airliner C919 made its maiden flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ding Ting photo
At about 14 o’clock on May 5, 2017, China’s first international mainstream domestic large passenger plane C919 made its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport.
"One Belt, One Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum
▲ On May 14, 2017, the opening ceremony of the "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum was held at the Beijing National Convention Center. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Duo photo
From May 14 to 15, 2017, the "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum was held in Beijing.
The first internet court in China
▲ This is the newly listed Hangzhou Internet Court (photo taken on August 18, 2017). Xinhua News Agency reporter Weng Yushe
On August 18, 2017, the first Internet court in China — — Hangzhou Internet Court was formally established.
The first batch of enterprises settled in xiong’an new area
On September 28th, 2017, xiong’an new area Management Committee of Hebei Province said that 48 enterprises had been approved to settle in xiong’an new area, Hebei Province for the first time. The first batch of 48 enterprises approved for settlement are all high-end and high-tech enterprises. With the official announcement of the Planning Outline of xiong’an new area, Hebei Province, a blueprint for a national model city with high quality development has emerged, and a new engine of a modern economic system is about to start.
The first cloned monkey with somatic cells
▲ The cloned monkeys "Zhongzhong" and "Huahua" were carefully cared for in the incubator of the non-human primate platform nursery of the Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences (photo taken on January 22, 2018). Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang photo
With a handful of hairs, thousands of identical monkeys are transformed — — The myth in The Journey to the West is becoming a reality. The world’s first cloned monkey "Zhongzhong" was born on November 27th, 2017.
The first road test management regulation for unmanned vehicles
▲ On September 10, 2017, at the 2017 World Internet of Things Expo held in Wuxi, visitors were experiencing driverless cars. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ji Chunpeng photo
On December 19, 2017, the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission promulgated the first domestic management regulation on road test of unmanned vehicles, which took the lead in filling the legislative "blank" in this regard.
Explore the construction of a free trade port with China characteristics
▲ Imposition photo: A bird’s-eye view of Sanya city in Luhuitou Scenic Area, Sanya City (the picture above was taken by Xinhua News Agency reporter Jiang Enyu in February 1991, and the picture below was taken by Xinhua News Agency reporter Guo Cheng on April 4, 2018).
On April 14th, 2018, "Guiding Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Supporting Hainan’s Comprehensive Deepening of Reform and Opening-up" was officially released, supporting Hainan to build a free trade pilot zone and exploring the construction of a free trade port.
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era through long-term efforts, especially the unremitting struggle over the past 40 years of reform and opening up.
▲ On October 18th, 2017, The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was grandly opened in the Great Hall of the People. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lan Hongguang photo
Deepen the supply-side structural reform, accelerate the construction of an innovative country, accelerate the improvement of the socialist market economic system and promote the formation of a new pattern of all-round opening up … … The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made general arrangements for comprehensively deepening reform. In the future, the fields of deepening reform and opening wider to the outside world will be wider, the measures will be more and the intensity will be greater.
Crossing the torrent of revolution and construction, stirring the storm of reform and opening up, according to the strategic arrangement of "two stages" and "two steps", China, a big eastern country with a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization, is now forging ahead towards the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, building a socialist modernization power and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.